scholarly journals Toward a General Factor of Disruptiveness: The Most Novel Creative Objects Tend to Be the Least Valuable and Feasible Ones

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicolas Pichot ◽  
Eric Bonetto ◽  
Thomas Arciszewski ◽  
Nathalie Bonnardel ◽  
Jean-Baptiste Pavani
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
General Factor ◽  
Subtle Difference ◽  
Standard Definition ◽  
Everyday Language ◽  
Common Activity ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Psychometric Studies

Talking about creative productions seems to be a common activity in both everyday language and the language used by researchers. The use of the term creative implies the existence of a creativity variable that allows for comparisons between different productions. According to the standard definition of creativity (Runco & Jaeger, 2012), to be creative, a production must have both value and novelty. So far, empirical psychometric studies looking for a creativity variable with these two dimensions have shown that value and novelty are not only independent, but are also only weakly correlated. This empirical evidence, which has been widely replicated in the literature, indicates that, according to psychometric rules, it is impossible and indeed paradoxical to talk about the creativity of a production. In the present study, we sought to replicate these results by including a new dimension that has mostly been omitted in psychometric studies of creativity dimensions, namely feasibility. Results (N = 662 ideas) tended to show that this new dimension, negatively correlated with novelty and positively correlated with value, led to a second-order general factor of creativity. We named the axis formed by these three dimensions disruptiveness in order to underline the subtle difference from what would be an axis of creativity. The theoretical and applied implications of these results are discussed.

scholarly journals DCA-Transparency

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
C. Richard Hossiep ◽  
Julian Märtins ◽  
Gerhard Schewe
Keyword(s):  
Job Satisfaction ◽  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Content Validity ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
German Version ◽  
Factorial Structure ◽  
Organizational Settings ◽  
Quantitative Studies ◽  
Theoretical Support

Abstract. Even though there is strong theoretical support that transparency in organizations leads to trust between employees and managers as well as increasing job satisfaction (e. g., Albu & Flyverbom, 2019 ; Giri & Kumar, 2010 ), such research lacks consistent empirical evidence. This inconsistency might be explained by the use of specific nongeneralizable scales ( Schnackenberg & Tomlinson, 2016 ). Therefore, Schnackenberg et al. (2020) developed a multidimensional transparency scale consisting of three dimensions: disclosure, clarity, and accuracy (so-called DCA-transparency). This paper validates a German version of the scale as well as conceptually and empirically extends its utility by adding the two dimensions of timeliness and relevance. We conducted three quantitative studies to examine the factorial structure ( N = 325), content validity ( N1 = 133 , N2 = 120), and usefulness ( N = 376, with a representative longitudinal sample). The results support the accuracy and utility of the extended German DCA scale in organizational settings and its multidimensionality.

scholarly journals Analysis on Marketing Strategies and Consumer Behavior during Online Shopping Carnival in China

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 60-64
Author(s):  
Yuchun Wu
Keyword(s):  
Consumer Behavior ◽  
Online Shopping ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Marketing Strategies ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Chinese Society ◽  
Social Influence Theory ◽  
Brand Building ◽  
Impacting Factors ◽  
Definition Of

As online shopping carnivals held by giant e-commerce platforms have achieved huge commercial success in terms of both, profit scales and brand building, the marketing strategies that the companies have adopted to promote their ideas and so swiftly influence consumer behavior have attracted wide attention. This article will first begin with the introduction on the phenomenon of online shopping carnival in China especially, the largest one which is the “Double Eleven” Global Online Shopping Carnival where there will be a brief discussion on its nature, history, scale, and huge influence on the Chinese society. Then, the discussion will be focused on the marketing secrets of its contagiousness and the reasons why everyone talks about it from three dimensions whereby it provides social currency, it is of practical value, and it evokes emotions. An analysis will then be done on the marketing contributors to its high sales volume of “Why people are participating?” with purchase motivation theory, social influence theory (SIT), and conformity theory. Finally, the passage will explore the definition of impulse buying as well as its impacting factors in online shopping experiences, and then explain the high incidence of this phenomenon during carnivals from two dimensions which include the low-price strategy and the stimulation from shopping environment. This article aims to help people understand online shopping and shopping carnivals better while the tips of promotion strategies and analysis on consumer behavior would provide a referential value for companies that are interested to raise certain brands’ publicity in addition to attract more consumers.

