scholarly journals The Role of Control in Intimate Partner Violence: A study in Dutch Forensic outpatients

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruno Verschuere ◽  
joan van horn ◽  
nannet buitelaar
Keyword(s):  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Sexual Coercion ◽  
Strong Association ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Psychological Aggression ◽  
Physical Assault ◽  
Violence Risk ◽  
Coercive Control

Johnson (1995) argued that coercive control is crucial in explaining heterogeneity in intimate partner violence, with such violence being more frequent, less reciprocal, and more often male-to-female aggression when it serves to exercise control over the partner. We assessed 280 Dutch forensic outpatients who had recently engaged in intimate partner violence on non-aggressive coercive control. Control showed significant, small to moderate, associations with more frequent past year acts of psychological aggression, physical assault, sexual coercion and more frequently resulted in partner injury. Control was unrelated to reciprocity of partner violence. High controlling violence was enacted mostly, but not exclusively by men. Overall, while perhaps not having a uniquely strong association, our findings provide partial support for the role of coercive control in intimate partner violence, and suggest it may benefit intimate partner violence risk assessment.

The Role of Objectification in the Victimization and Perpetration of Intimate Partner Violence

2018 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-39
Author(s):  
Melissa R. Jonnson ◽  
Jennifer I. Langille ◽  
Zach Walsh
Keyword(s):  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Sexual Coercion ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
The Other ◽  
Psychological Aggression ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Physical Assault ◽  
Gender Similarities ◽  
Self Objectification

Intimate partner violence (IPV) is a substantial health concern and identifying risk factors for IPV is a research priority. We examined the relationship between severe IPV and objectification of the self and other sex across participant sex. A sample of 1,005 male and female university students completed a series of online questionnaires that measure levels of self-objectification, objectification of the other sex, and histories of severe IPV victimization and perpetration. Self-objectification was associated with severe psychological aggression, physical assault, and sexual coercion victimization in females, but not in males. Objectification of the other sex was associated with severe psychological aggression and physical assault perpetration in males, but not in females. These findings contribute to our understanding of gender similarities and differences in IPV.

The Involvement of Children in Postseparation Intimate Partner Violence in Italy: A Strategy to Maintain Coercive Control?

Affilia ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 481-497
Author(s):  
Mariachiara Feresin ◽  
Federica Bastiani ◽  
Lucia Beltramini ◽  
Patrizia Romito
Keyword(s):  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Coercive Control ◽  
Multimethod Research ◽  
Complex Design ◽  
Qualitative Part ◽  
Depth Interviews

Violence against women often continues after couples separate. Although the involvement of children in intimate partner violence is known, no study has investigated the role of children in postseparation violence in southern Europe. The aim of this study was to analyze male perpetrators’ strategies to maintain control over the woman after couples separate and the involvement of children in this process. We designed a multimethod research with a sample of women attending five anti-violence centers in Italy: In the quantitative part, women were interviewed with a questionnaire ( N = 151) at baseline and followed up 18 months later ( N = 91); in the qualitative part, in-depth interviews were carried out with women ( N = 13) attending the same centers. Results showed that women experienced high levels of violence and that children were deeply involved. When women with children were no longer living with the violence perpetrator, threats, violence, manipulation, and controlling behaviors occurred during father–child contacts: 78.9% of women in the longitudinal survey and all women in the qualitative study reported at least one of these unsettling behaviors. The qualitative study allowed for discovering some specific perpetrator strategies. Making the woman feel guilty, threatening, denigrating, and impoverishing her; preventing her from living a normal life; and trying to destroy the mother–child bond were key elements of a complex design aimed at maintaining coercive control over the ex-partner. Results from this multimethod study provided a deeper understanding of the mechanisms of coercive control and postseparation violence and how perpetrators use children to fulfill their aims.

