scholarly journals Assyrian Merchants meet Nuclear Physicists: History of the Early Contributions from Social Sciences to Computer Science. The Case of Automatic Pattern Detection in Graphs (1950s-1970s)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sébastien Plutniak
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Computer Science ◽  
Research Effort ◽  
Computer Application ◽  
Social Sciences And Humanities ◽  
Detection Algorithms ◽  
Complete Problems ◽  
Funding Policies ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
History Of

Community detection is a major issue in network analysis. This paper combines a socio-historical approach with an experimental reconstruction of programs to investigate the early automation of clique detection algorithms, which remains one of the unsolved NP-complete problems today. The research led by the archaeologist Jean-Claude Gardin from the 1950s on non-numerical information and graph analysis is retraced to demonstrate the early contributions of social sciences and humanities. The limited recognition and reception of Gardin's innovative computer application to the humanities are addressed through two factors, in addition to the effects of historiography and bibliographies on the recording, discoverability, and reuse of scientific productions: (1) funding policies, evidenced by the transfer of research effort on graph applications from temporary interdisciplinary spaces to disciplinary organizations related to the then-emerging field of computer science; and (2) the erratic careers of algorithms, in which efficiency, flaws, corrections, and authors’ status, were determining factors.

scholarly journals Ideology and Truth

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 7-39
Author(s):  
Krešimir Petković
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Political Science ◽  
History Of Ideas ◽  
Philosophical Tradition ◽  
The Public ◽  
Social Sciences And Humanities ◽  
The Third ◽  
Western Philosophical Tradition ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Public Sphere

The author argues that any discourse analysis, as well as other approaches in social sciences and humanities, cannot ultimately avoid the truth and ideology distinction. The first part of the article provides several glimpses at the Western philosophical tradition that preserves the value of truth. In the second part, an idea for political science, grounded in such a history of ideas, is sketched. After a brief discussion of what is ideology as opposed to truth, the author proposes a thesis about ideology, identity and power, and several heuristic ideas how to develop it. In the third part, he briefly provides examples from political and policy analysis that correspond to such a project. In the final part, he explains the importance of preserving the distinction between ideology and truth in the discursively postulated “post-truth” era. This combination of epistemology, science, analysis and teleology is reflected together in one political area of utmost importance for political science operating in the public sphere: the politics of naming.

scholarly journals Socio-Philosophical Bases of Research of Modernization Processes in Uzbekistan

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 3119-3123
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Transformation Model ◽  
Development Programs ◽  
Complex State ◽  
Social Sciences And Humanities ◽  
Comprehensive Development ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Further Development

Large-scale reforms and complex modernization carried out in the country after independence are studied from the positions of various social sciences and humanities. However, the history of modernization processes in our country has not been paid sufficient attention to the problem of chronological cycles. This chapter examines the philosophical and historical foundations of the complex state of modernization in the republic, and they are divided into specific chronological stages. At the same time, the comprehensive development programs ("Uzbek Model" of Development, the Concept of Intensification of Democratic Reforms and Formation of Civil Society in the Country, Strategy of Action for the Further Development of the Republic of Uzbekistan) for the reform of the Republic of Uzbekistan are taken as a determinant. Accordingly, the peculiarities of the stages of modernization in the Republic of Uzbekistan will be determined and the transformation model of the republic will be opened.

scholarly journals From Electrical Engineering and Computer Science to Fuzzy Languages and the Linguistic Approach of Meaning: The non-technical Episode: 1950-1975

2011 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 530 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rudolf Seising
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Applied Sciences ◽  
Control System ◽  
Fuzzy Control ◽  
Computer Science ◽  
Fuzzy Sets ◽  
Electrical Engineering ◽  
Social Sciences And Humanities ◽  
Fuzzy Algorithms ◽  
Linguistic Approach

In this paper we illuminate the first decade of Fuzzy Sets and Systems (FSS) where nobody thought that this theory would be successful in the field of applied sciences and technology. We show that especially Lotfi A. Zadeh, the founder of the theory of FSS, expected that his theory would have a role in the future of computer systems as well as humanities and social sciences. When Mamdani and Assilian picked up the idea of FSS and particularly Fuzzy Algorithms to establish a first Fuzzy Control system for a small steam engine, this was the Kick-off for the “Fuzzy-Boom” in Japan and later in the whole world and Zadeh’s primary intention trailed away for decades. Just in the new millennium a new movement for Fuzzy Sets in Social Sciences and Humanities was launched and, hopefully, will persist!