scholarly journals Multidimensional research on university engagement using a mixed method approach

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Helena Benito Mundet ◽  
Esther Llop Escorihuela ◽  
Marta Verdaguer Planas ◽  
Joaquim Comas Matas ◽  
Ariadna Lleonart Sitjar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Theoretical Point ◽  
Social Commitment ◽  
Cognition And Emotion ◽  
Nominal Groups ◽  
Valid Instrument ◽  
The One ◽  
Definition Of

The commitment or academic implication (engagement) of universitystudents has become a fundamental element for their welfare and academicperformance and, furthermore, it is also related to their professional futureand social commitment. For this reason, the definition of the concept and theprovision of assessment strategies and tools are essential to know the learningexperiences that lead to enhancing the academic involvement of the students.To develop our research, we have used a mixed quantitative and qualitativemethodology: exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis on the one hand,and discussion groups using the nominal groups technique on the other hand.We have set three different objectives: first, to delve into the multidimensionalmodel of the construct; second, to validate a questionnaire that allows forevaluation of the students’ perception of the learning methodologies used inthe classroom; and third, to check the manageability of the nominal groupsas a qualitative method of analysis. The results demonstrate that our newproposal provides a statistically valid instrument aimed at determining theperceptions of own engagement and an effective, efficient and motivatingqualitative method for students. However, regarding the multidimensionalityof the construct, contrary to the more accepted theoretical point of view thatconsiders three dimensions of engagement (behaviour, cognition and emotion),our results only reveal two dimensions (cognitive-emotional and behavioural).In the discussion and comments section we give possible explanations for thiscontradiction.

THE FREEDMAN-TOWNSEND MODEL IN TWO AND THREE DIMENSIONS

1992 ◽  
Vol 07 (09) ◽  
pp. 2005-2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.G.C. MCKEON
Keyword(s):  
Configuration Space ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Transverse Component ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Nonlinear Sigma Model ◽  
Four Dimensions ◽  
Space Formalism ◽  
Vector Theory ◽  
Definition Of

Using a mechanism similar to that employed by Freedman and Townsend in four dimensions, we discuss a variety of two- and three-dimensional gauge theories. The simplest of these models is equivalent to the nonlinear sigma model; another corresponds to a massive vector theory. In three dimensions, there exists a gauge invariance associated with the auxiliary vector ϕμa; when we quantize, this is accommodated using both the Batalin-Vilkovisky configuration space formalism and the Batalin-Fradkin-Vilkovisky configuration space formalism. Explicit one-loop calculations in the simplest two-dimensional model are carried out. The regularization used is a variant of operator regularization, allowing one to remain in two dimensions, hence circumventing problems associated with definition of the antisymmetric tensor εμν. This model is renormalizable, with renormalization mixing the scalar field ϕa and the transverse component of the vector field Vμa.

Psychometric Definition of Rorschach Determinant Component Structure

1998 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 116-123 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raymond M. Costello
Keyword(s):  
Lower Order ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Comprehensive System ◽  
Empirical Examination ◽  
Component Structure ◽  
Exner's Comprehensive System ◽  
Factor Analytic ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Components Analysis ◽  
Definition Of

This is an empirical examination of Experienced Stimulation (es) and Experience Actual (EA) from Exner's Comprehensive System (CS) for Rorschach's Test, spurred by Kleiger's theoretical critique. Principal components analysis, Cronbach's α, and inter-item correlational analyses were used to test whether 13 determinants used to code Rorschach responses (M, FM, m, CF+C, YF+Y, C'F+C', TF+T, VF+V, FC, FC', FV, FY, FT) are best represented as a one, two, or more-dimensional construct. The 13 determinants appear to reflect three dimensions, a “lower order” sensori-motor dimension (m + CF+C + YF+Y + C'F+C' + TF+T + VF+V) with a suggested label of Modified Experienced Stimulation (MES), a “higher order” sensori-motor dimension (FM + FV + FY + FT) with a suggested label of Modified Experience Potential (MEP), and a third sensori-motor dimension (M+FC+FC') for which the label of Modified Experience Actual (MEA) is suggested. These findings are consistent with Kleiger's arguments and could lead to a refinement of CS constructs by aggregating determinants along lines more theoretically congruous and more internally consistent. A RAMONA model with parameters specified was presented for replication attempts which use confirmatory factor analytic techniques.

