With a Little Help From My Friends: Selective Social Potentiation of Emotion Regulation

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Razia Sahi ◽  
Emilia Ninova ◽  
Jennifer A Silvers
Keyword(s):  
Emotion Regulation ◽  
Everyday Life ◽  
Social Functioning ◽  
Social Relationships ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Emotional Stimuli ◽  
Social Buffering ◽  
Present Collection ◽  
Insight Into

Decades of research has pointed to emotion regulation (ER) as a critical ingredient for health, well-being, and social functioning. However, the vast majority of this research has examined emotion regulation in a social vacuum, despite the fact that in everyday life individuals frequently regulate their emotions with help from other people. The present collection of pre-registered studies examined whether social help increases the efficacy of reappraisal, a widely-studied ER strategy that involves changing how one thinks about emotional stimuli. In Study 1 (N = 40 friend pairs), we compared the efficacy of reinterpreting the content of negative stimuli alone (solo ER) to listening to a friend reinterpret the stimuli (social ER). We found that social ER was more effective than solo ER, and that the efficacy of these strategies was correlated within individuals. In Studies 2 and 3, we replicated effects from Study 1, and additionally tested alternate explanations for our findings. In Study 2 (N = 40 individuals), we failed to find evidence that social ER was more effective than solo ER due to a difference in the quality of reinterpretations, and in Study 3 (N = 40 friend pairs), we found that social help did not significantly attenuate negative affect in the absence of reappraisal. In sum, we found that social help selectively potentiates the efficacy of reappraisal, and that this effect was not merely the outcome of social buffering. Together, these results provide insight into how social relationships can directly lend a hand in implementing ER strategies.

Curiosity and Interest: The Benefits of Thriving on Novelty and Challenge

2009 ◽  
pp. 366-374 ◽  
Author(s):  
Todd B. Kashdan ◽  
Paul J. Silvia
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Everyday Life ◽  
Social Relationships ◽  
Positive Emotions ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Scientific Attention

An imbalance exists between the role of curiosity as a motivational force in nearly all human endeavors and the lack of scientific attention given to the topic. In recent years, however, there has been a proliferation of concepts that capture the essence of curiosity—recognizing, seeking out, and showing a preference for the new. In this chapter, we combine this work to address the nature of curiosity, where it fits in the larger scheme of positive emotions, the advantages of being curious in social relationships, links between curiosity and elements of well-being, and how it has been used in interventions to improve people's quality of life. Our emphasis is on methodologically sophisticated findings that show how curiosity operates in the laboratory and everyday life, and how, under certain conditions, curiosity can be a profound source of strength or a liability. People who are regularly curious and willing to embrace the novelty, uncertainty, and challenges that are inevitable as we navigate the shoals of everyday life are at an advantage in creating a fulfilling existence compared with their less curious peers. Our brief review is designed to bring further attention to this neglected, underappreciated, human universal.

Curiosity and Interest

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul J. Silvia ◽  
Todd B. Kashdan
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Individual Differences ◽  
Everyday Life ◽  
Social Relationships ◽  
Positive Emotions ◽  
Well Being

Recent years have seen renewed attention to curiosity and interest―recognizing, seeking out, and preferring things that are outside of one’s normal experience. In this chapter, we explore curiosity, where it fits in the larger scheme of positive emotions, how individual differences are assessed, the advantages of being curious in social relationships, links between curiosity and elements of well-being, and how it has been used in interventions to improve people’s quality of life. Our review emphasizes findings that show how curiosity operates in the laboratory and everyday life, and how, under certain conditions, curiosity can be a profound source of strength, or a liability. People who are regularly curious and willing to embrace the novelty, uncertainty, and challenges that are inevitable in everyday life have an advantage in creating a fulfilling existence compared with their less curious peers. Our review is designed to bring further attention to this underappreciated human universal.

scholarly journals Benefits of Equine-Based Therapy for Individuals with Dementia

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Lauren Fearn
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Energy Level ◽  
Physical Health ◽  
Social Relationships ◽  
Functional Capacity ◽  
Functional Decline ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Equine Assisted

