scholarly journals The Attitude-Behaviour Gap in Sustainable Tourism

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emil Juvan ◽  
Sara Dolnicar
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Protection ◽  
Environmental Impacts ◽  
Sustainable Tourism ◽  
Environmental Consequences ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Gaining Insight ◽  
At Home

This study investigates why people who actively engage in environmental protection at home engage, albeit unintentionally, in vacation behaviour which has negative environmental consequences. The environmental activists participating in the study were highly aware of the negative environmental consequences of tourism in general, but all displayed an attitude–behaviour gap which made them feel uncomfortable. Participants did not report changing their behaviour; instead, they offered a wide range of explanations justifying their tourist activities. Gaining insight into these explanations contributes to our understanding of why it is so difficult to motivate people to minimize the negative environmental impacts of their vacations, and represents a promising starting point for new interventions to reduce environmentally unsustainable tourism behaviours.

scholarly journals Promoting youth mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic: A longitudinal study

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (8) ◽  
pp. e0255294
Author(s):  
Maya L. Rosen ◽  
Alexandra M. Rodman ◽  
Steven W. Kasparek ◽  
Makeda Mayes ◽  
Malila M. Freeman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
News Media ◽  
Screen Time ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Externalizing Psychopathology ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Face ◽  
Internalizing And Externalizing ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
At Home

The COVID-19 pandemic has introduced novel stressors into the lives of youth. Identifying factors that protect against the onset of psychopathology in the face of these stressors is critical. We examine a wide range of factors that may protect youth from developing psychopathology during the pandemic. We assessed pandemic-related stressors, internalizing and externalizing psychopathology, and potential protective factors by combining two longitudinal samples of children and adolescents (N = 224, 7–10 and 13–15 years) assessed prior to the pandemic, during the stay-at-home orders, and six months later. We evaluated how family behaviors during the stay-at-home orders were related to changes in psychopathology during the pandemic, identified factors that moderate the association of pandemic-related stressors with psychopathology, and determined whether associations varied by age. Internalizing and externalizing psychopathology increased substantially during the pandemic. Higher exposure to pandemic-related stressors was associated with increases in internalizing and externalizing symptoms early in the pandemic and six months later. Having a structured routine, less passive screen time, lower exposure to news media about the pandemic, and to a lesser extent more time in nature and getting adequate sleep were associated with reduced psychopathology. The association between pandemic-related stressors and psychopathology was reduced for youths with limited passive screen time and was absent for children, but not adolescents, with lower news media consumption related to the pandemic. We provide insight into simple, practical steps families can take to promote resilience against mental health problems in youth during the COVID-19 pandemic and protect against psychopathology following pandemic-related stressors.

scholarly journals Mapping Environmental Impacts of Rapid Urbanisation and Deriving Relationship between NDVI, NDBI and Surface Temperature: A Case Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 940 (1) ◽  
pp. 012005
Author(s):  
V Saini
Keyword(s):  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Environmental Impacts ◽  
Landsat Data ◽  
Environmental Consequences ◽  
The North ◽  
Hybrid Classification ◽  
Critical Components ◽  
North Western ◽  
Insight Into

Abstract Urbanisation is a complex global phenomenon driven by unorganised expansion, increased immigration, and population explosion. Changes in land cover are one of the most critical components for managing natural resources and monitoring environmental impacts in this context. In the present study, a hybrid classification approach was applied to Landsat data to get insight into the urbanisation of the Chandigarh capital region from 2000 to 2020. The results demonstrate an increasing urbanisation tendency on the city’s outskirts, particularly in the north-western and southern directions. The most considerable alterations were seen in the class vegetation as it swiftly transformed to built-up regions. Two indices, namely NDVI and NDBI and surface temperature images, were also derived from studying their inter-relationships. The paper suggests a positive linear relationship between surface temperature and NDBI while a negative correlation between NDVI and NDBI. Such studies may help city planners to take timely and appropriate efforts to reduce the environmental consequences of urbanisation.

scholarly journals VET workers’ problem-solving skills in technology-rich environments: European approach