Propiedades psicométricas de la Escala de Autoritarismo de Derechas en población colombiana

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Efrain Garcia-Sanchez ◽  
Nelson Molina Valencia ◽  
Estefanía Buitrago ◽  
Zabdi Sanz ◽  
Valentina Ramírez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Psychometric Properties ◽  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Social Dominance ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Social Policies ◽  
The Right

El autoritarismo es un constructo ampliamente estudiado en psicología para investigar comportamientos políticos. Para su medición se suele usar la escala de autoritarismo de derechas (RWA), la cual tiene variaciones en sus propiedades psicométricas según cada contexto. En este artículo traducimos y adaptamos una versión reducida del autoritarismo de derechas al contexto colombiano. En dos estudios (NEstudio1=417;NEstudio2=396), identificamos tres dimensiones: agresión-autoritaria, sumisión-autoritaria y convencionalismo; y encontramos que la RWA estuvo asociada positivamente con: dominancia social, deshumanización del adversario, apoyo al conflicto, patriotismo, sexismo, homofobia y la prohibición de políticas sociales consideradas como liberales (e.g., aborto, matrimonio igualitario, eutanasia). Se aporta evidencia empírica a favor de las propiedades psicométricas de la escala de RWA en el contexto colombiano. Authoritarianism is widely used construct to study political behaviors.For its measurement, researchers usually use the right authoritarianism scale (RWA), which has variations in its psychometric properties according to each context. In this article we translate and adapt a reduced version of RWA to the Colombian context. In two studies (NStudy1=417; NStudy2=396), we identified three dimensions: authoritarian-aggression, authoritarian-submission,and conventionalism. We also found that RWA was positively associated with: social dominance, dehumanization of the adversary, support for conflict, patriotism, sexism, homophobia and the prohibition of social policies considered liberal (e.g., abortion, equal marriage, euthanasia). Empirical evidence is provided in favor of the psychometric properties of the RWA scale in the Colombian context

scholarly journals Data on Orientation to Happiness in Higher Education Institutions from Mexico and El Salvador

Data ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 27
Author(s):  
Domingo Villavicencio-Aguilar ◽  
Edgardo René Chacón-Andrade ◽  
Maria Fernanda Durón-Ramos
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
El Salvador ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Higher Education Institutions ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Stepwise Multiple Regression ◽  
Teacher Student ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Student’S T

Happiness-oriented people are vital in every society; this is a construct formed by three different types of happiness: pleasure, meaning, and engagement, and it is considered as an indicator of mental health. This study aims to provide data on the levels of orientation to happiness in higher-education teachers and students. The present paper contains data about the perception of this positive aspect in two Latin American countries, Mexico and El Salvador. Structure instruments to measure the orientation to happiness were administrated to 397 teachers and 260 students. This data descriptor presents descriptive statistics (mean, standard deviation), internal consistency (Cronbach’s alpha), and differences (Student’s t-test) presented by country, population (teacher/student), and gender of their orientation to happiness and its three dimensions: meaning, pleasure, and engagement. Stepwise-multiple-regression-analysis results are also presented. Results indicated that participants from both countries reported medium–high levels of meaning and engagement happiness; teachers reported higher levels than those of students in these two dimensions. Happiness resulting from pleasure activities was the least reported in general. Males and females presented very similar levels of orientation to happiness. Only the population (teacher/student) showed a predictive relationship with orientation to happiness; however, the model explained a small portion of variance in this variable, which indicated that other factors are more critical when promoting orientation to happiness in higher-education institutions.

scholarly journals Free partition functions and an averaged holographic duality

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nima Afkhami-Jeddi ◽  
Henry Cohn ◽  
Thomas Hartman ◽  
Amirhossein Tajdini
Keyword(s):  
Partition Function ◽  
Spectral Gap ◽  
Central Charge ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Partition Functions ◽  
General Constraints ◽  
Dimensional Gravity ◽  
Holographic Duality

