scholarly journals Are Grassland Conservation Programs a Cost-Effective Way to Fight Climate Change? Evidence from France

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sylvain Chabé-Ferret ◽  
Anca Voia
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Forest Conservation ◽  
Natural Experiment ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Conservation Programs ◽  
Grassland Conservation ◽  
The World ◽  
Eligibility Requirements ◽  
Combat Climate Change ◽  
The Cost

Grasslands, especially when extensively managed and when replacing croplands, store Green-House Gases. As a result, Grassland Conservation Programs, that pay farmers for maintaining grassland cover, might be an effective way to combat climate change, if they succeed in triggering an increase in grassland cover for a reasonable amount of money. In this paper, we use a natural experiment to estimate the cost-effectiveness of the French Grassland Conservation Program, the largest of such programs in the world. We exploit a change in the eligibility requirements for the program that generated a sizable increase in the proportion of participants in the communes most affected by the program. We find that the expansion of the program leads to a small in- crease in grassland area, mainly at the expense of croplands, which implies that the program expansion increased carbon storage. We estimate that the climate benefits from the program are at most equal to 19%±37% of its costs. The program is thus not cost-effective for fighting climate change, especially when compared with forest conservation programs in developing countries whose benefits have been estimated to exceed costs by a factor of two. When taking into account the other benefits brought about by grassland, we find the benefits of the program to be equal to 32%±62% of its costs.

Carbon Tail Risk

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emirhan Ilhan ◽  
Zacharias Sautner ◽  
Grigory Vilkov
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Business Models ◽  
Policy Uncertainty ◽  
Tail Risk ◽  
Climate Regulation ◽  
Combat Climate Change ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Cost Of Protection ◽  
Regulatory Actions

Abstract Strong regulatory actions are needed to combat climate change, but climate policy uncertainty makes it difficult for investors to quantify the impact of future climate regulation. We show that such uncertainty is priced in the option market. The cost of option protection against downside tail risks is larger for firms with more carbon-intense business models. For carbon-intense firms, the cost of protection against downside tail risk is magnified at times when the public’s attention to climate change spikes, and it decreased after the election of climate change skeptic President Trump.

A Multiple Level of Detail Approach to the Tactical Movement Problem

2012 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. 749-756 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Beasley ◽  
◽  
P. Ross McAree
Keyword(s):  
Optimal Path ◽  
Optimal Solution ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Multiple Level ◽  
Practical Application ◽  
Robotic Excavator ◽  
The World ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Robotic Agent ◽  
Movement Problem

The tactical movement problemis considered to be one in which a robotic agent is required to move around its world to complete a task. This agent has manipulation abilities which allow it to perform work on its local surroundings. The coupled optimisation of the agent movements and manipulations is thus of key importance to minimise the cost of completing the task. The driving practical application in this paper is one of cost effective excavation in a mining environment. The agent is a mining shovel and it has the ability to manipulate the world through excavation actions. The problem becomes one of determining the optimal path that the shovel should take and the dig operations that should be completed at each point along the path. An initial solution is presented to automatically generate an optimized dig plan for a large robotic excavator. A wavelet based detail reduction approach is used which allows a near optimal solution of the problem to be generated in practically useful timeframes.

scholarly journals How will climate alter efficiency objectives? Simulated impact of using recent versus historic european weather data for the cost-optimal design of nearly zero energy buildings (NZEBs)

2019 ◽  
Vol 111 ◽  
pp. 04051
Author(s):  
Delia D’Agostino ◽  
Danny S. Parker
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Weather Data ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Economic Optimization ◽  
Zero Energy ◽  
Efficiency Measures ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Zero Energy Buildings

Achieving “nearly zero energy buildings” (NZEB) has been established as a vital objective over the next decade within the European Union (EU) [1,2]. Previous work has shown that a series of very cost effective thermal efficiency measures, equipment, appliance and renewable energy choices are available across climates to reach the NZEB objective. Resulting detailed energy and economic optimization findings have been obtained and published [3,4]. One area that has just begun to be explored, however, is how selection of weather files and their application against coming climate change can influence outcomes from energy optimization procedures.

