scholarly journals Policies Are Needed to Increase the Reach and Impact of Evidence-Based Parenting Supports

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frances L. Doyle ◽  
Alina Morawska ◽  
Daryl J. Higgins ◽  
Sophie S. Havighurst ◽  
Trevor G. Mazzucchelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Physical Health ◽  
Change Agents ◽  
Population Level ◽  
Child And Adolescent ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Parental Wellbeing ◽  
Parents And Children ◽  
Essential Change ◽  
Mental And Physical Health

Parents can be essential change-agents in their children’s lives. To support parents in their parenting role, a range of programs have been developed and evaluated. In this paper, we provide an overview of the evidence for the effectiveness of parenting interventions for parents and children across a range of outcomes, including child and adolescent mental and physical health, child and adolescent competencies and academic outcomes, parental skills and competencies, parental wellbeing and mental health, and prevention of child maltreatment and family violence. Although there is extensive research showing the effectiveness of evidence-based parenting programs, these are not yet widely available at a population level and many parents are unable to access support. We outline how to achieve increased reach of evidence-based parenting supports, highlighting the policy imperative to adequately support the use of these supports as a way to address high priority mental health, physical health, and social problems.

Comparing the Health of Transgender Women, Transgender Men, and Gender Non-Conforming Individuals Using Population-Level Data

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arryn A. Guy ◽  
Wren Yoder ◽  
Kelly Manser ◽  
Stephen D. Ramos ◽  
Steve N. Du Bois
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Physical Health ◽  
Healthcare Access ◽  
Population Level ◽  
Transgender Women ◽  
Level Data ◽  
Race Ethnicity ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Mental And Physical Health ◽  
Transgender Men

Converging evidence indicates transgender and gender non-conforming (TGNC) individuals generally experience poorer health than their cisgender counterparts. Less is known about TGNC health across gender identity subgroups. Extant work has yielded mixed findings, precluding conclusions regarding the comparative health of transgender women, transgender men, and gender non-conforming individuals. Additionally, this work is limited methodologically, e.g., utilizing convenience samples and operationalizing “transgender” differently across studies. This study aims to improve upon these limitations, and more broadly add to the literature on within-group health differences among TGNC individuals. We used 2016 U.S. population-level data (N = 1,117), conducting MANCOVA (multivariate analysis of covariance) and logistic regression to compare the health of transgender women, transgender men, and GNC individuals. Health outcomes of mental and physical health, substance use, and healthcare access/utilization were selected based on empirical and theoretical support for their relevance to TGNC health. We also completed interaction analyses to test the intersectional effects on health of gender identity and emergent sociodemographic variables, e.g. race/ethnicity. Across TGNC subgroups, individuals reported similar alcohol use, mental health, and healthcare access/utilization. Transgender men reported worse physical health than their counterparts, and GNC individuals reported lower smoking prevalence than their counterparts. Interaction analyses by race/ethnicity indicated Hispanic transgender women reported worse physical health than other Hispanic TGNC individuals, while Black transgender men, Multiracial GNC individuals, and Hispanic transgender women reported worse mental health than some of their intra-racial/ethnic TGNC counterparts. Findings add to the growing literature on TGNC health and highlight TGNC subgroups that may be vulnerable regarding mental and physical health.

The impact of economic crisis on mental and physical health in Italy

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (02) ◽  
pp. 103-110
Author(s):  
S. Tomassi ◽  
M. Ruggeri
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Physical Health ◽  
Economic Crisis ◽  
Social Determinants ◽  
Great Recession ◽  
Economic Recession ◽  
Behavioural Disorders ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Mental And Physical Health

Summary Background: The global crisis that began in 2007 has been the most prolonged economic recession since 1929. It has caused worldwide tangible costs in terms of cuts in employment and income, which have been widely recognised also as major social determinants of mental health (1, 2). The so-called “Great Recession” has disproportionately affected the most vulnerable part of society of the whole Eurozone (3). Across Europe, an increase in suicides and deaths rates due to mental and behavioural disorders was reported among those who lost their jobs, houses and economic activities as a consequence of the crisis.

scholarly journals Holistic Health: Does It Really Include Mental Health?

