scholarly journals Whose ideas are worth spreading? The representation of women and ethnic groups in TED talks

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carsten Schwemmer ◽  
Sebastian Jungkunz
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
White Male ◽  
Recognition Algorithm ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Digital Platforms ◽  
Representation Of Women ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Ethnicity And Gender ◽  
Ted Talks ◽  
Over Time

We investigate the representation of women and ethnic groups in TED talks, which reach a large online audience on YouTube with science-related content and topics on societal change. We argue that gaps in representation can create a misleading perception of science and the respective topics discussed in these talks. We validate annotations from an image recognition algorithm for identifying speaker ethnicity and gender to compile a data set of 2,333 TED talks and 1.2 million YouTube comments. Findings show that more than half of all talks were given by white male speakers. While the share of women increased over time, it is constantly low for non-white speakers. Topic modeling further shows that the share of talks addressing inequalities which affect both groups is low, but increasing over time. However, talks about inequalities and those given by female speakers receive substantially more negative sentiment on YouTube than others. Our findings highlight the importance of speaker and topic diversity on digital platforms to reduce stereotypes about scientists and science-related content.

THE RESILIENCE OF MINORITY AND FEMALE ENTREPRENEURS: A LOOK AT ETHNICITY AND GENDER

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
LOIS M SHELTON ◽  
MARIA V LUGO
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Social Stratification ◽  
White Male ◽  
Social Resilience ◽  
Female Entrepreneurs ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Marginalized Groups ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Ethnicity And Gender

By exploring the resilience skills of African-American, Hispanic and female entrepreneurs, this study examines entrepreneurs who face great obstacles, but still start more businesses than their White counterparts (Fairlie and Robb, 2009). The experiences of minorities and women lead to the development of risk and protective factors that result in differences in resilience. Here we present a model of resilience informed by the psychology and educational literatures which illustrates how particular experiences of minorities and women enable them to develop higher levels of resilience. In this model, the adaptive cultures of women and minorities equip them to overcome the adversity which arises from their social stratification as marginalized groups. We then test this model using a nationally representative, stratified random sample of 340 Black, Hispanic and White male and female entrepreneurs. The empirical results from two-way ANOVAs, Kruskal-Wallis H tests and multiple regression analysis indicate that Blacks and Hispanics had higher social resilience than White entrepreneurs, and that women had greater self and social resilience than male entrepreneurs.

Humanism and Gender

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monica R. Miller
Keyword(s):  
Human Nature ◽  
White Male ◽  
Space And Place ◽  
Social Difference ◽  
Time Space ◽  
Objective Rationality ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Over Time

Framed in terms of the problems associated with traditional thinking on gender within humanism, this chapter sets about the task of carving out an approach to humanism that would enable flexible, fluid, and malleable understandings of social difference, such as gender, by calling for a re-orientation of humanism that can account for human variability over time, space, and place. Essentially, the chapter argues that humanism’s reliance on fixed categories of reason and human nature has reinforced a White, male logic of domination. First, it suggests a rethinking of humanism as a constructed concept, rather than an idea that somehow metaphysically emanates from some universal core of “human nature.” The chapter suggests a charting of humanism that moves beyond essences insomuch that free-floating “essences” (e.g., gender) collapse the construction (of humanism) back onto, and within, the domain of metaphysics. Next, it looks at origins, attempting to disrupt the science-based situativity in Enlightenment notions of (white, male, objective) “rationality” that were constructed over and against “irrational” categories of difference, such as gender.

Labyrinths of Mestizaje

2019 ◽  
pp. 342-370
Author(s):  
Susan M. Deeds
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Cultural Beliefs ◽  
Early Growth ◽  
The Social ◽  
And Gender ◽  
And Migration ◽  
Agent Of Change ◽  
Social Separation ◽  
Primary Agent ◽  
Over Time

In the wake of the silver discoveries that fueled New Spain’s early growth, Spain deployed diverse strategies to incorporate the northern borderlands of Nueva Vizcaya. This article elaborates how natives responded to these efforts from the late sixteenth through the eighteenth centuries, and how a multiracial society evolved in the process. Decentering the mission as the primary agent of change, the article examines a larger dynamic of cultural and biological mixing across missions, haciendas, presidios and towns in which ethnic identities, subsistence patterns, cultural beliefs, and gender relations changed over time in conditions of violence and migration. Social and spatial mingling across ethnic groups was rife with possibilities for the subversion of the social separation and compliance that rulers tried to impose. In labyrinths of mestizaje, women and men—Indians, Europeans, Africans, and their progeny—quarreled, battled, procreated, and interacted in work, trade, leisure, sickness, witchcraft and spiritual activity.

