Curiosity and Interest

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul J. Silvia ◽  
Todd B. Kashdan
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Individual Differences ◽  
Everyday Life ◽  
Social Relationships ◽  
Positive Emotions ◽  
Well Being

Recent years have seen renewed attention to curiosity and interest―recognizing, seeking out, and preferring things that are outside of one’s normal experience. In this chapter, we explore curiosity, where it fits in the larger scheme of positive emotions, how individual differences are assessed, the advantages of being curious in social relationships, links between curiosity and elements of well-being, and how it has been used in interventions to improve people’s quality of life. Our review emphasizes findings that show how curiosity operates in the laboratory and everyday life, and how, under certain conditions, curiosity can be a profound source of strength, or a liability. People who are regularly curious and willing to embrace the novelty, uncertainty, and challenges that are inevitable in everyday life have an advantage in creating a fulfilling existence compared with their less curious peers. Our review is designed to bring further attention to this underappreciated human universal.

Curiosity and Interest: The Benefits of Thriving on Novelty and Challenge

2009 ◽  
pp. 366-374 ◽  
Author(s):  
Todd B. Kashdan ◽  
Paul J. Silvia
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Everyday Life ◽  
Social Relationships ◽  
Positive Emotions ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Scientific Attention

An imbalance exists between the role of curiosity as a motivational force in nearly all human endeavors and the lack of scientific attention given to the topic. In recent years, however, there has been a proliferation of concepts that capture the essence of curiosity—recognizing, seeking out, and showing a preference for the new. In this chapter, we combine this work to address the nature of curiosity, where it fits in the larger scheme of positive emotions, the advantages of being curious in social relationships, links between curiosity and elements of well-being, and how it has been used in interventions to improve people's quality of life. Our emphasis is on methodologically sophisticated findings that show how curiosity operates in the laboratory and everyday life, and how, under certain conditions, curiosity can be a profound source of strength or a liability. People who are regularly curious and willing to embrace the novelty, uncertainty, and challenges that are inevitable as we navigate the shoals of everyday life are at an advantage in creating a fulfilling existence compared with their less curious peers. Our brief review is designed to bring further attention to this neglected, underappreciated, human universal.

Quality of Life Change and Individual Differences in Stimulus Screening in Relation to Incidence of Illness

1977 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 267-278 ◽  
Author(s):  
Albert Mehrabian ◽  
Marion Ross
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Individual Differences ◽  
Well Being ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Life Change ◽  
Emotional States ◽  
Life Changes ◽  
Comprehensive Description ◽  
High Arousal

A considerable amount of evidence indicates that a high rate of life changes—a source of continued and unavoidable arousal—is detrimental to health and psychological well-being. The present study hypothesized that sustained high-arousal states are unpreferred and that the persistence of unpreferred emotional states is harmful. Using a conceptual framework for a comprehensive description of emotional states and the differential preferences for these, it is possible to make more precise predictions on the illness consequences of emotionally unpreferred life changes. Particular hypotheses which received support were that more arousing life changes are more conducive to illness; that among the more arousing life changes, unpleasant changes are associated with more illness than pleasant ones; that unpleasant life changes are more detrimental to health when combined with dominance-inducing life changes; and that arousing life changes are particularly harmful to more arousable (non-screening) individuals.

scholarly journals Benefits of Equine-Based Therapy for Individuals with Dementia

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Lauren Fearn
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Energy Level ◽  
Physical Health ◽  
Social Relationships ◽  
Functional Capacity ◽  
Functional Decline ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Equine Assisted

Individuals living with dementia typically experience progressive, cognitive, and functional decline which limits their ability to communicate and fully perform activities (Pimouguet el al., 2019). Horses have been shown to benefit individuals with dementia by improving well-being, physical health, functional capacity, and social relationships (Fields et. al., 2019). A 6-week OT-based virtual equine-assisted activities program was conducted to determine if participation in equine-assisted activities could improve the quality of life of individuals with dementia. Outcomes of the program resulted in improvements in mood, energy level, engagement, communication, memory, socialization, and overall quality of life.

scholarly journals Quality of life evaluation of coinfected patients with HIV/tuberculosis in a hospital in northeast Brazil

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 0346
Author(s):  
Amanda D. SILVA ◽  
Thaylany C. AMORIM ◽  
Ádeny M. ARAGÃO ◽  
Maria J. IBAÑEZ ◽  
José A. FILHO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Social Relationships ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Socioeconomic Conditions ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Life Evaluation ◽  
General Quality ◽  
And Performance

