scholarly journals What If the Heartbeat Counting Task Required No Measure of Cardiac Activity?

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olivier Desmedt ◽  
Olivier Luminet ◽  
Pierre Maurage ◽  
Olivier Corneille
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Cardiac Activity ◽  
Objective Measure ◽  
Large Sample ◽  
Counting Task ◽  
Cardiac Signals ◽  
Interoceptive Accuracy

Heartbeat Counting Task (HCT) scores are thought to indicate people’s objective ability to detect their cardiac signals (i.e., their cardiac interoceptive accuracy). In a re-analysis of a large sample of HCT scores, we found that these scores show a .80 correlation with the total number of reported heartbeats when using the original instructions allowing participants to estimate their heart rate, and a .97 correlation when using the (more valid) modified instructions that reduce the influence of estimation strategies. This extremely high correlation suggests that an objective measure of cardiac activity is hardly needed to establish HCT scores, at least when the measure is – as usually the case - collected at rest. This finding raises further important questions on the validity of the HCT as a measure of cardiac interoceptive accuracy, even when using the more valid modified instructions.

scholarly journals Comment on “Zamariola et al., (2018), Interoceptive Accuracy Scores are Problematic: Evidence from Simple Bivariate Correlations” - The Empirical Data Base, the Conceptual Reasoning and the Analysis behind this Statement are Misconceived and do not Support the Authors’ Conclusions

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manos Tsakiris ◽  
Vivien Ainley ◽  
Olga Pollatos ◽  
André SCHULZ ◽  
Beate M. Herbert
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Data Base ◽  
Empirical Data ◽  
Order Effect ◽  
Counting Task ◽  
Conceptual Reasoning ◽  
Interoceptive Accuracy ◽  
Widespread Interest

A recent paper by Zamariola and colleagues is widely cited as an authority on the invalidity of the Heartbeat Counting Task as a measure of interoceptive accuracy. Given the widespread interest in this field, it is essential that papers about methods are conceptually and empirically sound. However, only one of the authors’ four criticisms appears to be substantiated, i.e. that people count too few heartbeats. Their main arguments about “simple bivariate correlations”, as well as their finding that interoceptive accuracy and heart rate correlate, depend on wholly ‘spurious correlations’ arising from the apparently overlooked point that interoceptive accuracy is a ratio. Moreover, scrutiny of the authors’ data suggests that their fourth criticism (that interoceptive accuracy is lower on longer trials) is an order effect. We present data from our own labs to refute it. We draw the authors’ and editors’ attention to these issues and trust that they will reconsider these erroneous conclusions.

DEVELOPMENT OF A DEVICE FOR CONTROL OF THE STATE OF THE ORGANISM BASED ON PHOTOPLETISMOGRAPHY USING TECHNOLOGIES OF DIGITAL ADAPTIVE FILTRATION

2020 ◽  
pp. 100-107
Author(s):  
Алексей Дмитриевич Акишин ◽  
Иван Павлович Семчук ◽  
Александр Петрович Николаев
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Cardiovascular System ◽  
Adaptive Filtering ◽  
Least Squares Method ◽  
Optimal Algorithm ◽  
Heart Diseases ◽  
Cardiac Activity ◽  
Motion Artifacts ◽  
The Body ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages

Постоянно растущий интерес к разработке новых неинвазивных и безманжетных методов измерения параметров сердечной деятельности, использование которых давало бы возможность непрерывного и удаленного контроля сердечно-сосудистой системы, обуславливает актуальность данной работы. В многочисленных публикациях продолжаются обсуждения преимуществ и недостатков различных методов ранней диагностики сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний. Однако артефакты движения являются сильной помехой, мешающей точной оценке показателей функционирования сердечно-сосудистой системы. Одним из перспективных методов контроля является метод оценки физиологических параметров с использованием фотоплетизмографии. Данная статья посвящена разработке устройства для фотоплетизмографических исследований и алгоритмических методов обработки регистрируемых сигналов для обеспечения мониторинга сердечного ритма с заданной точностью. В работе используются технологии цифровой адаптивной фильтрации полученных сигналов для мониторинга сердечного ритма в условиях внешних механических и электрических помеховых воздействий, ухудшающих точностные характеристики системы, а также разработана архитектура системы и изготовлен макет устройства, который позволил провести измерения для определения оптимального алгоритма цифровой обработки сигналов. При использовании устройства применялись методы адаптивной фильтрации на основе фильтров Винера, фильтров на основе метода наименьших квадратов и Калмановской фильтрации. Разработанное устройство для фотоплетизмографических исследований обеспечило возможность мониторинга сердечного ритма с заданной точностью, контроля текущего состояния организма и может быть использовано в качестве средства диагностики заболеваний сердца The constantly growing interest in the development of new non-invasive and cuff-free methods for measuring the parameters of cardiac activity, the use of which would give the possibility of continuous and remote monitoring of the cardiovascular system, determines the relevance of this work. Numerous publications continue to discuss the advantages and disadvantages of various methods of early diagnosis of cardiovascular disease. However, motion artifacts are a strong hindrance to the accurate assessment of the performance of the cardiovascular system. One of the promising control methods is the method for assessing physiological parameters using photoplethysmography. This article is devoted to the development of a device for photoplethysmographic studies and algorithmic methods for processing recorded signals to ensure monitoring of the heart rate with a given accuracy. The work uses technologies of digital adaptive filtering of the received signals to monitor the heart rate in conditions of external mechanical and electrical interference, which worsen the accuracy characteristics of the system, as well as the architecture of the system and a prototype of the device, which made it possible to carry out measurements to determine the optimal algorithm for digital signal processing. When using the device, the methods of adaptive filtering based on Wiener filters, filters based on the least squares method and Kalman filtering were used. The developed device for photoplethysmographic studies provided the ability to monitor the heart rate with a given accuracy, control the current state of the body and can be used as a means of diagnosing heart diseases