Treatment and partner notification outcomes for gonorrhoea: effect of ethnicity and gender

2005 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 287-289 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ade Apoola ◽  
Isabelle Mantella ◽  
Mari Wotton ◽  
Keith Radcliffe
Keyword(s):  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Partner Notification ◽  
Ethnic Origin ◽  
Gonococcal Infection ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Ethnicity And Gender

We assessed if gender and ethnicity were associated with differences in the number of patients satisfactorily treated and number of partners successfully treated for genital gonococcal infection by reviewing 400 cases. There were no differences in the rates of satisfactory treatment of gonorrhoea between men and women and the different ethnic groups. There was no difference in satisfactory partner treatment rates by ethnic origin; however, men were less likely to have their contacts satisfactorily treated within 28 days of diagnosis (odds ratio=0.05, 95% confidence interval 0.3–0.7). This inequality may lead to difficulties in reducing the number of new gonorrhoea cases. More research is needed to find out why men behave differently from women regarding partner notification for genital gonorrhoea infection.

Identity in Campaign Finance and Elections: The Impact of Gender and Race on Money Raised in 2010–2018 U.S. House Elections

2021 ◽  
pp. 106591292110228
Author(s):  
Ashley Sorensen ◽  
Philip Chen
Keyword(s):  
Campaign Finance ◽  
Original Data ◽  
Descriptive Representation ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Gender And Race ◽  
Race And Gender ◽  
Representation Of Women ◽  
Unequal Access ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Impact

Disproportionate rates of congressional representation based on gender and race are especially stark considering the symbolic and substantive meaning derived from descriptive representation (Mansbridge 1999). Using an original data set consisting of candidate demographics, district characteristics, and campaign finance reports, we analyze an understudied barrier to representation: unequal access to campaign receipts. We argue that it is the simultaneous gendering and racialization of the campaign finance system that produces gaps in campaign fundraising and representation (Crenshaw 1989). Our results underscore the limitations of unitary approaches which conclude that women no longer face a disadvantage in campaign fundraising. Unequal access to campaign receipts serve as a barrier to the descriptive representation of women of color. By analyzing the interaction of both race and gender on campaign receipt totals in U.S. House elections from 2010 to 2018, we assert the path to representation is not equal for all.

scholarly journals Inequality, Social Mobility and the New Economy: Introduction

2017 ◽  
Vol 240 ◽  
pp. R1-R4
Author(s):  
Heather Rolfe
Keyword(s):  
Labour Market ◽  
Business Models ◽  
Social Protection ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Digital Platforms ◽  
Gig Economy ◽  
New Business ◽  
Traditional Work ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Ethnicity And Gender

The world of work is changing in ways that were not anticipated at the start of the century. Technology, globalisation and the creation of new business models based on digital platforms are creating new types of jobs, contracting arrangements and transactions. As Diane Coyle describes in her paper on work in the digital economy, temporary and flexible contracts are proliferating, with an estimated 905,000 people on ‘zero hours’, 29 per cent higher than in 2014. While remote working has been common in sectors such as IT for some time, the workplace itself has transformed for many and is in some cases virtual rather than physical. These changes offer opportunities for some, including those who are excluded from traditional work modes, and challenges for others. Platform models such as the on-line marketplace Etsy may facilitate access to the formal labour market for the economically inactive or long-term unemployed but offer little social protection. Regardless of the outcome of current legal disputes over the employment status of ‘employees’ or ‘service providers’ in the ‘gig’ economy, because of difficulties in enforcement, these new forms of work carry a strong potential to exacerbate inequalities in the labour market which are apparent in disparities by social class, ethnicity and gender.

Integrating Gender and Ethnicity into Psychology Courses

1998 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margaret E. Madden ◽  
Janet Shibley Hyde
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Inclusive Curriculum ◽  
Interdisciplinary Nature ◽  
Psychology Courses ◽  
Course Material ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Many ◽  
Ethnicity And Gender

In this introduction to the special issue on teaching about gender and ethnicity in psychology, we consider the assumptions underlying an inclusive curriculum that pays attention to gender and ethnicity and address why such a curriculum has merit. We review empirical studies, assessing whether existing curricula are inclusive, and present an overview of the articles and the recurrent themes. These themes include the complexity of the interaction between ethnicity and gender; the difficulty of deciding which of the many possible ethnic groups to include in course material; the dominance of evaluative comparison in discussions of differences among groups; the interdisciplinary nature of research on ethnicity; and the tendency in psychology to ignore the importance of the power differences that confound analyses of the effect of ethnicity and gender.

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