Individuals living with dementia typically experience progressive, cognitive, and functional decline which limits their ability to communicate and fully perform activities (Pimouguet el al., 2019). Horses have been shown to benefit individuals with dementia by improving well-being, physical health, functional capacity, and social relationships (Fields et. al., 2019). A 6-week OT-based virtual equine-assisted activities program was conducted to determine if participation in equine-assisted activities could improve the quality of life of individuals with dementia. Outcomes of the program resulted in improvements in mood, energy level, engagement, communication, memory, socialization, and overall quality of life.

scholarly journals Quality of life evaluation of coinfected patients with HIV/tuberculosis in a hospital in northeast Brazil

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 0346
Author(s):  
Amanda D. SILVA ◽  
Thaylany C. AMORIM ◽  
Ádeny M. ARAGÃO ◽  
Maria J. IBAÑEZ ◽  
José A. FILHO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Social Relationships ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Socioeconomic Conditions ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Life Evaluation ◽  
General Quality ◽  
And Performance

Objectives: To evaluate the quality of life of patients coinfected with HIV/tuberculosis and to understand their perception of their health. Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out in a hospital in the state of Pernambuco, Brazil. Data were collected between November 2017 and April 2018 through interviews. The WHOQOL-HIV Bref instrument was used, obtaining the total score and performance in the domains: physical, psychological, level of independence, social relationships, environment, spirituality. Sociodemographic and clinical data from the Logistic Control System of Medicines (SICLOM®) were also collected through a questionnaire. Results: Twenty-six patients were interviewed, 76.9% were male, mostly heterosexual, single, 43.1% presented an advanced state of immune system compromise. 73.1% considered their health "good" or "very good" and 69.2% did not consider themselves sick. The general quality of life, score from zero (worst quality of life) to one hundred (best quality of life) obtained an average of 69.6 ± 9.1. In the domains, the worst average was obtained at the independence level (11.1 ± 2.6) and the highest scores were in the spirituality (15.5 ± 3.8) and psychological (15.3 ± 2.2) domains. Conclusions: The low level of independence and the unfavorable socioeconomic conditions were important aspects influencing in the quality of life of the studied population. Knowledge about the most affected domains in the quality of life allows the elaboration of clinical guidelines and public assistance policies that contribute to the well-being of these patients.

Behavioral and Psychophysiological Investigations of Irritability

2019 ◽  
pp. 45-70
Author(s):  
Mariah DeSerisy ◽  
Christen M. Deveney
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Executive Functioning ◽  
Frustrative Nonreward ◽  
Reward Processing ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Improve Quality ◽  
Emotional Stimuli ◽  
Emotion Identification ◽  
Insight Into

A better understanding of neurocognitive mechanisms underlying irritability has the potential to inform treatments and improve quality of life for the children for whom this symptom is severe and persistent. This chapter examines the existing behavioral and psychophysiological investigations into irritability-related mechanisms in youth. Together, these measures provide insight into the cognitive and socioemotional abilities of youth with irritability. Existing research explores three domains: executive functioning, reward processing, and responses to emotional stimuli. Although deficits have been observed in each domain, the strongest evidence exists for atypical frustrative nonreward responses (i.e., when an expected reward is not received), face emotion identification deficits, and increased attention toward threatening faces. We discuss limitations to the existing literature and propose avenues for future research, including exploring cognitive-emotion interactions, using dimensional measures of irritability, and examining whether deficits are unique to irritability or related to co-occurring symptoms.

scholarly journals A Systematic Literature Review and Head-to-Head Comparison of Social Support and Social Constraint in Relation to the Psychological Functioning of Cancer Survivors

2019 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
pp. 176-192 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica N Rivera Rivera ◽  
Jessica L Burris
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Social Support ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Cancer Survivors ◽  
Social Functioning ◽  
Psychological Functioning ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Social Constraint ◽  
Multidimensional Concept

Abstract Background Quality of life is a multidimensional concept that includes perceptions of one’s physical, psychological, social, and spiritual functioning, all of which are theorized to be interdependent. The focus of this study is social functioning, which itself is a multidimensional concept that includes social support and social constraint among other things. In cancer survivors, social support receives most of the research attention, but social constraint may have a stronger influence on quality of life. Purpose This systematic literature review evaluates which aspect of social functioning—social support or social constraint—has a stronger relationship with the psychological functioning of cancer survivors. Methods The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines were followed in the identification and review of 32 independent records. Multiple measures of social support and social constraint were used across studies, with most having adequate psychometric properties. Psychological outcomes were divided into (a) general distress, (b) cancer-specific distress, (c) general well-being, and (d) cancer-specific well-being. Results For general and cancer-specific distress, social constraint exhibited a larger association with distress than social support. Similarly, for general well-being, most studies reported a stronger association with social constraint than social support. For cancer-specific well-being, the opposite was true such that associations were stronger for social support than social constraint. Conclusions Results highlight the importance of considering social constraint when examining quality-of-life outcomes like psychological distress and well-being. Findings support social constraint as a target in interventions to reduce cancer survivors’ distress, while social support could be considered in attempts to promote cancer-specific well-being.