scholarly journals Changes of Heart Rate and Lipid Composition in Mytilus Edulis and Modiolus Modiolus Caused by Crude Oil Pollution and Low Salinity Effects

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 46-60
Author(s):  
Igor Bakhmet ◽  
Natalia Fokina ◽  
Tatiana Ruokolainen
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Crude Oil ◽  
Mytilus Edulis ◽  
Lipid Composition ◽  
Oil Pollution ◽  
Cardiac Activity ◽  
Blue Mussels ◽  
Low Salinity ◽  
Crude Oil Pollution ◽  
Modiolus Modiolus

Blue mussels, Mytilus edulis, inhabiting tidal zones, are naturally exposed to fluctuating environmental conditions (e.g., fluctuations in temperature and salinities), while horse mussels, Modiolus modiolus, live under relatively invariable shelf water conditions. The present investigation tested the hypothesis: blue mussels, in comparison to horse mussels, have an increased ability to tolerate the stress of pollution combined with low salinity. To assess the response of blue mussels and horse mussels to oil pollution at seawater salinities of 25 psu (normal) and 15 psu (low), we used a combination of heart rate and lipid composition as physiological and biochemical indicators, respectively. A sharp decrease in heart rate as well as important fluctuations in cardiac activity was observed under all oil concentrations. Modifications in the concentrations of the main membrane lipid classes (phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine, and cholesterol) and storage lipids (primarily triacylglycerols) in response to different crude oil concentrations were time- and dose-dependent. Both chosen indicators showed a high sensitivity to crude oil contamination. Furthermore, both bivalve species showed similar responses to oil pollution, suggesting a universal mechanism for biochemical adaptation to crude oil pollution.

scholarly journals Heart Rate Variability Analyses in Parkinson’s Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 959
Author(s):  
Konstantin G. Heimrich ◽  
Thomas Lehmann ◽  
Peter Schlattmann ◽  
Tino Prell
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Cardiac Activity ◽  
Heart Rate Variability Analysis ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Variability Analysis ◽  
Parasympathetic Regulation

Recent evidence suggests that the vagus nerve and autonomic dysfunction play an important role in the pathogenesis of Parkinson’s disease. Using heart rate variability analysis, the autonomic modulation of cardiac activity can be investigated. This meta-analysis aims to assess if analysis of heart rate variability may indicate decreased parasympathetic tone in patients with Parkinson’s disease. The MEDLINE, EMBASE and Cochrane Central databases were searched on 31 December 2020. Studies were included if they: (1) were published in English, (2) analyzed idiopathic Parkinson’s disease and healthy adult controls, and (3) reported at least one frequency- or time-domain heart rate variability analysis parameter, which represents parasympathetic regulation. We included 47 studies with 2772 subjects. Random-effects meta-analyses revealed significantly decreased effect sizes in Parkinson patients for the high-frequency spectral component (HFms2) and the short-term measurement of the root mean square of successive normal-to-normal interval differences (RMSSD). However, heterogeneity was high, and there was evidence for publication bias regarding HFms2. There is some evidence that a more advanced disease leads to an impaired parasympathetic regulation. In conclusion, short-term measurement of RMSSD is a reliable parameter to assess parasympathetically impaired cardiac modulation in Parkinson patients. The measurement should be performed with a predefined respiratory rate.