Abstract We study the torus partition functions of free bosonic CFTs in two dimensions. Integrating over Narain moduli defines an ensemble-averaged free CFT. We calculate the averaged partition function and show that it can be reinterpreted as a sum over topologies in three dimensions. This result leads us to conjecture that an averaged free CFT in two dimensions is holographically dual to an exotic theory of three-dimensional gravity with U(1)c×U(1)c symmetry and a composite boundary graviton. Additionally, for small central charge c, we obtain general constraints on the spectral gap of free CFTs using the spinning modular bootstrap, construct examples of Narain compactifications with a large gap, and find an analytic bootstrap functional corresponding to a single self-dual boson.

Turbulent three-dimensional dielectric electrohydrodynamic convection between two plates

2012 ◽  
Vol 696 ◽  
pp. 228-262 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Kourmatzis ◽  
J. S. Shrimpton
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Data ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Reynolds Numbers ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Energy Budgets ◽  
Turbulent Regime ◽  
Scalar Flux ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Scalar Variance

AbstractThe fundamental mechanisms responsible for the creation of electrohydrodynamically driven roll structures in free electroconvection between two plates are analysed with reference to traditional Rayleigh–Bénard convection (RBC). Previously available knowledge limited to two dimensions is extended to three-dimensions, and a wide range of electric Reynolds numbers is analysed, extending into a fully inherently three-dimensional turbulent regime. Results reveal that structures appearing in three-dimensional electrohydrodynamics (EHD) are similar to those observed for RBC, and while two-dimensional EHD results bear some similarities with the three-dimensional results there are distinct differences. Analysis of two-point correlations and integral length scales show that full three-dimensional electroconvection is more chaotic than in two dimensions and this is also noted by qualitatively observing the roll structures that arise for both low (${\mathit{Re}}_{E} = 1$) and high electric Reynolds numbers (up to ${\mathit{Re}}_{E} = 120$). Furthermore, calculations of mean profiles and second-order moments along with energy budgets and spectra have examined the validity of neglecting the fluctuating electric field ${ E}_{i}^{\ensuremath{\prime} } $ in the Reynolds-averaged EHD equations and provide insight into the generation and transport mechanisms of turbulent EHD. Spectral and spatial data clearly indicate how fluctuating energy is transferred from electrical to hydrodynamic forms, on moving through the domain away from the charging electrode. It is shown that ${ E}_{i}^{\ensuremath{\prime} } $ is not negligible close to the walls and terms acting as sources and sinks in the turbulent kinetic energy, turbulent scalar flux and turbulent scalar variance equations are examined. Profiles of hydrodynamic terms in the budgets resemble those in the literature for RBC; however there are terms specific to EHD that are significant, indicating that the transfer of energy in EHD is also attributed to further electrodynamic terms and a strong coupling exists between the charge flux and variance, due to the ionic drift term.

scholarly journals What is a firm? A reply to Jean-Philippe Robé

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Simon Deakin ◽  
David Gindis ◽  
Geoffrey M. Hodgson
Keyword(s):  
Theory Of The Firm ◽  
Recent Book ◽  
Everyday Language ◽  
Modern Capitalism ◽  
Legal Foundations ◽  
Common Parlance ◽  
The Law ◽  
Business Entities ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Way

Abstract In his recent book on Property, Power and Politics, Jean-Philippe Robé makes a strong case for the need to understand the legal foundations of modern capitalism. He also insists that it is important to distinguish between firms and corporations. We agree. But Robé criticizes our definition of firms in terms of legally recognized capacities on the grounds that it does not take the distinction seriously enough. He argues that firms are not legally recognized as such, as the law only knows corporations. This argument, which is capable of different interpretations, leads to the bizarre result that corporations are not firms. Using etymological and other evidence, we show that firms are treated as legally constituted business entities in both common parlance and legal discourse. The way the law defines firms and corporations, while the product of a discourse which is in many ways distinct from everyday language, has such profound implications for the way firms operate in practice that no institutional theory of the firm worthy of the name can afford to ignore it.

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