scholarly journals Unique longitudinal relationships between symptoms of psychopathology in youth: A cross-lagged panel network analysis in the ABCD study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carter J. Funkhouser ◽  
Anjali Chacko ◽  
Kelly Correa ◽  
Ariela Kaiser ◽  
Stewart Shankman
Keyword(s):  
Depressed Mood ◽  
Network Theory ◽  
Causal Inferences ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Temporal Relationships ◽  
Observational Design ◽  
Demographic Covariates ◽  
Methodological Considerations ◽  
Network Comparisons ◽  
Longitudinal Relationships

Background: The network theory suggests that psychopathology may reflect causal relationships between individual symptoms. Several studies have examined cross-sectional relationships between individual symptoms in youth. However, these studies cannot address the directionality of the temporal relationships hypothesized by the network theory. Therefore, we estimated the longitudinal relationships between individual internalizing, externalizing, and attention symptoms in youth. Methods: Data from 4,093 youth participants in the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study were used. Symptoms were assessed using the Brief Problem Monitor, which was administered at three time points spaced six months apart. Unique longitudinal relationships between symptoms at T1 and T2 were estimated using cross-lagged panel network modeling. Network replicability was assessed by comparing this network to an identically estimated replication network of symptoms at T2 predicting symptoms at T3. Results: After controlling for all other symptoms and demographic covariates, depressed mood, inattention, and worry at T1 were most predictive of other symptoms at T2. In contrast, threats of violence and destructiveness at T2 were most prospectively predicted by other symptoms at T1. The reciprocal associations between depressed mood and worthlessness were among the strongest bivariate relationships in the network. Comparisons between the original network and the replication network (correlation between edge lists = .61; individual edge replicability = 64-84%) suggested moderate replicability. Conclusions: Although causal inferences are precluded by the observational design and methodological considerations, these findings demonstrate the directionality of relationships between individual symptoms in youth and highlight depressed mood, inattention, and worry as potential influencers of other symptoms.

Cross-sectional and longitudinal relationships between psychological violence and teacher burnout

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francine Nesello Melanda ◽  
Denise Albieri Jodas Salvagioni ◽  
Arthur Eumann Mesas ◽  
Alberto Durán González ◽  
Pedro Henrique Ramos Cerqueira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Teacher Burnout ◽  
Psychological Violence ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Longitudinal Relationships

scholarly journals Inverse Cross-sectional and Longitudinal Relationships between Diabetic Retinopathy and Obstructive Sleep Apnea in Type 2 Diabetes

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 100011
Author(s):  
Jakob Grauslund ◽  
Lonny Stokholm ◽  
Anne S. Thykjær ◽  
Sören Möller ◽  
Caroline S. Laugesen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Obstructive Sleep Apnea ◽  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Sleep Apnea ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Obstructive Sleep ◽  
Longitudinal Relationships

scholarly journals The Effect of Stress, Anxiety and Depression on In Vitro Fertilization Outcome in Kazakhstani Public Clinical Setting: A Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 937
Author(s):  
Gauri Bapayeva ◽  
Gulzhanat Aimagambetova ◽  
Alpamys Issanov ◽  
Sanja Terzic ◽  
Talshyn Ukybassova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Fertilization ◽  
Depressed Mood ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Anxiety Scale ◽  
Clinical Depression ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Vitro Fertilization ◽  
Scale Scores ◽  
The Impact

Although it is clear that infertility leads to heightened stress for patients, the impact of depressed mood and anxiety on treatment outcome is inconsistently reported. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of stress, depression and anxiety on in vitro fertilization (IVF) outcomes in Kazakhstani public assisted reproductive technology (ART) clinics. The prospective cohort study was performed between June 2019 and September 2020 using questionnaires to assess psychological stress, depressed mood and anxiety in women referred to IVF clinics in two public clinical centers in Kazakhstan, Nur-Sultan and Aktobe. Our study sample comprised 142 women with the average age of 33.9 ± 4.9 years, and infertility duration 6.0 ± 3.5 years. More than half of respondents had Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) scores higher than 16, indicating their risk of developing clinical depression. Ninety-one percent of women from Aktobe city were at risk for clinical depression (p < 0.001). Aktobe city respondents had higher stress subscale scores and anxiety scale scores (p < 0.001) than Nur-Sultan respondents. Statistical analysis showed that IVF outcome was not significantly associated with depression and stress, while the higher anxiety scale scores were negatively associated with clinical pregnancy after IVF.

scholarly journals Management of Sternal Precautions Following Median Sternotomy by Physical Therapists in Australia: A Web-Based Survey

2012 ◽  
Vol 92 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-97 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lara J. Tuyl ◽  
Jennifer H. Mackney ◽  
Catherine L. Johnston
Keyword(s):  
Patient Outcomes ◽  
Physical Therapists ◽  
Physical Therapist ◽  
Median Sternotomy ◽  
Evidence Base ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Wound Breakdown ◽  
Observational Design ◽  
Midline Sternotomy