scholarly journals The importance of highly effective lipid-lowering therapy with atorvastatin in the normalization of the autonomic regulation of heart rate in patients with STEMI

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (Supplement_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Y Barmenkova ◽  
E Dushina ◽  
N Burko ◽  
V Oleinikov
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Troponin I ◽  
Cardiac Activity ◽  
Autonomic Regulation ◽  
Lipid Lowering ◽  
Lipid Lowering Therapy ◽  
Lowering Therapy ◽  
Target Values ◽  
Highly Effective

Abstract Purpose To assess the importance of highly effective lipid-lowering therapy with atorvastatin in the normalization of the autonomic regulation of cardiac activity in patients with myocardial infarction with ST segment elevation (STEMI). Methods The study included 130 patients with STEMI aged 51.3±8.9 years, the majority of males (91%). Inclusion criteria: age from 35 to 70 years, STEMI confirmed by ECG and the level of biomarkers (troponin I, CK-MB), the presence of hemodynamically significant stenosis of a culprit artery according to coronary angiography provided that other coronary arteries are occluded no more than 50%, left main coronary artery - not more than 30%. Exclusion criteria: a history of myocardial infarction, CHF III-IV NYHA, bundle branch block, atrial fibrillation, artificial pacemaker. All patients took atorvastatin at a dose of 40–80 mg/day for 48 weeks after STEMI. As part of a further study at the 7th-9th day and 48 weeks after STEMI, 24-hour ECG monitoring was performed with the Astrocard system. The spectral parameters of heart rate variability (HRV) were evaluated: TotP (ms2), ULF (ms2), VLF (ms2), LF (ms2), HF (ms2), LF / HF. By the 48th week of treatment, patients were divided into groups depending on the achievement of the target level of low density lipoproteins (LDL) of less than 1.4 mmol / l or less than 50% of the initial values: 64 people who reached target values of LDL and formed the group of high-effective lipid-lowering therapy “H”, the group of low effective treatment “L” included 66 patients whose LDL did not meet the recommended level. The groups were matched by gender, age, and anthropometric data. Results In the “H” group, by the 48th week, a pronounced power amplification of all spectral components was obtained. The TotP parameter increased from 13021 (95% CI 10967; 15076) ms2 to 20988 (95% CI 17617; 24358) ms2 (p=0.0001); HF - from 164 (95% CI 105; 222) ms2 to 249 (95% CI 178; 321) ms2 (p=0.003). An increase in the low-frequency components of HRV was observed: an increase in ULF from 10695 (95% CI 8985; 12406) ms2 to 20401 (95% CI 15099; 25703) ms2 (p=0.0001), VLF - from 1473 (95% CI 1212; 1734) ms2 to 1734 (95% CI 1478; 1990) ms2 (p=0.01), LF - from 761 (95% CI 573; 949) ms2 to 909 (95% CI 736; 1082) ms2 (p=0.02). Against the background of an increase in all parameters of the frequency spectrum, the sympathovagal balance coefficient LF / HF decreased from 6.6 (95% CI 5.7; 7.6) to 5.2 (95% CI 4.3; 6.1) ( p=0.004). An analysis of the HRV indicators dynamics in the L group revealed an increase in only the total spectrum power - TotP from 12740 (95% CI 10947; 14533) ms2 to 20195 (95% CI 16619; 23770) ms2. Conclusions Highly effective therapy with atorvastatin in STEMI patients helps to normalize the parameters of the autonomic regulation of heart rate in the post-infarction period due to the increased effects of parasympathetic activity. Funding Acknowledgement Type of funding source: None

scholarly journals Associations Between Interoceptive Cognition and Age in Autism Spectrum Disorder and Typical Development

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa E. Mash ◽  
Kimberly B. Schauder ◽  
Channing Cochran ◽  
Sohee Park ◽  
Carissa J. Cascio
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Standard Test ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Typical Development ◽  
Time Intervals ◽  
Atypical Development ◽  
Interoceptive Accuracy ◽  
Post Hoc

Interoceptive awareness is linked to emotional and social cognition, which are impaired in individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). It is unknown how this ability is associated with age in either typical or atypical development. We used a standard test of interoceptive accuracy (IA) to investigate these questions in children and adults with and without ASD. Perceived number of heartbeats over 4 time intervals was compared with actual heart rate to determine IA. Effects of group, age, IQ, heart rate, and mental counting ability on accuracy were assessed using multiple regression. Post hoc correlations were performed to clarify significant interactions. Age was unrelated to IA in both groups when IQ ≥115. When IQ <115, this relationship was positive in typical development and negative in ASD. These results suggest that cognitive ability moderates the effect of age on IA differently in autism and typical development.