scholarly journals Entanglement

2013 ◽  
Vol 10 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 7-13
Author(s):  
Marina Gržinić
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Contemporary History ◽  
European Context ◽  
Social Sciences And Humanities ◽  
History Of Art ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Way

My intention is to expose the way in how gender, class and race and media were and are overdeterminated, but without falling into a simplification that they are simply “contradictory.” I will make recourse to some contemporary performative practices and political spaces in Europe that dismantles the singular established contemporary history of art and performative practices in European context. Author(s): Marina Gržinić Title (English): Entanglement Journal Reference: Identities: Journal for Politics, Gender and Culture, Vol. 10, No. 1-2 (Summer-Winter 2013) Publisher: Institute of Social Sciences and Humanities – Skopje  Page Range: 7-13 Page Count: 7 Citation (English): Marina Gržinić, “Entanglement,” Identities: Journal for Politics, Gender and Culture, Vol. 10, No. 1-2 (Summer-Winter 2013): 7-13.

scholarly journals Historiography within the structure of history of political and legal doctrines: subject field, objectives, tasks, and functions

2020 ◽  
pp. 126-137
Author(s):  
Sergei Vladimirovich Kodan
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Scientific Discipline ◽  
Historical Science ◽  
Subject Field ◽  
Social Sciences And Humanities ◽  
Key Characteristics ◽  
The Social ◽  
History Of ◽  
Scientific Context

The scientific context of studying the historiography of the history of political and legal doctrines is associated with its positioning within the structure of the indicated historical legal science, and represents a challenging problematic that orients the researcher towards understanding the processes of development of this science through the prism of historiography as a reflection of its history. This necessitates to determine the subject field, objectives, tasks, and functions of historiography within the structure of the indicated science, which is the key vector of this research. At the same time, the analysis of these questions leans on universal vision of the development of historiography in the social sciences and humanities. The scientific novelty is defined by the fact that the historiographical problematic in the history of political and legal doctrines is studied insufficiently; therefore, this article is the first attempt to position historiography as a scientific discipline of historical legal trend, and present an original perspective on the topic. Emphasis is placed on examination of the key characteristics of historiography as part of history of political and legal doctrines: subject matter, objectives, tasks, and functions. At the same time, the author relies on the historiographical developments in social sciences and humanities, namely in the historical science, based on which presents an original perspective on the role of historiography as a part of history of political and legal doctrines is.

Mindset and Guidelines: Insights to Enhance Collaborative, Campus-wide, Cross-sectoral Digital Humanities Initiatives

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 8-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chad Gaffield
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Digital Humanities ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Promising Practices ◽  
Team Members ◽  
Social Sciences And Humanities ◽  
Digital Scholarship ◽  
The Social ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities ◽  
History Of

At the heart of the emergence and development of the Digital Humanities has been the potential to move beyond the out-dated epistemological and metaphysical dichotomies of the later 20th century including quantitative-qualitative, pure-applied, and campus-community. Despite significant steps forward, this potential has been only partially realized as illustrated by DH pioneer Edward L. Ayers’ recent question, ‘Does Digital Scholarship have a future?’ As a way to think through current challenges and opportunities, this paper reflects on the building and initial use of the Canadian Century Research Infrastructure (CCRI). As one of the largest projects in the history of the social sciences and humanities, CCRI enables research on the making of modern Canada by offering complex databases that cover the first half of the twentieth century. Built by scholars from multiple disciplines from coast-to-coast and in collaboration with government agencies and the private sector, CCRI team members came to grips with key DH questions especially those faced by interdisciplinary, multi-institutional, cross-sectoral and internationally-connected initiatives. Thinking through this experience does not generate simple recipes or lessons-learned but does offer promising practices as well as new questions for future scholarly consideration.

scholarly journals Andrea Long Chu and the Trouble with Desire

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 70-74
Author(s):  
Andrija Koštal
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Jacques Lacan ◽  
Scientific Journals ◽  
Gender Transition ◽  
Social Sciences And Humanities ◽  
Literature And Philosophy ◽  
History Of ◽  
Humanities And Social Sciences ◽  
Areas Of Interest ◽  
The Relationship