scholarly journals Chronic Spontaneous Urticaria and Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus—Does Quality of Life Impairment Always Reflect Health Danger?

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 2505
Author(s):  
Zenon Brzoza ◽  
Katarzyna Nabrdalik ◽  
Lukasz Moos ◽  
Hanna Kwiendacz ◽  
Karina Badura-Brzoza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Social Functioning ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Chronic Spontaneous Urticaria ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Being There

Background and aims: Chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU) and diabetes mellitus type 1 (T1DM) may compromise the quality of life (QoL). We decided to compare the QoL of T1DM patients to those suffering from CSU. Materials and methods: Sixty-six patients with well-controlled T1DM (male 52%) in the mean age of (SD) 36.3 (11.09) years and 51 patients with CSU (male 33%) in the mean age of (SD) 35.8 (8.53) years were enrolled in this observational study. All the participants completed a Short-Form 36 (SF-36) QoL. Results: The QoL related to social functioning was significantly worse among CSU patients. There were differences related to gender found in the group of patients with T1DM—where men tended to declare a better quality of life than women (p = 0.015)—especially in the area of energy/fatigue and pain. It appeared that due to physical and emotional problems occurring in married patients, the QoL is lower in T1DM group in comparison to the CSU one. Conclusions: The patients with CSU presented significantly worse social functioning compared to the ones with T1DM. This fact proves the QoL impairment level is not always related to the level of health danger. The differences in the QoL related to gender and marital status found among T1DM patients point to the necessity for further exploration in a larger group of patients. Due to the fact that optimal disease management should ensure patient’s good emotional well-being, there is a need for additional psychological and social care for patients from those two groups.

scholarly journals Quality of Life Measurements in Epilepsy

1996 ◽  
Vol 23 (S2) ◽  
pp. S3-S5 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Chadwick
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Health Status ◽  
Social Functioning ◽  
Seizure Control ◽  
Well Being ◽  
General Health Status ◽  
Life Issues ◽  
Disease Specific ◽  
Quality Of Life Measurements

ABSTRACT:In the treatment of the patient with epilepsy not only seizure control but quality of life issues are important aspects of management. Aspects that have an impact on the quality of life include seizure frequency and severity, social functioning, psychological well-being, disease specific measures, and general health status.

Subjective needs of people with dementia: a review of the literature

2007 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 559-592 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henriëtte G. van der Roest ◽  
Franka J. M. Meiland ◽  
Raffaella Maroccini ◽  
Hannie C. Comijs ◽  
Cees Jonker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reference Lists ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Care Needs ◽  
People With Dementia ◽  
Individual Care ◽  
To Come ◽  
The Individual ◽  
And Coping ◽  
Insight Into

Objective: Insight into the individual care needs of the growing number of people with dementia is necessary to deliver more customized care. Our study aims to provide an overview of the literature on the subjective needs of people with dementia.Method: Electronic databases were searched for publications on subjective needs between January 1985 and July 2005, and reference lists were cross-referenced. Extracts of needs were classified within problem areas of the (Dutch) National Dementia Program and quality of life domains, and the extracts were classified as a “need” (an implicitly communicated felt state of deprivation), “want” (expression of a need) or “demand” (suitable solution to fulfill a need).Results: Subjective needs were found in 34 studies with various research aims, such as awareness and coping. Few studies aimed to measure needs of people with dementia. The most frequently reported needs of people with dementia were the need to be accepted and respected as they are, the need to find adequate strategies to cope with disabilities, and the need to come to terms with their situation. Explicit wants or demands were reported less frequently than needs.Conclusion: The high number of reported needs and the limited number of wants and demands show that people with dementia do not frequently mention how they want their needs to be met. Most reported needs are not instrumental, but are related to well-being and coping. Further research to inventory these needs could help achieve more demand-directed and better attuned care in the future.

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