2006 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 2092-2099 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kimberly K. McClanahan ◽  
Marlene B. Huff ◽  
Hatim A. Omar
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Illness ◽  
Physical Health ◽  
The United States ◽  
Holistic Health ◽  
Public Perceptions ◽  
The Past ◽  
Mind And Body ◽  
Mental And Physical Health ◽  
The U.S

Holistic health, incorporating mind and body as equally important and unified components of health, is a concept utilized in some health care arenas in the United States (U.S.) over the past 30 years. However, in the U.S., mental health is not seen as conceptually integral to physical health and, thus, holistic health cannot be realized until the historical concept of mind-body dualism, continuing stigma regarding mental illness, lack of mental health parity in insurance, and inaccurate public perceptions regarding mental illness are adequately addressed and resolved. Until then, mental and physical health will continue to be viewed as disparate entities rather than parts of a unified whole. We conclude that the U.S. currently does not generally incorporate the tenets of holistic health in its view of the mental and physical health of its citizens, and provide some suggestions for changing that viewpoint.

scholarly journals The cost of mental and physical health disability in childhood and adolescence to families in the UK: findings from a repeated cross-sectional survey using propensity score matching

BMJ Open ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. e018729 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesca Solmi ◽  
Mariya Melnychuk ◽  
Stephen Morris
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Physical Health ◽  
Childhood And Adolescence ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Family ◽  
Additional Costs ◽  
The Uk ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Mental And Physical Health

ObjectiveIn the UK, families of disabled children are entitled to receive disability benefits to help meet costs associated with caring for their child. Evidence of actual costs incurred is scant, especially for mental health disability. In this study, we aimed to quantify the cost of mental and physical health disability in childhood and adolescence to families in the UK using the concept of compensating variation (CV).DesignRepeated cross-sectional survey.SettingThe UK general populationParticipants85 212 children drawn from 8 waves of the Family Resources Survey.OutcomesUsing propensity score matching we matched families with a disabled child to similar families without a disabled child and calculated the extra income the former require to achieve the same living standards as the latter, that is, their CV. We calculated the additional costs specifically associated with several definitions of mental health and physical health disability.ResultsFamilies of a child with any mental health disability, regardless of the presence of physical health comorbidity, needed an additional £49.31 (95% CI: 21.95 to 76.67) and, for more severe disabilities, an additional £57.56 (95% CI: 17.69 to 97.44) per week to achieve the same living standards of families without a disabled child. This difference was greater for more deprived families, who needed between £59.28 (95% CI: 41.38 to 77.18) and £81.26 (95% CI: 53.35 to 109.38) more per week depending on the extent of mental health disability. Families of children with physical health disabilities, with or without mental health disabilities, required an additional £35.86 (95% CI: 13.77 to 57.96) per week, with economically deprived families requiring an extra £42.18 (95% CI: 26.38 to 57.97) per week.ConclusionsMental and physical health disabilities among children and adolescents were associated with high additional costs for the family, especially for those from deprived economic backgrounds. Means testing could help achieve a more equitable redistribution of disability benefit.

scholarly journals Physical Health Profile and Associated Behavior During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Patients With Bipolar Disorder

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jon Dyg Sperling ◽  
Nina Dalkner ◽  
Christina Berndt ◽  
Eva Fleischmann ◽  
Michaela Ratzenhofer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Physical Health ◽  
Public Mental Health ◽  
Brief Symptom Inventory ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Healthy Control ◽  
Mental And Physical Health

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has led to an increased psychological strain on public mental health and may impact behavioral, mental, and physical health, presumably with effects on patients with severe mental disorders. This study examines pandemic-related physical and mental health and (compensatory) behavioral changes, in patients with BD as compared to healthy control individuals.Method: Physical and mental health and self-reported changes in daily structure and behavior due to the pandemic were assessed using a self-constructed questionnaire and the brief symptom inventory (BSI) in Germany, Austria, and Denmark in individuals with BD and a healthy control group.Results: The present study included 118 individuals with BD and 215 healthy controls. Individuals with BD reported statistically significant higher physical risk burden, increased weight gain, more physical comorbidities, and a decrease in physical activity and they further reported higher rates of COVID-19 testing, had more worries concerning health, and experienced more anxiety but less social distancing.Conclusion: The COVID-19 pandemic seems to have a greater impact on physical health in individuals with BD than in healthy controls. Individuals with BD appear to be having more difficulties compensating their behavior due to the pandemic which could amplify the effect of risk factors associated with poorer physical health. This highlights the necessity for optimizing and targeting the overall treatment of both mental and physical health in patients with BD during periods with far-reaching changes such as the COVID-19 pandemic.Limitations: Sampling issues and self-report forms, selectivity (missing elderly, and those lacking access or knowledge of technology).