Objectives: To evaluate the quality of life of patients coinfected with HIV/tuberculosis and to understand their perception of their health. Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out in a hospital in the state of Pernambuco, Brazil. Data were collected between November 2017 and April 2018 through interviews. The WHOQOL-HIV Bref instrument was used, obtaining the total score and performance in the domains: physical, psychological, level of independence, social relationships, environment, spirituality. Sociodemographic and clinical data from the Logistic Control System of Medicines (SICLOM®) were also collected through a questionnaire. Results: Twenty-six patients were interviewed, 76.9% were male, mostly heterosexual, single, 43.1% presented an advanced state of immune system compromise. 73.1% considered their health "good" or "very good" and 69.2% did not consider themselves sick. The general quality of life, score from zero (worst quality of life) to one hundred (best quality of life) obtained an average of 69.6 ± 9.1. In the domains, the worst average was obtained at the independence level (11.1 ± 2.6) and the highest scores were in the spirituality (15.5 ± 3.8) and psychological (15.3 ± 2.2) domains. Conclusions: The low level of independence and the unfavorable socioeconomic conditions were important aspects influencing in the quality of life of the studied population. Knowledge about the most affected domains in the quality of life allows the elaboration of clinical guidelines and public assistance policies that contribute to the well-being of these patients.

Well-being of North Eastern Migrant Workers in Bangalore

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 99-114
Author(s):  
Divya Pradeep ◽  
K. C. Adaina ◽  
Sonia Kahmei
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Migrant Workers ◽  
Positive Emotions ◽  
Negative Emotions ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Reconstruction Method ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
North East ◽  
Material Conditions

This paper explores the quality of life and subjective well-being of north-east migrant workers engaged in various formal and informal jobs in Bangalore. The composite well-being index reveals moderate well-being for the majority of workers. The disaggregated analysis, however, shows poor material conditions of life. Using the Day Reconstruction Method, we also find positive emotions associated with activities such as socialising but negative emotions for work and commuting. With respect to interacting partners, the negative emotions were highest while dealing with clients and customers. We also found positive correlations between life satisfaction and quality of life indicators, most strongly, with job quality. Lower quality of jobs, reported by women in comparison to men, suggests that organisations should aim to create more equal and enabling work spaces for all genders.

scholarly journals Quality of Life in Relation to the Level of Physical Activity Among Healthy Young Adults at Saudi Arabia

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 281-287
Author(s):  
Amal A. Kokandi ◽  
Jafar Salman Alkhalaf ◽  
Asmaa Mohammedsaleh
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Physical Activity ◽  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Social Relationships ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Male Subjects ◽  
Health And Well Being ◽  
Female Subjects

Physical activity is known to have benefits on health and well-being. The aim of this study was to assess the quality of life domains (using WHOQOL-Bref) in relation to the level of physical activity in young healthy adults at Saudi Arabia. An online questionnaire (WHOQOL-BREF and IPAQ) was sent to adults without special needs in Saudi Arabia aged 18 years and more. In total 1026 completed the questionnaire. Females were 767 and males were 250 (9 were missing). Results of this study showed that IPAQ total score was significantly correlated with WHOQOL-BREF physical, psychological and social relationships health scores. Additionally, the high PA group had a significantly higher WHOQOL-BREF for all domains (physical, psychological, social relationships and environmental health scores) compared to the low PA group. Male subjects had a significantly higher physical health score than female subjects, however, female subjects had a significantly higher social relationships score. In conclusion, high physical activity is linked with high better quality of life in all domains.

scholarly journals Quality of Life in Young Adults With Cerebral Palsy: A Longitudinal Analysis of the SPARCLE Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicolas Vidart d'Egurbide Bagazgoïtia ◽  
Virginie Ehlinger ◽  
Carine Duffaut ◽  
Jérôme Fauconnier ◽  
Silke Schmidt-Schuchert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Social Relationships ◽  
Young Adulthood ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Psychological Well Being ◽  
The Social

