scholarly journals Evaluation of how well different pure-tone threshold and visual acuity measures reflect self-reported sensory ability and treatment uptake: An analysis of the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Mick ◽  
Anni Hämäläinen ◽  
M Kathleen Pichora-Fuller ◽  
Natalie Phillips ◽  
Walter Wittich
Keyword(s):  
Visual Acuity ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Receiver Operating Characteristic Curves ◽  
Hearing Aid Use ◽  
Self Reports ◽  
Epidemiology Studies ◽  
Clinical Measures ◽  
Sectional Analysis

In epidemiology studies, researchers may choose to use summary scores of hearing or visionbased on self-report or clinical measures. Self-report and clinical measures may yield differentclassifications. Of the possible clinical measures, there is no consensus regarding which puretonethreshold average (PTA) or visual acuity (VA) measures are optimal. We aimed todetermine how well different PTAs and VA measures predicted self-reported measures ofsensory function. A cross-sectional analysis of 30,097 Canadians aged 45-85 years participatingin wave 1 of the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging in 2012-2015 was performed. Wecalculated the area under the receiver operating characteristic curves (AUC) for 9 different PTAsand 6 different VA measures. In the analysis of the PTAs, the classifiers used as comparatorsincluded self-reports of hearing and hearing aid use. In the analysis of the VA measures,comparators were self-reports of vision, and corrective lens use. The top-ranked PTA was thebinaural mid-frequency PTA (i.e., the average of hearing thresholds at 1000, 2000, 3000 and4000 Hz in both ears). The top-ranked VA measure was the average pinhole-corrected VA inboth eyes. These measures are not commonly used, but should be considered for epidemiologicalresearch.

scholarly journals Retinal microvascular parameters are not associated with diabetes in the Northern Ireland Cohort for the Longitudinal Study of Ageing

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachael Ann O’Neill ◽  
Alexander Peter Maxwell ◽  
Frank Kee ◽  
Ian Young ◽  
Bernadette McGuinness ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Northern Ireland ◽  
Glycated Haemoglobin ◽  
Haemoglobin A1c ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Retinal Microvasculature ◽  
Diabetes Status ◽  
Automated Software ◽  
Sectional Analysis

Abstract Background The retinal microvasculature offers unique non-invasive evaluation of systemic microvascular abnormalities. Previous studies reported associations between retinal microvascular parameters (RMPs) and diabetes. The aim of this study was to assess associations between RMPs and diabetes in a cross-sectional analysis of older persons from the Northern Ireland Cohort for the Longitudinal Study of Ageing (NICOLA). Methods RMPs (central retinal arteriolar/venular equivalents, arteriolar to venular ratio, fractal dimension, and tortuosity) were measured from optic disc-centred fundus images using semi-automated software. Associations were assessed between RMPs and diabetes status with adjustment for potential confounders. Results Data were included for 1762 participants with 209 classified as having diabetes. Participants had a mean age of 62.1 ± 8.5 years, and 54% were female. As expected, participants with diabetes had significantly higher mean glycated haemoglobin A1c compared to participants without diabetes (57.4 ± 17.6 mmol/mol versus 37.0 ± 4.2 mmol/mol, respectively). In unadjusted and minimally adjusted regression, arteriolar to venular ratio, arteriolar tortuosity and venular tortuosity were significantly associated with diabetes (minimally adjusted odds ratio [OR] = 0.85; 95% confidence intervals [CIs] 0.73, 0.99; P = 0.04, OR = 1.18; 95% CI 1.02, 1.37; P = 0.03 and OR = 1.20; 95% CI 1.04, 1.38; P = 0.01, respectively), although all failed to remain significant following adjustment for potential confounders. No additional associations between other RMPs and diabetes were detected. Conclusion Despite previously reported associations between diabetes and RMPs, our study failed to corroborate these associations in an older community-based cohort.

scholarly journals Screening for Depressive Mood During Acute Chikungunya Infection in Primary Healthcare Settings

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (11) ◽  
pp. 2552
Author(s):  
Efrén Murillo-Zamora ◽  
Oliver Mendoza-Cano ◽  
Benjamín Trujillo-Hernández ◽  
Xóchitl Trujillo ◽  
Miguel Huerta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Models ◽  
Depressive Mood ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Chikv Infection ◽  
Multicenter Cohort Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Healthcare Settings ◽  
Frequent Event ◽  
Patient Health ◽  
Sectional Analysis

