The Role of Perceived Competence and Risk Perception in Cycling Near Misses

Cyclists’ accidents account for a relatively large proportion of road fatalities and this proportion is increasing. Moreover, research suggests that crashes can be predicted by near misses, based on the assumption that they share common causes. Also in the cycling domain it has been suggested that near miss incidents may provide ‘early warnings’ of situations or behaviours that could lead to crashes. The aim of this study was to investigate the role played by perception of risk and control on the exposure to risky situations, such as the involvement in mixed traffic. We administered a questionnaire to 298 Italian cyclists measuring perceived competence (i.e. perceived control and overconfidence), risk perception of interactions with cars, bicycle use, avoidance of mixed traffic and recent experiences of near misses. Path analysis using Bayesian estimation showed that perceived control, mediated by overconfidence, had a positive indirect effect on bicycle use and a negative one on avoidance of mixed traffic, while it acted as a moderator in the relationship between risk perception of interaction with cars and avoidance of mixed traffic. Furthermore, the mediation paths revealed the indirect effects of perceived control on near misses through exposure. Results highlighted the importance of considering the role of individuals’ perception of their ability to cycle with regard to near misses and provided new insight on how cyclists regulate their behaviour, as well as how such behaviour leads to different safety outcomes. Results have implications regarding theory, infrastructure and the application of new safety technologies.

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Reinforcing Risk Perception to Induce Exercise Intention: Role of Systematic Interaction from Social Marketing Perspectives

Global Economics Review ◽

10.31703/ger.2019(iv-ii).03 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol IV (II) ◽

pp. 24-38

Author(s):

Farooq Ahmad ◽

Muhammad Nawaz Qaisar ◽

Syed Ali Raza Hamid

Keyword(s):

Risk Perception ◽

Fear Appeals ◽

Control Group ◽

Fear Appeal ◽

Treatment Conditions ◽

And Control ◽

Exercise Intention ◽

The Impact ◽

The Relationship

The study examined the relationship between systematic interaction, fear appeals, and exercise intention using group-centered and participatory approaches. The longitudinal experimental design was used to understand the phenomenon of fear appeals (risk perception) for adopting sustained physical activities. The sample comprised two treatment conditions i.e. experimental group and control group to measure the impact of interventions for verification of the proposed conceptual model. The findings indicate that risk perception mediated the relationship between systematic interaction and exercise intention. Moreover, systematic interaction has a positive effect on risk perception and exercise intention. The findings conceptually advance the fear appeal theory with a new lens using a participatory paradigm to augment sustained behavior change. We advocate that use of systematic interaction adds value in expanding the scope of a theoretical base for marketing.

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The role of perceived competence and risk perception in cycling near misses

Safety Science ◽

10.1016/j.ssci.2018.02.013 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 105 ◽

pp. 167-177 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Víctor Marín Puchades ◽

Filippo Fassina ◽

Federico Fraboni ◽

Marco De Angelis ◽

Gabriele Prati ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Perception ◽

Perceived Competence ◽

Near Misses

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From Container to Claustrum: Projective Identification in Couples

Couple and Family Psychoanalysis ◽

10.33212/cfp.v4n2.2014.136 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 4 (2) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Tamara Feldman

Keyword(s):

Psychological Health ◽

Projective Identification ◽

The Self ◽

The Other ◽

Intimate Partners ◽

And Control ◽

The Relationship ◽

As If

This paper is a contribution to the growing literature on the role of projective identification in understanding couples' dynamics. Projective identification as a defence is well suited to couples, as intimate partners provide an ideal location to deposit unwanted parts of the self. This paper illustrates how projective identification functions differently depending on the psychological health of the couple. It elucidates how healthier couples use projective identification more as a form of communication, whereas disturbed couples are inclined to employ it to invade and control the other, as captured by Meltzer's concept of "intrusive identification". These different uses of projective identification affect couples' capacities to provide what Bion called "containment". In disturbed couples, partners serve as what Meltzer termed "claustrums" whereby projections are not contained, but imprisoned or entombed in the other. Applying the concept of claustrum helps illuminate common feelings these couples express, such as feeling suffocated, stifled, trapped, held hostage, or feeling as if the relationship is killing them. Finally, this paper presents treatment challenges in working with more disturbed couples.

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Delegation and Control Revisited

10.1093/oso/9780190672454.003.0008 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Dan Honig

Keyword(s):

Foreign Aid ◽

International Development ◽

Local Knowledge ◽

Entry And Exit ◽

Country Ownership ◽

Development Organization ◽

Workplace Experience ◽

And Control ◽

The Relationship

This chapter traces the relationship between political authorizing environments, international development organization (IDO) management, and IDO field agents, drawing on the empirics presented in chapters 6 and 7. It digs into the experience of working for USAID as compared to DFID. It also extends the discussion of delegation to implementing contractors and brings this book’s theorizing of Navigation by Judgment into conversation with other foreign aid solutions aimed at incorporating local knowledge, such as establishing country offices or ensuring projects have country ownership. This chapter connects Part II’s empirics more tightly to the mechanisms theorized in Part I , particularly the role of authorizing environment insecurity and the need to “manage up” (Chapter 4) and their implications for the workplace experience of agents (Chapter 3) and the entry and exit of personnel.