Intimate Partner Violence and Body Shame: An Examination of the Associations Between Abuse Components and Body-Focused Processes

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (12-13) ◽  
pp. 1538-1554
Author(s):  
Terri L. Weaver ◽  
Noel M. Elrod ◽  
Katherine Kelton
Keyword(s):  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
African American Women ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Sexual Coercion ◽  
Psychological Abuse ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Body Shame ◽  
Physical Assault ◽  
Mediation Analyses ◽  
Self Objectification

Intimate partner violence (IPV) is a stigmatizing, interpersonal violation with elements that confer risk for body shame. This study examined the role of body-focused processes (i.e., self-objectification and body surveillance) in the development of body shame within a sample of 61 primarily African American women, exposed to moderate to severe IPV. Severity of sexual coercion, physical assault, and psychological abuse were significantly associated with increased body shame and self-objectification. Mediation analyses revealed that self-objectification was a unique mediator of the relationship between psychological abuse, physical assault, sexual coercion, and body shame. Implications for women’s health care experiences are discussed.

Pregnant Adolescents As Perpetrators and Victims of Intimate Partner Violence

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (13-14) ◽  
pp. 2492-2510 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruth S. Buzi ◽  
Peggy B. Smith ◽  
Claudia A. Kozinetz ◽  
Constance M. Wiemann
Keyword(s):  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Community Violence ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Health And Safety ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Physical Punishment ◽  
Psychological Aggression ◽  
Physical Assault ◽  
Pregnant Adolescents ◽  
Perpetrators And Victims

The role of pregnant adolescents as perpetrators of intimate partner violence (IPV) is not well understood. Socioecological factors associated with IPV (physical assault and injury, and psychological aggression) perpetrated by pregnant adolescents and the association between IPV and attitudes toward the use of physical punishment to discipline children were examined among 246 pregnant adolescents. Pregnant adolescents were more likely to report perpetrating both physical assault (24%) and psychological aggression (52.7%) than being the recipient (12.2% and 38.6%, respectively) and having been physically injured (7%) than inflicting injury (4.1%). Risk factors for perpetrating physical assault included prior assault by partner, being African American, exposure to community violence, being in trouble with the police, and multiple lifetime drug use. IPV perpetrators had more favorable attitudes toward the use of physical punishment. Interventions should address IPV and parenting attitudes in young couples to maximize the health and safety of both mother and unborn child.

scholarly journals CONSUMPTION OF ALCOHOL AND TOBACCO BY WOMEN AND THE OCCURRENCE OF VIOLENCE BY INTIMATE PARTNER

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caique Veloso ◽  
Claudete Ferreira de Souza Monteiro
Keyword(s):  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Violence Against Women ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Sexual Coercion ◽  
Tobacco Consumption ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Psychological Aggression ◽  
Bivariate Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Partner Violence Against Women

ABSTRACT Objective: to analyze the consumption of alcohol and tobacco by women and the occurrence of intimate partner violence against women. Method: a cross-sectional and analytical study with 369 women in the age group of 20 to 59 years, attended in Basic Health Units of five municipalities of Piaui, Brazil. The instruments used in data collection were Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test, Non-Student Drugs Use Questionnaire and Revised Conflict Tactics Scales. Data were analyzed according to descriptive statistics and bivariate analysis with Pearson's chi-square test and logistic regression. Results: the overall prevalence of intimate partner violence against women was 64.0%, 61.5% of whom were victims of psychological aggression, 33.6% of physical abuse and 17.1% of sexual coercion. In addition, 50.1% and 17.9% of the women reported alcohol and tobacco consumption, respectively, which were statistically associated with the occurrence of intimate partner violence. Alcohol consumption increased by 2.15 times the chance of intimate partner raping (p=0.001, 95% CI=1.37-3.38), while smoking increased this chance by 2.04 times (p=0.038, 95% CI=1.04-4.00). Conclusion: high prevalence of alcohol and tobacco use by women and intimate partner violence were identified. In addition, it was found that the consumption of these substances by women is a risk factor associated with the occurrence of intimate partner violence in the female universe.