This essay discusses the writings by Andrea Long Chu, focusing on her understanding of desire and its role in the formation of gender and in the process of gender transition. The essay also deals with her much-disputed understanding of the relation between desire and politics, taking into account the critique formulated by Amia Srinivasan. In conclusion the essay argues that Chu’s writings, if taken with a dose of caution and supplemented with the theory of desire formulated by Jacques Lacan, can offer us insights about the importance of desire for understanding various phenomena of human experience, in which we otherwise maybe wouldn’t look for it.  Author(s): Andrija Koštal Title (English): Andrea Long Chu and the Trouble with Desire Journal Reference: Identities: Journal for Politics, Gender and Culture, Vol. 17, No. 2-3 (Winter 2020) Publisher: Institute of Social Sciences and Humanities - Skopje Page Range: 70-74 Page Count: 5 Citation (English): Andrija Koštal, “Andrea Long Chu and the Trouble with Desire,” Identities: Journal for Politics, Gender and Culture, Vol. 17, No. 2-3 (Winter 2020): 70-74. Author Biography Andrija Koštal, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences in Zagreb Andrija Koštal is a student of comparative literature at the Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences in Zagreb, about to graduate with a topic on the discourse of illness in a European modernist novel. His primary field of research concerns the relationship between literature and philosophy throughout the history of modernity (especially through the Twentieth century). On the part of philosophy, he is interested in the philosophy of immanence, non-philosophy/non-standard philosophy and some forms of materialism. Other areas of interest include artificial intelligence, ecology and feminism. Published a few articles in various Croatian scientific journals. 

The Container Model of Society as a Research Paradigm

2021 ◽  
pp. 15-24
Author(s):  
Liubov V. Klepikova ◽  
◽  
Sergej N. Klimov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Social Studies ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Social Sciences And Humanities ◽  
The Social ◽  
Migrant Studies ◽  
Long Time ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Common ◽  
Container Model

The article deals with the container model of society (CMS) which has been used for a long time in disciplines dealing with the study of society, the processes of its development and change. The term CMS was introduced into the scientific circulation of foreign social sciences and humanities about twenty years ago, but it is not yet widely known in the Russian social studies. The article traces the history of the formation of the KMO and its introduction into the research apparatus of foreign social and humanitarian works, provides an overview of the monograph by U. Beck, as well as the article by N. Glik Schiller and A. Wimmer. The CMS is based on the view of society as a set of closed social groups that are “containers”. Hitherto CMS has been used as the methodological tool, which allowed reconsidering the old approaches and the concepts formed in the social and migrant studies. However, the fact that not only scientists, but also ordinary members of the community, were inclined to systematize social reality like the puzzle of the homogeneous “containers”, was out of the re­searchers’ attention. The main peculiarity of the modern situation around CMS consists in the circumstance that CMS is reproducing itself permanently in the common discourses, in the various confrontations and conflicts. The arti­cle’s authors try to show not just the methodological, but also the theoretical pos­sibilities of CMS for the social studies in Russia. In view of the principles, which the individuals use to identify themselves and others, the socio-humanitarian studies are capable to get a fundamentally new approach toward the analysis of the social field of the human existence as well as to diverge from the method­ological dogmatism in the field of the social sciences.

Fifty Years of Economic Research: a Brief History of the National Institute of Economic and Social Research 1938-88

1988 ◽  
Vol 124 ◽  
pp. 36-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kit Jones
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Rockefeller Foundation ◽  
Social Research ◽  
Research Effort ◽  
Economic Research ◽  
Advisory Panel ◽  
London School ◽  
The Social ◽  
History Of ◽  
London School Of Economics

The National Institute was founded in 1938, after a first initiative by Sir Josiah Stamp in the early 1930s. Stamp, who was the President of the London Midland and Scottish railway, had been connected with a Rockefeller Foundation scheme to provide fellowships in the social sciences; he became convinced that a wider attack was needed on the problem of financing the social sciences in Britain and his objective became the development of a central unit, of British origin, with funds under its own control. This would supplement and replace the help given by the Rockefeller Foundation (then the main source of research funds in the British social sciences) and develop an increasingly large research effort in economics and related subjects. Stamp made known his views and with the support of a number of prominent academics, in particular William Beveridge, Director of the London School of Economics; Henry Clay, Economic Adviser to the Bank of England; and Hubert Henderson, Secretary of the Economic Advisory Panel, began to search for British financial support.

Narrative inquiry for school-based research

2010 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 349-370 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shijing Xu ◽  
Michael Connelly
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Narrative Inquiry ◽  
Research Methodology ◽  
Social Sciences And Humanities ◽  
School Based ◽  
History Of ◽  
Distinguishing Features

Narrative inquiry is a rapidly developing social sciences and humanities research methodology. In this paper we provide a brief history of this development, indicate some of the distinguishing features of different lines of narrative inquiry, and describe a practical line of work which explicitly addresses school-based research.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document