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Cognitive Treatment for OCD

10.1093/oxfordhb/9780195376210.013.0076 ◽

2012 ◽

Author(s):

Maureen L. Whittal ◽

Melisa Robichaud

Keyword(s):

Term Treatment ◽

Future Directions ◽

Cognitive Treatment ◽

Long Term Treatment ◽

Inflated Responsibility ◽

And Control ◽

The Relationship ◽

Control Of Thoughts

The cornerstone of cognitive treatment (CT) for OCD is based upon the knowledge that unwanted intrusions are essentially a universal experience. As such, it is not the presence of the intrusion that is problematic but rather the associated meaning or interpretation. Treatment is flexible, depending upon the nature of the appraisals and beliefs, but can include strategies focused on inflated responsibility and overestimation of threat, importance and control of thoughts, and the need for perfectionism and certainty. The role of concealment and the relationship to personal values are important maintaining and etiological factors. The short-term and long-term treatment outcome is reviewed, along with predictors of treatment response and mechanisms of action, and the chapter concludes with future directions regarding CT for OCD.

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DIAPH2, PTPRD and HIC1 Gene Polymorphisms and Laryngeal Cancer Risk

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph18147486 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (14) ◽

pp. 7486

Author(s):

Mirosław Śnit ◽

Maciej Misiołek ◽

Wojciech Ścierski ◽

Anna Koniewska ◽

Grażyna Stryjewska-Makuch ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cancer Risk ◽

Laryngeal Cancer ◽

Basic Research ◽

Control Groups ◽

Allele Distribution ◽

Study Results ◽

Risk Patients ◽

And Control ◽

The Relationship

AIM, DIAPH2, PTPRD and HIC1 are the cell glycoprotein, which play an important role in the occurrence and development of tumors. This study was designed to assess the association between DIAPH2, PTPRD and HIC1 SNPs and laryngeal cancer risk. PATIENTS AND METHODS: This study including 267 patients with histologically confirmed laryngeal cancer and 157 controls. The relationship between genetic variations DIAPH2 (rs6620138), PTPRD (rs3765142) and HIC1 (rs9901806) and the onset of laryngeal cancer were investigated. Statistical analysis to calculate the relationship between DIAPH2, PTPRD and HIC1 genes polymorphism and pathogenesis of laryngeal cancer. RESULTS: The results showed that rs6620138 DIAPH2 polymorphism could increase the onset risk of laryngeal cancer. Statistically significant differences in allele distribution of rs6620138 DIAPH2 and rs9901806 HIC1 in the case and control groups subgroups. CONCLUSIONS: This study results suggested that genetic variation of rs6620138 DIAPH2 polymorphism is related to the susceptibility to laryngeal cancer. Our results provide a basis to begin basic research on the role of DIAPH2 gene in the pathogenesis of laryngeal cancer.

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THE EFFECT OF EXECUTIVE INCENTIVES ON TECHNOLOGICAL INNOVATION OF DECLINING ENTERPRISES – THE MODERATING EFFECT OF DECLINE DEGREE AND ORGANISATIONAL SLACK

International Journal of Innovation Management ◽

10.1142/s1363919621500997 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

HAIYAN DUAN ◽

KAMRAN AHMED ◽

MARTHIN NANERE

Keyword(s):

Technological Innovation ◽

Executive Control ◽

Synergistic Effects ◽

Moderating Effects ◽

Executive Incentives ◽

Different Types ◽

And Control ◽

The Relationship ◽

Equity Incentive

We examine the effects of different types of executive incentives on technological innovation of declining firms and the moderating effects of the degree of decline and organisational slack on executive incentives and enterprise technological innovation. We also assess the synergetic effects of different types of executive incentives on technological innovation of declining enterprises. We find the following: first, executive compensation incentive, equity incentive and control incentives are beneficial to promote technological innovation in declining enterprises. Second, the degree of decline negatively moderates the relationship between equity incentive and technological innovation. Third, organisational slack positively moderates the relationship between equity incentive and technological innovation, as well as the relationship between control incentives and technological innovation, especially for severely declining enterprises. Fourth, there are synergistic effects between executive control incentive and compensation incentive, control incentives and equity incentive on technological innovation. The contributions are as follows: first, taking declining enterprises as sample, we suggest that to increase the role of compensation incentive and equity incentive in promoting technological innovation in declining enterprises, the control incentives should be strengthened. Second, organisational slack should be fully exploited for severely declining enterprises so that executives should have the motivation and conditions to carry out technological innovation and further help declining enterprises to turnaround successfully.