Climate Lyricism

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Min Hyoung Song
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Daily Life ◽  
Richard Powers ◽  
Reading Practice ◽  
Frank O'hara ◽  
Kazuo Ishiguro ◽  
The World ◽  
Combat Climate Change ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Shared Agency

In Climate Lyricism Min Hyoung Song articulates a climate change-centered reading practice that foregrounds how climate is present in most literature. Song shows how literature, poetry, and essays by Tommy Pico, Solmaz Sharif, Frank O’Hara, Ilya Kaminsky, Claudia Rankine, Kazuo Ishiguro, Teju Cole, Richard Powers, and others help us to better grapple with our everyday encounters with climate change and its disastrous effects, which are inextricably linked to the legacies of racism, colonialism, and extraction. These works employ what Song calls climate lyricism—a mode of address in which a first-person “I” speaks to a “you” about how climate change thoroughly shapes daily life. The relationship between “I” and “you” in this lyricism, Song contends, affects the ways readers comprehend the world, fostering a model of shared agency from which it can become possible to collectively and urgently respond to the catastrophe of our rapidly changing climate. In this way, climate lyricism helps to ameliorate the sense of being overwhelmed and feeling unable to do anything to combat climate change.

Cost of climate change mitigation in Canada’s forest sector

2017 ◽  
Vol 47 (5) ◽  
pp. 604-614 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tony C. Lemprière ◽  
Emina Krcmar ◽  
Greg J. Rampley ◽  
Alison Beatch ◽  
Carolyn E. Smyth ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Forest Products ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Mitigation Strategies ◽  
Forest Sector ◽  
Spatial Unit ◽  
Net Revenue ◽  
Mitigate Climate Change ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Minimize Costs

Managing forests and forest products has substantial potential to help mitigate climate change but the cost has not been extensively examined in Canada. We estimated the cost of seven forest-related mitigation strategies in Canada’s 230 million hectares of managed forest, divided into 32 spatial units. For each strategy and spatial unit, we determined forest sector mitigation cost per tonne (t) using estimated impacts on forest sector greenhouse gas emissions and removals and net revenue. National cost curves showed that mitigation averaged 11.0 Mt CO2e·year–1 in 2015–2050 at costs below $50·t CO2e–1 for a strategy of increased recovery of harvested biomass, increased salvage, extraction of harvest residues for bioenergy, and increased production of longer lived products. We also examined national portfolios in which the strategy selected for each spatial unit (from among the seven examined) was chosen to maximize mitigation or minimize costs. At low levels of mitigation, portfolios chosen to minimize costs were much cheaper than those that maximized mitigation, but overall, they yielded less than half the total mitigation of the latter portfolios. Choosing strategies to maximize mitigation in 2015–2050 yielded an average of 16.5 Mt·year–1 at costs below $50·t CO2e–1. Our analysis suggests that forest-related strategies may be cost-effective choices to help achieve long-term emission reductions in Canada.

Optimum Seeking Position Control of Solar Collectors

2009 ◽  
Vol 62-64 ◽  
pp. 537-542
Author(s):  
A.S. Kadalla ◽  
I.L. Samaila ◽  
N.Z. Oriolowo
Keyword(s):  
Feedback Control ◽  
Experimental Work ◽  
Position Control ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Solar Collectors ◽  
Solar Systems ◽  
The World ◽  
Solar Conversion ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Feedback Control Theory

The main hindrance to the widespread of solar systems is the cost of the solar collectors. Researchers all over the world have been exploring different means of overcoming this limitation in order to make solar conversion more cost effective. This paper describes an experimental work on optimum seeking position of solar collectors using feedback control theory. Single axis tracking mode is employed together with sun seek sensor for automatic reset. The performance of the tracking collector compares favorably against a fixed collector.