scholarly journals Autonomic and endothelial dysfunction with neurocirculatory asthenia in young men of call-up age

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 27-31
Author(s):  
Vladimir S. Ivanov ◽  
Lilia I. Levina ◽  
Sergey N. Ivanov ◽  
Vladimir S. Vasilenko
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
Endothelial Dysfunction ◽  
Cardiac Activity ◽  
Young Men ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Regulation Type ◽  
Vasodilator Reserve ◽  
Vegetative Regulation

Young men of call-up age with neurocirculatory were asthenia were examined for autonomic regulation of cardiac activity and vasodilatory reserve of the arteries. The functional state of the autonomic nervous system (ANS) was studied with the aid of rythmography with analyse of heart rate variability. The following parameters were studied: vegetative regulation type, responsiveness of departments of ANS and autonomic provision of cardiac activity. The type of vegetative regulation was determined by the mean value of RR interval and indication of the heart rate variability (∆RR). Reactivity of parasympathetic and sympathetic divisions of the ANS and autonomic support of cardiac activity were investigated using breathing test. To ensure vegetative dysadaptation cardiac activity includes reaction with low vegetative coverage of both divisions of the ANS and paradoxical reaction in which there is a decrease in ∆RRmax (instead of increase) and an increase in ∆RRmin instead of decrease. These reactions indicate autonomic dysfunction. Vasodilatory reserve of the arteries was investigated using ultrasonography of the brachial artery with compressive sample and determination of endothelium-dependent vasodilation. It was found that in boys with neurocirculatory asthenia vagotonic and sympathetic types of vegetative regulation are often determined by disadaptative vegetative provision of cardiac activity, which is accompanied by endothelial dysfunction with reduced vasodilator reserve of the arteries.

Heart Rate Response to Exercise

2018 ◽  
pp. 437-445
Author(s):  
Gregory S. Thomas
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Sample Size ◽  
Older Persons ◽  
Heart Rate Response ◽  
Large Sample Size ◽  
Maximum Heart Rate ◽  
Large Sample ◽  
Response To Exercise

The chapter Heart Rate Response to Exercise reviews the studies performed to estimate a patient’s maximum predicted heart rate. While the commonly used formula (220 – age), developed in 1971, is easy to remember, it underestimates the actual maximum heart rate in older persons. Studies of large sample size have found the maximum heart rate to be relatively independent of sex and physical fitness but to incrementally decline with age. The decrease with age is less than 1 beat per minute per year, however. A more accurate and recommended formula is [(208) – (0.7)(age)] as developed by Tanaka and colleagues.

scholarly journals Temperature-dependent development of cardiac activity in unrestrained larvae of the minnow Phoxinus phoxinus

2000 ◽  
Vol 279 (5) ◽  
pp. R1634-R1640 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Schönweger ◽  
T. Schwerte ◽  
B. Pelster
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Cardiac Output ◽  
Stroke Volume ◽  
Incubation Period ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Metabolic Activity ◽  
Cardiac Activity ◽  
Swim Bladder ◽  
Phoxinus Phoxinus ◽  
Swim Bladder Inflation

The minnow ( Phoxinus phoxinus) was raised up to the stage of swim bladder inflation at temperatures between 10°C and 25°C, and the time of development significantly decreased at higher temperatures. Accordingly, initiation of cardiac activity was observed at day 2 in 25°C animals and at day 4 in 12.5°C animals. Only a minor increase in body mass was observed during the incubation period, and, at the end of the incubation period, animals raised at 25°C did not have a significantly lower body mass compared with animals raised at 15°C. Metabolic activity, determined as the rate of oxygen consumption of a larva, increased from 3.3 to 19.5 nmol/h during development at 15°C and from 5.6 to 47.6 nmol/h during development at 25°C. Heart rate showed a clear correlation to developmental stage as well as to developmental temperature, but at the onset of cardiac activity, diastolic ventricular volume and also stroke volume were higher at the lower temperatures. Furthermore, stroke volume increased with development, except for the group incubated at 12.5°C, in which stroke volume decreased with development. Initial cardiac output showed no correlation to incubation temperature. Although metabolic activity increased severalfold during development from egg to the stage of swim bladder inflation at 15°C and at 25°C, weight-specific cardiac output increased only by ∼40% with proceeding development. At 12.5°C, cardiac output remained almost constant until opening of the swim bladder. The data support the notion that oxygen transport is not the major function of the circulatory system at this stage of development. The changes in heart rate with temperature appear to be due to the intrinsic properties of the pacemaker; there was no indication for a regulated response.

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