Background Sternal precautions are utilized within many hospitals with the aim of preventing the occurrence of sternal complications (eg, infection, wound breakdown) following midline sternotomy. The evidence base for sternal precaution protocols, however, has been questioned due to a paucity of research, unknown effect on patient outcomes, and possible discrepancies in pattern of use among institutions. Objective The objective of this study was to investigate and document the use of sternal precautions by physical therapists in the treatment of patients following median sternotomy in hospitals throughout Australia, from immediately postsurgery to discharge from the hospital. Design A cross-sectional, observational design was used. An anonymous, Web-based survey was custom designed for use in the study. Methods The questionnaire was content validated, and the online functionality was assessed. The senior cardiothoracic physical therapist from each hospital identified as currently performing cardiothoracic surgery (N=51) was invited to participate. Results The response rate was 58.8% (n=30). Both public (n=18) and private (n=12) hospitals in all states of Australia were represented. Management protocols reported by participants included wound support (n=22), restrictions on lifting and transfers (n=23), and restrictions on mobility aid use (n=15). Factors influencing clinical practice most commonly included “workplace practices/protocols” (n=27) and “clinical experience” (n=22). Limitations The study may be limited by response bias. Conclusions Significant variation exists in the sternal precautions and protocols used in the treatment of patients following median sternotomy in Australian hospitals. Further research is needed to investigate whether the restrictions and precautions used are necessary and whether protocols have an impact on patient outcomes, including rates of recovery and length of stay.

Smoking and drinking among alcoholics in treatment: cross-sectional and longitudinal relationships.

2000 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
pp. 157-163 ◽  
Author(s):  
S B Gulliver ◽  
D Kalman ◽  
D J Rohsenow ◽  
S M Colby ◽  
C A Eaton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Longitudinal Relationships

scholarly journals Perception of brittle nails in dermatologic patients: a cross-sectional study

2013 ◽  
Vol 88 (6) ◽  
pp. 1022-1025 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giulio Cesar Gequelim ◽  
Cynthia Yone Kubota ◽  
Sarah Sanches ◽  
Daniela Dranka ◽  
Marcelo Murilo Mejia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Depressed Mood ◽  
Nail Plate ◽  
Mixed Race ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Water Contact ◽  
Cross Sectional

Brittle Nails Syndrome is characterized by fragility of the nail plate, affecting 27% of women. We evaluated dermatology patients in a cross-sectional study about perception of nail fragility. One hundred and thirtyeight women were included, with median age of 36.5 years. Nail examination showed changes in 57% and 49% reported nail fragility. The first three fingernails were the most affected. Onychoschizia was related to onychophagia (OR = 3.29), housework (OR = 2.95) and water contact (OR = 2.44). Onychorrhexis had the strongest association with nail fragility perception (OR = 17.89). The fragility was more perceived by those who were black, of mixed race and atopic, and was associated with depressed mood.

scholarly journals Associations of Sedentary Time with Heart Rate and Heart Rate Variability in Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (16) ◽  
pp. 8508
Author(s):  
Abdullah Bandar Alansare ◽  
Lauren C. Bates ◽  
Lee Stoner ◽  
Christopher E. Kline ◽  
Elizabeth Nagle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
English Language ◽  
Sedentary Time ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Qualitative Synthesis ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Inverse Variance ◽  
Observational Design ◽  
Substantial Heterogeneity

Purpose: To evaluate if sedentary time (ST) is associated with heart rate (HR) and variability (HRV) in adults. Methods: We systematically searched PubMed and Google Scholar through June 2020. Inclusion criteria were observational design, humans, adults, English language, ST as the exposure, resting HR/HRV as the outcome, and (meta-analysis only) availability of the quantitative association with variability. After qualitative synthesis, meta-analysis used inverse variance heterogeneity models to estimate pooled associations. Results: Thirteen and eight articles met the criteria for the systematic review and meta-analysis, respectively. All studies were cross-sectional and few used gold standard ST or HRV assessment methodology. The qualitative synthesis suggested no associations between ST and HR/HRV. The meta-analysis found a significant association between ST and HR (β = 0.24 bpm per hour ST; CI: 0.10, 0.37) that was stronger in males (β = 0.36 bpm per hour ST; CI: 0.19, 0.53). Pooled associations between ST and HRV indices were non-significant (p > 0.05). Substantial heterogeneity was detected. Conclusions: The limited available evidence suggests an unfavorable but not clinically meaningful association between ST and HR, but no association with HRV. Future longitudinal studies assessing ST with thigh-based monitoring and HRV with electrocardiogram are needed.

scholarly journals Resilience, Perceived Stress, and Depressed Mood in Women Under in Vitro Fertilization Treatment

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carmen Fernandez-Ferrera ◽  
David Llaneza-Suarez ◽  
Daniel Fernandez-Garcia ◽  
Vanesa Castañon ◽  
Cristina Llaneza-Suarez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protective Effect ◽  
Perceived Stress ◽  
Depressed Mood ◽  
Sleep Disturbances ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Short Version ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Vitro Fertilization ◽  
Infertile Women