Climate change, human mobility, and development

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan F Martin ◽  
Jonas Bergmann ◽  
Kanta Kumari Rigaud ◽  
Nadege Desiree Yameogo
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Human Mobility ◽  
Critical Issue ◽  
Global Knowledge ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
The World ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
Combat Climate Change ◽  
Development Perspective ◽  
Migration And Development

Absftract Elizabeth Ferris’ review of research on environmental change and human mobility in this colloquium points to the important role that development actors play in identifying potential solutions for affected persons. She mentions in particular the work of the World Bank’s Climate Change Group and the Global Knowledge Partnership on Migration and Development (KNOMAD). Such mobility is indeed a critical issue from a development perspective, as reflected in the Sustainable Development Goals. Goals 10.7. and 13 encourage states to ‘facilitate orderly, safe, regular and responsible migration and mobility of people’ and demand ‘urgent action to combat climate change and its impacts’, with a focus on enhancing mitigation, adaptation, and disaster risk reduction practices. The World Bank’s development goals of eradicating extreme poverty and boosting shared prosperity further recognize the need to build capacity in these areas.

scholarly journals PERSPEKTIF KEADILAN IKLIM DALAM INSTRUMEN HUKUM LINGKUNGAN INTERNASIONAL TENTANG PERUBAHAN IKLIM

2011 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Deni Bram
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Climate Justice ◽  
International Level ◽  
Environmental Disaster ◽  
World Community ◽  
The World ◽  
Mitigate Climate Change ◽  
Combat Climate Change

The issue of climate change has become a central point of attention the world community on this century. In scientists view says that if we fail to make significant reductions in greenhouse gas emissions for ten to twenty years ahead, we face the possibility of harmful environmental disaster at the end of this century. Legal instruments at international level which is present as a step to mitigate climate change were felt only in the interests of developing countries alone that puts the asymmetric advantage. The concept of climate justice is felt not touched so that the regime to combat climate change often fail in the fulfillment of justice for present and future.Keywords: climate change, intergenerational equity, intra generational equity

Pick your adventure: Does hydrology need to prepare for MadMax and Waterworld or for Star Trek?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rolf Hut
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Scientific Discipline ◽  
Future Climate Change ◽  
Coastal Zones ◽  
Academic Interest ◽  
Sea Levels ◽  
Societal Relevance ◽  
The World ◽  
Working Together ◽  
Combat Climate Change

<p>Ask people in 1940 what 2020 would be like and they would talk about hoverboards and whether androids dream of electric sheep. You wouldn’t get a lot of projections that 2020 would be a few degrees warmer globally, that glaciers are disappearing and coastal cities sinking… But they are. </p><p>Looking forward to 2100 it is the other way around: no idea what technology we’ll be using to communicate / commute and relax, but due to gigantic increase in geoscientific understanding over the last decades we do know for sure that the sea levels will continue to rise and global temperatures increase.</p><p>Hydrology has always been a scientific discipline that combines pure academic interest with high societal relevance. While venues of pure academic interest can go in all directions, we can use the predictions on future climate change to see what types of hydrological research will be relevant to society in 2100. </p><p>Are we on track for the RCP8.5 scenario with 4 degrees of (additional) global warming in 2100? This would lead to a combination of MadMax and Waterworld: current coastal zones will flood, whole islands will disappear and large parts of the world will become more desert-like. Or will the world come together and will nations and people start working together to collectively combat climate change to make sure we stay on the RCP2.5 scenario<sup>1</sup>?</p><p>In this invited talk I will sketch what scientific questions will be asked from hydrology in these situations and I will share my vision on how we can already start to prepare the knowledge base to be able to adequately answer these questions on our way to 2100.<br><br></p><p><sub><sup>1</sup>and invent faster than light travel in 2063...</sub></p>

BIOPLATO IN CRIMEA – THE SOLUTION TO AN OLD PROBLEM

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (175) ◽  
pp. 81-87
Author(s):  
V.A. Lisichkin ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Cost Effective ◽  
Wastewater Disposal ◽  
Main Obstacle ◽  
The World ◽  
Russian President ◽  
The Crimea ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Vladimir Putin ◽  
Tourist Flow

In a Message to the Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation, Russian President Vladimir Putin set the task of bringing the domestic tourist flow to Crimea to 20 million tourists a year. The main obstacle in solving this problem is the problem of water supply and wastewater treatment (wastewater disposal). The article proposes and describes the cost-effective and environmentally friendly technology of bio-cleaning – «Bioplato», successfully used in many countries of the world, the introduction of which in the Crimea will help to solve the main problem of tourism development on the peninsula.

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