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Successful Learning with Hypermedia: The Role of Epistemological Beliefs and Metacognitive Awareness

Journal of Educational Computing Research ◽

10.2190/2y7c-krdv-5u01-ujga ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 28 (1) ◽

pp. 15-30 ◽

Cited By ~ 53

Author(s):

Lisa D. Bendixen ◽

Kendall Hartley

Keyword(s):

Preservice Teachers ◽

Epistemological Beliefs ◽

Metacognitive Awareness ◽

Hierarchical Regression ◽

Hypermedia Learning ◽

Posttest Performance ◽

Cognitive Awareness ◽

And Control ◽

The Relationship

This study examined the relationship between epistemological beliefs, meta-cognition, and student achievement in a hypermedia learning environment. Epistemological beliefs refer to beliefs about the nature of knowledge and knowing (see review by Hofer & Pintrich, 1997) and metacognition refers to the ability to reflect upon, understand, and control one's learning (Schraw & Dennison, 1994). We predicted that the epistemological beliefs and meta-cognitive awareness of 116 preservice teachers would be significantly related to achievement in a hypermedia tutorial. Achievement was measured by a posttest based on the tutorial content. Results from a forced-order, hierarchical regression analysis indicated that reading comprehension, GPA, and three of the five epistemological beliefs (i.e., fixed ability, omniscient authority, and quick learning) significantly predicted posttest performance. Belief in omniscient authority and fixed ability being related to lower achievement supports previous research. Contrary to our expectations, a belief in quick learning was positively correlated with achievement. Educational and instructional design implications are discussed.

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The mediating role of self-efficacy in the relationship between risk perception and psychological vulnerability in Students with social anxiety disorder

Iranian Journal of Educational Sociology ◽

10.29252/ijes.2.3.138 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2 (3) ◽

pp. 138-148

Author(s):

Maryam Darzi Azadboni ◽

Mohammadkazem Fakhri ◽

Bahram Mirzaian ◽

◽

...

Keyword(s):

Anxiety Disorder ◽

Risk Perception ◽

Social Anxiety ◽

Social Anxiety Disorder ◽

Self Efficacy ◽

Mediating Role ◽

Psychological Vulnerability ◽

The Relationship

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The Influence of the Antecedents of SCQRM Implementation on Organizational Performance with the Moderating Role of Organizational Culture in the Indonesian Navy

Business and Entrepreneurial Review ◽

10.25105/ber.v21i1.9232 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

pp. 81

Author(s):

Yohannes Enggar Riyadi ◽

Lucy Warsindah ◽

Agus Adriyanto ◽

Dangan Waluyo

Keyword(s):

Risk Management ◽

Organizational Culture ◽

Organizational Performance ◽

Strategic Leadership ◽

Control Mechanisms ◽

Information Control ◽

And Control ◽

The Relationship ◽

Moderating Role

This study aims to determine the effect of the antecedents of Supply chain quality risk management (SCQRM) implementation on organizational performance with the moderating role of organizational culture in the Indonesian Navy. Based on data from questionnaire survey data totaling 260 Indonesian Navy officers, the SCQRM theory model is proposed and the structural equation model is used to test the proposed hypothesis. The results show that strategic leadership, information, and control mechanisms are significant antecedents of SCQRM implementation. Furthermore, strategic leadership and information significantly contribute to organizational performance. An interesting finding is that control mechanisms do not have a direct impact on organizational performance, but they do contribute indirectly to organizational performance mediated by SCQRM implementation. Also, SCQRM implementation significantly contributes to organizational performance and the moderating effect of organizational culture strengthens the relationship between SCQRM implementation and organizational performance. This study focuses on the concept and implementation of SCQRM in Indonesian Navy logistics with the role of strategic leadership, information, control mechanisms, and organizational culture to improve organizational performance using single respondents and expert perceptions, namely Indonesian Navy Officers. The managerial implications suggest that complementary benefits arise from the adoption of a more holistic approach to the management of supply chain quality risk at the organizational level with supported the role of strategic leadership, information, control mechanisms, and organizational culture will improve organizational performance. Three contributions to science in the development of SCQRM theory. First, this study develops an SCQRM theoretical model with three unique dimensions (supplier development, risk management integration, and proactive product recall). Second, this study provides a new perfection of how the complementarity system of SCQRM is operated to improve organizational performance. Moreover, the findings imply that a successful SCQRM implementation is built on a complementarity power in risk management resources and routines. The multiple manifestations of the three SCQRM dimensions are all driven by a cohesive, yet unobserved synergy, which also forms one of the competencies of the organization. Third, this study also provides a new perfection on the role of strategic leadership, information and control mechanisms as antecedents of SCQRM implementation, and the moderating role of organizational culture that strengthens the relationship between SCQRM implementation and organizational performance.

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