scholarly journals Positivity in Mental and Physical Health

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Urvashi Sharma ◽  
Dr. Ravindra Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Physical Health ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Weight Ratio ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Good Mental Health ◽  
Physical Wellbeing ◽  
Good Nutrition ◽  
Mental And Physical Health

Health is a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity. Mental health refers to our overall psychological well-being. It includes the way we feel about our self, the quality of our relationships, and our ability to manage our feelings and deal with difficulties. Good mental health isn’t just the absence of mental health problems. People who are emotionally or mentally healthy are in control of their emotions and their behavior. They are able to handle life’s challenges, build strong relationships, and recover from setbacks. Positive mental health is a state of well-being in which we realize our abilities, can cope with life’s normal stresses, and can work regularly and productively. Physical health means a good body health, which is healthy because of regular physical activity, good nutrition, and adequate rest. Physical health can be determined by considering someone’s height/weight ratio, their Body Mass Index. Another term for physical health is physical wellbeing. Physical wellbeing is defined as something a person can achieve by developing all health-related components of his/her lifestyle. It can be concluded that mental and physical health is fundamentally linked. There are multiple associations between mental health and chronic physical conditions that significantly impact people’s quality of life. Just as physical fitness helps our bodies to stay strong, mental fitness helps us to achieve and sustain a state of good mental health. When we are mentally healthy, we enjoy our life and environment, and the people in it.

scholarly journals Student, teacher, and caregiver perceptions on implementing mental health interventions in Ugandan schools

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 263348952110512
Author(s):  
Catherine Carlson ◽  
Sophie Namy ◽  
Janet Nakuti ◽  
Laura Mufson ◽  
Carin Ikenberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
School Culture ◽  
Violence Prevention ◽  
Prevention Program ◽  
Adolescent Mental Health ◽  
Child And Adolescent ◽  
Health Interventions ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Mental Health Interventions ◽  
Violence Prevention Program

Background The vast majority of children and adolescents in low and middle-income countries (LMICs) lack access to interventions for mental health problems. Schools provide a critical platform for evidence-based intervention delivery for young people. However, a significant need exists to understand the implementation context and strategies for delivering school mental health interventions in LMICs. Methods We conducted a focused ethnography to explore students’, teachers’, and caregivers’ perspectives on implementing evidence-based mental health interventions (EBIs) within a widespread violence prevention program in Uganda. Data collection occurred in Kampala, Uganda, using two schools that have previously implemented an evidence-based violence prevention program widely used in Ugandan schools schools, the Good School Toolkit (GST). Trained, local researchers facilitated four focus group discussions (FGDs) with caregivers ( n = 22), four FGDs with teachers ( n = 25), and in-depth interviews with primary school students ( n = 12). Verbatim transcripts were analyzed using a framework analysis approach. Results Participants revealed a school culture that promotes schools’ responsibility to students beyond academics, including positive teacher–student relationships. Participants recommended an implementation process that trains teachers and students in screening and referral, peer group delivery, and is accompanied by a school-wide approach to stigma reduction and mental health literacy. Participants fundamentally agreed that teachers could be trained as intervention facilitators. Conclusions This study highlights the potential advantage of leveraging an existing intervention that already addresses implementation factors, such as school culture, as a fertile platform for implementing interventions for child and adolescent mental health in LMICs. Plain language abstract Despite the growth of implementation research for child and adolescent mental health, the study of implementation science for child and adolescent mental health in low and middle-income countries (LMICs) remains scarce. Schools provide a critical platform for evidence-based intervention delivery for young people. However, a significant need exists to understand the implementation context and strategies for delivering school mental health interventions in LMICs. This study provides rich qualitative data describing the context and influences for the successful implementation of mental health interventions in LMIC schools. We conducted interviews and focus groups with teachers, students, and caregivers to determine their perspectives on implementing evidence-based mental health interventions (EBIs) within a widespread violence prevention program in Uganda. Participants revealed a school culture promoted by the existing program that promotes schools’ responsibility to students beyond academics, including positive teacher–student relationships. Findings suggest the existing program provides fertile ground for the successful implementation of evidence-based mental health interventions in schools.

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