AbstractIt has been suggested that women who display higher resilience levels may have less psychological distress during IVF. The aim of this study was to evaluate how infertile women deal with perceived stress, depressed mood, and sleep disturbances at the first IVF attempt and after one or more negative IVF outcomes depending on their level of resilience. An observational, cross-sectional study was carried out in a sample of 207 infertile women undergoing IVF procedures. The participants completed the short version of the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC), the short version of the European Spanish Version of Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10), the Center of Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CESD-10), and the Jenkins Sleep Scale (JSS). The relationship between CD-RISC scores ranked according to percentiles and mean PSS-10 scores revealed that women with strong resilience had lower perceived stress. After splitting the sample according to CD-RISC percentiles, differences were observed only at the first IVF attempt and the observed protective effect of high resilience scores appears to disappear following a negative IVF outcome. Women with high resilience are less likely to suffer from perceived stress or depressed mood during their first IVF attempt, this protective effect appears to be lost after a negative outcome.

scholarly journals KORELASI PENDAPATAN KELUARGA DAN PENDIDIKAN IBU TERHADAP PEMBERIAN ASI EKSKLUSIF

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 52
Author(s):  
Faricha Kurnia Illahi ◽  
Yusuf Alam Romadhon ◽  
Yuni Prastyo Kurniati ◽  
Tri Agustina
Keyword(s):  
Exclusive Breastfeeding ◽  
Government Regulation ◽  
Family Income ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Income Level ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Central Java ◽  
Observational Design ◽  
Mother Education ◽  
Cluster Random Sampling

Exclusive breastfeeding based on Government Regulation Number 33 of 2012 concerning Exclusive Breastfeeding isbreast milk that is given to babies from birth for six months, without adding and or replacing with other food ordrinks. Coverage of infants gets exclusive breastfeeding nationally at 61.33%. This figure has exceeded the 2017Strategic Plan target of 44%. The percentage of exclusive breastfeeding for infants 0-6 months in Central Java in2017 was 54.4%. Coverage of exclusive breastfeeding in Sukoharjo Regency is 60.36%.Thepurpose of this researchaims to determine whether there is a correlation between the level of family income and level of mother education ofexcluxive breastfeeding. This research use analytic observational design with cross sectional approach. Thepopulation in this study are mothers who have children more than six month in the working area of Gatak SukoharjoPublic Health Center. Sampling technique in this research using cluster random sampling technique. LogisticRegression test data obtained significance of family income level equal to 0.034 and mother education level equal to0.004.The limitation of this study is to collect data on the level of family income based only on interviews withoutany supporting questionnaireBased on these results indicate the correlation of family income level and mothereducation level of excluxive breastfeeding.

Elevated Anxiety Relates to Future Executive Dysfunction: A Cross-Lagged Panel Network Analysis of Psychopathology and Cognitive Functioning Components

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nur Hani Zainal ◽  
Michelle G. Newman
Keyword(s):  
Executive Function ◽  
Network Analysis ◽  
Cognitive Functioning ◽  
Language Processing ◽  
Verbal Fluency ◽  
Executive Dysfunction ◽  
Causal Inferences ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Motor Behaviors ◽  
Global Cognition

Background: Vulnerability models posit that reduced cognitive functioning abilities (e.g., verbal fluency, working memory (WM)) precede and relate to future heightened psychopathology. Conversely, scar theory postulates that elevated psychopathology coincides with subsequent reduced cognitive functioning. However, most studies so far have been cross-sectional and tested global cognitive functioning-psychopathology relations. Objective: Thus, we used cross-lagged panel network analysis (CLPN) to facilitate causal inferences and differentiation of components on this topic. Method: Community adults (n = 856) participated in this eight-year study across four waves of assessment, each spaced about two years apart. Nine psychopathology components (aberrant motor behaviors (AMB), agitation, apathy, anxiety, delusions, depression, disinhibition, hallucinations, irritability) and seven cognitive functioning (attention, episodic memory, global cognition, language, processing speed, verbal fluency, WM) multi-item nodes were assessed with various performance-based cognitive functioning tests and the caregiver-rated Neuropsychiatric Inventory. Results: Contemporaneous networks consistently showed negative associations among global cognition/verbal fluency and agitation, AMB, or hallucinations, during all waves of assessment. Nodes that were most influential across communities in contemporaneous networks were delusions, depression, WM, and verbal fluency. For temporal networks, heightened anxiety (versus other neuropsychiatric nodes), had the largest negative relations with future decreased executive and related cognitive functioning nodes. Further, executive function nodes (e.g., verbal fluency) tended to be impacted by, rather than influential on, other nodes, across all time-points. Discussion: Findings supported scar (vs. vulnerability) model. The efficacy of evidence-based cognitive-behavioral and related psychopharmacological treatments may be enhanced by adding executive function training. Other theoretical and clinical implications were discussed.

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