Introduction: While most people with cerebral palsy (CP) will have a life expectancy similar to that of the general population, international research has primarily focused on childhood and adolescence; and knowledge about the quality of life (QoL) of young adults with CP, its trajectories, and associated factors remains scarce.Methods: This longitudinal study included young adults with CP living in five European regions and who had previously participated in the SPARCLE cohort as children and/or adolescents. Their QoL in the psychological well-being and social relationships domains was estimated using age-appropriate validated instruments (KIDSCREEN-52 in childhood/adolescence and WHOQOL-Bref in young adulthood). We used generalized linear mixed-effect models with random intercept to estimate long-term trajectories of QoL in both domains and to investigate whether severity of impairment, pain, and seizure influenced these trajectories. We sought to identify potentially different trajectories of QoL from childhood to adulthood using a shape-based clustering method.Results: In total, 164 young adults with CP aged 22–27 years participated in the study. Psychological well-being linearly decreased by 0.78 points (scale 0–100) per year (95% confidence interval (CI) −0.99 to −0.56) from childhood to young adulthood, whereas QoL in the social relationships domain increased (β coefficient 1.24, 95% CI 0.92–1.55). Severity of impairment was associated with reduced QoL in all life periods of the study (childhood, adolescence, and young adulthood): motor impairment with social relationships, and more nuancedly intellectual disability with psychological well-being and social relationships. At all periods, frequent pain significantly reduced psychological well-being, and seizures were associated with lower QoL in the social relationships domain. In both domains, we identified a group of individuals with CP who presented a reverse trajectory compared with the general QoL trajectory.Conclusion: Identification of QoL trajectories and their associated factors yields improved knowledge about the experience of individuals with CP until young adulthood. Further studies are needed to better understand the determinants that have the greatest influence on the different shapes of long-term trajectories of QoL.

Direct and Indirect Effects of Trait and State Gratitude on Health-Related Quality of Life in a Prospective Design

2019 ◽  
Vol 123 (6) ◽  
pp. 2248-2262
Author(s):  
Adam P. McGuire ◽  
Yvette Z. Szabo ◽  
Karly M. Murphy ◽  
Thane M. Erickson
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Individual Differences ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Multilevel Models ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Health Related Quality ◽  
Related Quality ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Trait Gratitude

Gratitude has been consistently linked to well-being, but its influence on health-related functioning is not well understood. Furthermore, research suggests the need to differentiate between-person and within-person effects of personality characteristics, and research on gratitude and health has not typically done so. This prospective study aimed to (1) differentiate the unique effects of trait and state gratitude on health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and (2) test state gratitude as a mediator between baseline trait gratitude and subsequent HRQoL. Undergraduate participants ( N = 141) completed a trait gratitude measure at baseline and then repeated measures of weekly state gratitude and HRQoL over eight weeks. Multilevel models examined baseline trait gratitude, state gratitude averaged across the study (person aggregate) as between-person individual differences, and within-person variability in state gratitude (person-centered) as predictors of HRQoL, as well as the indirect effect of trait gratitude on HRQoL via state gratitude. Greater aggregate and person-centered state gratitude each predicted higher HRQoL. Baseline trait gratitude did not have a significant direct effect but prospectively predicted higher HRQoL via higher weekly state gratitude. Results suggest that understanding effects of gratitude on health-related perceptions requires accounting for both between-person individual differences and within-person fluctuation in state gratitude.

scholarly journals Let's Ask Them: A National Survey of Definitions of Quality of Life and Its Enhancement among People Aged 65 and Over

2003 ◽  
Vol 56 (4) ◽  
pp. 269-306 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ann Bowling ◽  
Zahava Gabriel ◽  
Joanna Dykes ◽  
Lee Marriott Dowding ◽  
Olga Evans ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Social Relationships ◽  
National Survey ◽  
Social Roles ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Older Age ◽  
Integrated Models ◽  
Order Of Magnitude ◽  
Different Order

This study aimed to explore older peoples' definitions of, and priorities for, a good quality of life for themselves and their peers. Nine hundred and ninety-nine people aged 65 and over, living at home in Britain, were interviewed for the study. Good social relationships were the most commonly mentioned constituent that gave respondents' lives quality (mentioned by 81 percent). Other important factors were social roles and activities, health, psychological outlook and well-being, home and neighborhood, finances, and independence. Poor health was most often mentioned as taking quality away from life (by 50 percent). Social relationships and health were judged to be the most important areas. Having health and enough money were the two most frequently mentioned things that would improve the quality of their own lives and those of their peers (though in different order of magnitude). The need for dynamic, multidimensional, and integrated models of quality of life in older age is suggested by these results.

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