scholarly journals PARENTAL ATTACHMENT AND PHYSICAL INTIMATE PARTNER VIOLENCE IN YOUNG ADULTS: MEDIATIONAL ROLE OF DYSFUNCTIONAL ATTITUDES

2020 ◽  
pp. 241-252
Author(s):  
Chloe Cherrier ◽  
◽  
Catherine Potard ◽  
Alice Richard ◽  
Emmanuel Rusch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Attachment Styles ◽  
Parental Attachment ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Dysfunctional Attitudes ◽  
Physical Assault ◽  
Physical Intimate Partner Violence

Introduction. Physical Intimate Partner violence (PIPV)is a prevalent problem throughout the world, withserious negative impactsfor the victims. A great deal of research is aimed at identifying vulnerability and protective factors among victims. Previous studies have associated PIPVvictimization with insecureparental attachment. However, little is known about the role of dysfunctional attitudes(DA)in Intimate Partner Violence (IPV). This study aimed to evaluate DA as a mediator between parental attachment and PIPV victimization of young adults. Methods.Self-report questionnaires were completed by 915 young French adults to assess their attachment styles, DA (related to sociotropy and autonomy), andhistory of physical assault. Results. Twohundred and six participants (21.1%) reported having beenvictims of PIPV. Path analyses confirmed the indirect effect of DA in the relationship between parental attachment styles and PIPV victimizationin young adults. DA related to sociotropy appearedto be a partial mediator of attachment to the mother and PIPV victimization,while DA related to autonomy appearedto be a partial mediator of attachment to the father and PIPVvictimization.Conclusion. Insecureparental attachment is associated with more DAand a risk of PIPVvictimization in emerging adulthood.

Intimate Partner Violence and Animal Abuse in an Immigrant-Rich Sample of Mother–Child Dyads Recruited From Domestic Violence Programs

2015 ◽  
Vol 33 (6) ◽  
pp. 1030-1047 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christie A. Hartman ◽  
Tina Hageman ◽  
James Herbert Williams ◽  
Frank R. Ascione
Keyword(s):  
Domestic Violence ◽  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Mexican Immigrants ◽  
The United States ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Psychological Aggression ◽  
Physical Assault ◽  
Animal Abuse ◽  
Increased Risk

We examined rates of animal abuse in pet-owning families experiencing intimate partner violence (IPV). We also examined whether higher levels of IPV (as measured by subscales from the Conflict Tactics Scales) predicted increased risk for partner-perpetrated animal abuse. Our sample included 291 mother–child dyads, where the mothers sought services from domestic violence agencies. Nearly half the sample is comprised of Mexican immigrants. Mothers reported that 11.7% of partners threatened to harm a pet and 26.1% actually harmed a pet, the latter of which represents a lower rate than in similar studies. When examining animal abuse by “Hispanic status,” follow-up analyses revealed significant omnibus differences between groups, in that non-Hispanic U.S.-born partners (mostly White) displayed higher rates of harming pets (41%) than either U.S.-born or Mexican-born Hispanic groups (27% and 12.5%, respectively). Differences in rates for only threatening (but not harming) pets were not significant, possibly due to a small number of partners ( n = 32) in this group. When examining whether partners’ IPV predicted only threatening to harm pets, no IPV subscale variables (Physical Assault, Psychological Aggression, Injury, or Sexual Coercion) were significant after controlling for income, education, and Hispanic status. When examining actual harm to pets, more Psychological Aggression and less Physical Assault significantly predicted slightly higher risk of harm. However, Mexican-born partners had nearly 4 times lower risk of harming a pet. Overall, these results suggest that Hispanic men who are perpetrators of IPV are less likely to harm pets than non-Hispanic perpetrators of IPV, particularly if Mexican-born. Considering that the United States has a significant proportion of Mexican immigrants, it may be worthwhile to explore the topics of IPV and animal abuse within this group.