2014 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raija Hämäläinen ◽  
Sebastiano Cincinnato ◽  
Antero Malin ◽  
Bram De Wever
Keyword(s):  
Problem Solving ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Assessment Data ◽  
Problem Solving Skills ◽  
Large Scale Assessment ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
High Level ◽  
Source Of Information ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Gaining Insight

The European workplace is challenging VET adults’ problem-solving skills in technology-rich environments (TREs). So far, no international large-scale assessment data has been available for VET. The PIAAC data comprise the most comprehensive source of information on adults’ skills to date. The present study (N=50 369) focuses on gaining insight into the problem-solving skills in TREs of adults with a VET background. When examining the similarities and differences in VET adults’ problem-solving skills in TREs across 11 European countries, two main trends can be observed. First, our results show that only a minority of VET adults perform at a high level. Second, there seems to be substantial variation between countries with respect to the proportion of VET adults that can be identified as “at-risk” or “weak” performers. For the future, our findings indicate the variations that can be used as a starting point to identify beneficial VET approaches. 

The art of flexibility: bridging five generations in the workforce

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 107-110
Author(s):  
Julie Smith ◽  
Susan Garriety
Keyword(s):  
Policy Development ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Employee Relations ◽  
Valuable Insight ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities ◽  
Good Starting Point ◽  
Insight Into

Purpose Being successful in a rapidly changing world of work depends upon having very clear insights into the nature of the workforce from top leadership to lowest employee levels. Understanding generational similarities and differences provides a good starting point, as it provides the basis for examining the diversity of generational perspectives and needs and insight and instruction to open the thinking about the diverse population of employees. The purpose of this paper is to explore ways to bridge the five generations that work in today’s workforce. Design/methodology/approach Human resources has an especially important role to play in employee policy development and implementation, employee relations, performance evaluation, career progression and a wide range of other equally important and complex situations. Findings While it is important to understand these broad generations, it is critical to engage with the individuals within your organization to better understand their perspectives, what matters most to them and where they see the greatest challenges and opportunities to bridge across generations. This paper explores approaches to take in bridging these generations. Originality/value This paper will offer readers valuable insight into managing a multi-generational workforce.

Environmental Consequences of Reducing the Federal Role in Transportation: Legal Framework

1998 ◽  
Vol 1626 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donna Downing ◽  
Robert B. Noland
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Protection ◽  
Environmental Impacts ◽  
Environmental Law ◽  
Federal Funding ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
National Environmental Policy Act ◽  
Environmental Implications ◽  
State Laws ◽  
Environmental Consequences ◽  
Key Factor

The Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act (ISTEA) currently provides transportation grants to states financed by the Highway and Mass Transit Trust Funds and establishes a variety of requirements that seek to make environment a key factor in transportation planning and implementation. Devolution of the federal role would make states responsible for financing highway and transit improvements and for making related policy and program decisions. Although ISTEA is not primarily an environmental law, it contains numerous provisions that take into account the environmental implications of authorized activities. In addition, federal funding can trigger requirements for “major investment study” and National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) processes that consider environmental impacts of proposed projects and allow for public comment. Devolution could affect the number of transportation projects subject to such scrutiny, where federal funding is the sole element that “federalizes” a project enough to make major investment study or NEPA requirements apply. And, although many other federal and state laws provide environmental protection, they typically do not focus on achieving an environmentally friendly transportation system. The impacts that devolution could have on environmental protection are explored here. The environmental provisions currently in ISTEA are reviewed and the potential role of NEPA and the Unfunded Mandates Reform Act in a devolution environment is identified. Other federal or state laws that may be available to “stand in” for environmental provisions eliminated or weakened by devolution are explored, and the potential environmental impacts of a reduced federal role in transportation oversight are discussed.

scholarly journals Dementia, death and advance directives

2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 499-506 ◽  
Author(s):  
JONATHAN WOLFF
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
End Of Life ◽  
Advance Directives ◽  
Health Condition ◽  
End Of Life Decisions ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Life Decisions ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
At Home