Background: We aimed to screen for depressive mood experienced during acute chikungunya (CHIKV) infection, and to evaluate the association of several exposures with the risk of depressive symptoms. Methods: A cross-sectional analysis of a multicenter cohort study took place and data from 354 adult individuals with confirmed CHIKV infection were analyzed. Participants were recruited in primary health care settings and the Patient Health Questionnaire-2 (PHQ-2) was used. Prevalence odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) estimated by means of logistic models were used. Results: Depressive mood (PHQ-2 score 3 or higher) was reported by 44.1% of individuals. Subjects with articular effusion (OR = 3.37, 95% CI 1.77–8.11), gastrointestinal manifestations (diarrhea, vomiting or abdominal pain, OR = 1.97, 95 CI 1.21–3.19), and higher length of severe arthralgia (reference ≤ 14 days: 15–30 days, OR = 3.38, 95% CI 1.78–6.41; ≥ 30 days, OR = 1.69, 95% CI 0.95–3.01) were more likely to self-report depressive mood. Increasing age (≥ 40 years old, OR = 0.55, 95% CI 0.31–0.95) and rash (OR = 0.54, 95% CI 0.30–0.98) were associated with a decreased risk of depressive mood. Conclusions: Depressive mood seemed to be a frequent event among analyzed individuals, and markers associated with its risk were identified.

Thyrotropin levels are associated with chronic kidney disease among healthy subjects in cross-sectional analysis of the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil)

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (6) ◽  
pp. 1035-1043 ◽  
Author(s):  
Érique José F. Peixoto de Miranda ◽  
Márcio Sommer Bittencourt ◽  
Alessandra C. Goulart ◽  
Itamar S. Santos ◽  
Silvia Maria de Oliveira Titan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Adult Health ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Cross Sectional Analysis ◽  
Sectional Analysis

scholarly journals Overweight, obesity and fat distribution in 50- to 64-year-old participants in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC)

2002 ◽  
Vol 5 (6b) ◽  
pp. 1147-1162 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Haftenberger ◽  
PH Lahmann ◽  
S Panico ◽  
CA Gonzalez ◽  
JC Seidell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fat Distribution ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Anthropometric Measures ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Strong Base ◽  
Self Reports ◽  
Prevalence Of Obesity ◽  
Trained Observers ◽  
Sectional Analysis ◽  
Prospective Investigation

AbstractObjective:To describe anthropometric characteristics of participants of the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC).Design:A cross-sectional analysis of baseline data of a European prospective cohort study.Subjects:This analysis includes study populations from 25 centres in nine European countries. The British populations comprised both a population-based and a ‘health-conscious’ group. The analysis was restricted to 83 178 men and 163 851 women aged 50–64 years, this group being represented in all centres.Methods:Anthropometric examinations were undertaken by trained observers using standardised methods and included measurements of weight, height, and waist and hip circumferences. In the ‘health-conscious’ group (UK), anthropometric measures were predicted from self-reports.Results:Except in the ‘health-conscious’ group (UK) and in the French centres, mean body mass index (BMI) exceeded 25.0 kg m-2. The prevalence of obesity (BMI≥30 kg m-2) varied from 8% to 40% in men, and from 5% to 53% in women, with high prevalences (>25%) in the centres from Spain, Greece, Ragusa and Naples (Italy) and the lowest prevalences (<10%) in the French centres and the ‘health-conscious’ group (UK). The prevalence of a large waist circumference or a high waist-to-hip ratio was high in centres from Spain, Greece, Ragusa and Naples (Italy) and among women from centres in Germany and Bilthoven (The Netherlands).Conclusions:Anthropometric measures varied considerably within the EPIC population. These data provide a strong base for further investigation of anthropometric measures in relation to the risk of chronic diseases, especially cancer.

scholarly journals Omega 3 Consumption and Anxiety Disorders: A Cross-Sectional Analysis of the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil)

Nutrients ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 663 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lara Natacci ◽  
Dirce M. Marchioni ◽  
Alessandra C. Goulart ◽  
Maria Nunes ◽  
Arlinda B. Moreno ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Anxiety Disorders ◽  
Adult Health ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Cross Sectional Analysis ◽  
Sectional Analysis
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