Coercive Control and the Stay–Leave Decision: The Role of Latent Tactics Among a Sample of Abused Pregnant Women

2017 ◽  
Vol 32 (5) ◽  
pp. 811-828 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martha Alves ◽  
Sandra Graham-Bermann ◽  
Erin Hunter ◽  
Laura E. Miller-Graff ◽  
Sarah M. Schomer
Keyword(s):  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Qualitative Approach ◽  
Coercive Control ◽  
Assessment Interview ◽  
Violent Relationship

Prior research on intimate partner violence (IPV) and a survivor’s decision whether to remain in or leave a violent relationship has often been framed by the question “why do they stay?” This study looks reframe the discussion and examine one facet of this stay–leave decision: abusers’ use of coercive control tactics. Using a qualitative approach with a sample of pregnant women exposed to IPV, we sought to expand on the current knowledge by looking at coercive control more broadly via an open-ended assessment. Interview responses show that (a) coercive control was experienced by most of the women in this sample and (b) coercion most often took the form of “latent” or hidden control, including such tactics as providing incentives, showing remorse, and making promises. However, such latent coercive tactics are rarely assessed in IPV survivors and represent an important factor deserving of further research and recognition.

Childhood Abuse and Current Intimate Partner Violence: A Population Study in Hong Kong

2016 ◽  
Vol 35 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 233-251 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elsie Yan ◽  
Thanos Karatzias
Keyword(s):  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Physical Abuse ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Psychological Aggression ◽  
Physical Assault ◽  
Witnessing Violence ◽  
Family Disruption ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Life Threatening

Previous studies have established that childhood violence victimization is associated with current experience of intimate partner violence (IPV). Existing literature, however, focused exclusively on female survivors and physical IPV and relied on non-representative samples. The present study examined the associations between life adversities and IPV using a representative sample of 1,239 men and women aged between 18 and 97. Participants provided information on their demographic characteristics, lifetime history of adverse life events, and past year IPV. Results show that IPV is common with 32.8% of the participants having reported past year psychological aggression, 4.5% reported physical abuse, and 1.1% reported injury. Various life adversities were also common with 21.7% having reported family disruption, 6% having experienced abuse or witnessing violence, and 2.1% life-threatening events. Logistic regression analyses revealed that experiencing abuse or witnessing violence in childhood is associated with a greater risk of past year psychological aggression, physical assault, and injury. Results were significant even after controlling for demographics and other life adversities. Family disruption in childhood was associated with increased risk of past year injury, but the association diminished after controlling for the rest of the variables. Experience of life-threatening events was not associated with any form of past year IPV. Altogether, our results point out that childhood victimization, especially physical abuse by parents, is associated with future long-term risk of IPV. This highlights the importance of early prevention and intervention for child abuse.

scholarly journals Magnitudes And Dynamics Of Intimate Partner Violence

2012 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-73
Author(s):  
Kausar Perveen ◽  
Sobia Shahzad ◽  
Samira Baber
Keyword(s):  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Exploratory Study ◽  
Sexual Coercion ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Verbal Aggression ◽  
Physical Assault ◽  
Risk Marker ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Societal Level

Intimate partner violence is the maltreatment and exploitation of one person by another person in the context of close relationship. It may include the behavior such as intimidation; harassment, and persecution, verbal aggression, denial of access to resources, sexual coercion assault, or physical assault or torture. Researchers have explore that intimate partner violence (IPV) can be described as violence committed by a spouse, ex- spouse, current or former girlfriend or boyfriend. The violence can be physical, sexual, psychological/emotional and financial in nature. The present study evens a small attempt to explore and study the association amid different individual, familial and societal level risk marker with intimate partner violence. This is an exploratory study in qualitative manners to analyze this millennium old phenomenon. The paper focuses first on the problems in defining what is meant by intimate partner violence. Secondly, it describes the difficulties in assessing the magnitude and risk factors of the problem. Finally, the paper examines the limitation and bias in legislation to end the problem.

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