AbstractThis article considers the ethics of advance directives, especially in relation to conditions such as dementia. For some choices, such as over whether one's life should end at home or in a hospice, advance directives can be very enlightened and helpful. For others, such as those to end the life of an autonomous subject, against their will, have no moral appeal and would rightly be ignored. In a wide range of intermediate cases, given our typical lack of insight into how changes in our health condition will affect us in other ways, we should be very cautious indeed in promoting the use of advance directives in end-of-life decisions, at least where a reasonable quality of life remains. There may be some reasons for giving priority to the earlier autonomous self over a later, contented but non-autonomous self, but these reasons seem far from compelling.

scholarly journals Dynamic energy budget approaches for modelling organismal ageing

2010 ◽  
Vol 365 (1557) ◽  
pp. 3443-3454 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ingeborg M. M. van Leeuwen ◽  
Julio Vera ◽  
Olaf Wolkenhauer
Keyword(s):  
Energy Metabolism ◽  
Ageing Process ◽  
Energy Budgets ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Wear And Tear ◽  
Strong Relation ◽  
Competing Causes ◽  
Living Organisms ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Gaining Insight

Ageing is a complex multifactorial process involving a progressive physiological decline that, ultimately, leads to the death of an organism. It involves multiple changes in many components that play fundamental roles under healthy and pathological conditions. Simultaneously, every organism undergoes accumulative ‘wear and tear’ during its lifespan, which confounds the effects of the ageing process. The scenario is complicated even further by the presence of both age-dependent and age-independent competing causes of death. Various manipulations have been shown to interfere with the ageing process. Calorie restriction, for example, has been reported to increase the lifespan of a wide range of organisms, which suggests a strong relation between energy metabolism and ageing. Such a link is also supported within the main theories for ageing: the free radical hypothesis, for instance, links oxidative damage production directly to energy metabolism. The Dynamic Energy Budgets (DEB) theory, which characterizes the uptake and use of energy by living organisms, therefore constitutes a useful tool for gaining insight into the ageing process. Here we compare the existing DEB-based modelling approaches and, then, discuss how new biological evidence could be incorporated within a DEB framework.

Gaining Insight into Students' Thinking through Assessment Tasks

2000 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 136-144
Author(s):  
Despina A. Stylianou ◽  
Patricia Ann Kenney ◽  
Edward A. Silver ◽  
Cengiz Alacaci
Keyword(s):  
Middle School ◽  
Middle School Students ◽  
School Students ◽  
Solution Strategies ◽  
Assessment Tasks ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Gaining Insight

The task in Figure 1A, which was given to middle school students, asked them to find the number of dots in the twentieth step of the pattern. As shown in figure 1b, the answers that students gave ranged from 20 dots to well over 60 million dots. If your students gave these answers without providing work or explanations, would you be able to tell how they obtained them? Probably not. Without looking closely at the students' work or explanations or talking to them about their solution strategies, it is difficult to understand how they were thinking about the pattern task and how their thinking could have produced such a wide range of answers.

Sentence-Based Experience Logging in New Hearing Aid Users

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (3S) ◽  
pp. 631-637
Author(s):  
Katja Lund ◽  
Rodrigo Ordoñez ◽  
Jens Bo Nielsen ◽  
Dorte Hammershøi
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Aid ◽  
Patient Experiences ◽  
Online Tool ◽  
Rehabilitation Process ◽  
Hearing Rehabilitation ◽  
Clinical Observations ◽  
Hearing Aid Use ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Shed Light

Purpose The aim of this study was to develop a tool to gain insight into the daily experiences of new hearing aid users and to shed light on aspects of aided performance that may not be unveiled through standard questionnaires. Method The tool is developed based on clinical observations, patient experiences, expert involvement, and existing validated hearing rehabilitation questionnaires. Results An online tool for collecting data related to hearing aid use was developed. The tool is based on 453 prefabricated sentences representing experiences within 13 categories related to hearing aid use. Conclusions The tool has the potential to reflect a wide range of individual experiences with hearing aid use, including auditory and nonauditory aspects. These experiences may hold important knowledge for both the patient and the professional in the hearing rehabilitation process.

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