scholarly journals Intergenerational support and reproduction of gender inequalities: A case study from western and eastern Germany

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreas Klärner
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Role Models ◽  
Qualitative Interviews ◽  
Gender Inequalities ◽  
Intergenerational Support ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Traditional Role ◽  
Eastern Germany ◽  
Flexible Form ◽  
Western Germany

Social support is often described as an exclusively positively acting factor. Its absence is said to mean negative consequences for individuals. This article shows that the supply and dependence of intergenerational social support can have negative consequences and pertains to persisting unequal gender roles and a gendered division of labor in relationships. Based on qualitative interviews, conducted in eastern and western Germany, with young adults (28-30 years old) and their parents, we hypothesize, that the bigger supply of intergenerational support of grandparents for their children and grandchildren and an alleged dependence on these transfers is especially responsible for impeding the modernization of traditional role models assigning women to the role as a mother and housewife. However, less availability and dependence on this kind of social support in eastern Germany, contribute to a more flexible form of role allocation in a relationship.

Impact of Job Stress and Social Support on Job Satisfaction among Academic Staff

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kumari Kumkum ◽  
R. N. Singh ◽  
Yogershi Rajpoot
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Job Satisfaction ◽  
Job Stress ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Academic Staff ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
The Other ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Four Dimensions

There may be so many negative consequences of stress for human beings and dissatisfaction among employees happens to be one of the major problems. It indicates negative feelings that individuals have regarding their jobs or its facets. On the other hand, social support is assumed to be mitigating the relationship between negative aspects of the work environment and job satisfaction. Job stress is said to be associated with job dissatisfaction as well as experience of strain. In view of the above, this study examined the role of job stress and social support in job satisfaction. The sample consisted of 30 school teachers from different school of Varanasi (U.P.). The job stress, job satisfaction and social support scales were administered on the participants. The responses of the participants were converted into scores for statistical analyses. The scores of participants on the scales were correlated. The findings revealed that job stress led to increased job satisfaction. It is against the proposed hypothesis and it appears as if the social support received by the participants is a factor behind it. Two of the four dimensions of social support were found to exert positive impact on job satisfaction but the other two dimensions were not found to be correlated with it. The findings are thoroughly discussed and interpreted.

scholarly journals Uncovering Burdens, Examining Needs, and Shedding Assumptions of Evidence-Based Social Support Programs for Mothers: A Descriptive Qualitative Study in a Remote Community

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 233339362110357
Author(s):  
Johanna R. Jahnke ◽  
Julee Waldrop ◽  
Alasia Ledford ◽  
Beatriz Martinez
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Young Children ◽  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Qualitative Interviews ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Community Stakeholders ◽  
Significant Burden ◽  
Many Sources ◽  
Evidence Based Programs

Many studies have demonstrated a significant burden of maternal stress and depression for women living on the Galápagos Islands. Here, we aim to uncover burdens and needs of women with young children on San Cristóbal Island and then explore options for implementing evidence-based programs of social support to meet these needs. We conducted 17 semi-structured qualitative interviews with mothers of young children, healthcare workers, and community stakeholders. We then used Summary Oral Reflective Analysis (SORA), an interactive methodology, for qualitative analysis. Despite initial reports of a low-stress environment, women described many sources of stress and concerns for their own and their children’s health and well-being. We uncovered three broad areas of need for mothers of young children: (1) the need for information and services, (2) the need for trust, and (3) the need for space. In response to these concerns, mothers, healthcare workers, and community leaders overwhelmingly agreed that a social support program would be beneficial for the health of mothers and young children. Still, they expressed concern over the feasibility of such a program. To address these feasibility concerns, we propose that a web-based education and social support intervention led by nurses would best meet mothers’ needs. Women could learn about child health and development, develop strong, trusting friendships with other mothers, and have their own space to speak freely among experts and peers.

Gender inequalities in perceived stress and the factors affecting it in infertile couples in Iranian society: a case in one of the provinces of Iran

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sima Mirzaei Moghadam ◽  
Hassan Mahmoodi ◽  
Farzaneh Zaheri ◽  
Azad Shokri
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Perceived Stress ◽  
Medical Center ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Gender Inequalities ◽  
Social Emotional ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Emotional Loneliness ◽  
Infertile Couples ◽  
Related Stress

Purpose The aim of this study is to investigate the gender inequalities in perceived stress and the influencing factors in infertile couples in Iranian society. Design/methodology/approach This cross-sectional study was conducted on infertile couples who were referring to Kurdistan Infertility Diagnosis and Treatment Medical Center in 2019. Demographic and clinical information questionnaire, Newton's Infertility perceived stress questionnaire, Rosenberg's standard self-confidence questionnaire and the multidimensional scale of social support were used. Multiple linear logistic models were also used. Findings A total of 560 couples (1,120 people) participated in the study. The average perceived infertility-related stress, self-esteem scores and social support and social-emotional loneliness were 173.95 ± 41.87, 13.99 ± 2.29 and 27.81 ± 7.33, respectively, which were significantly different scores across infertility cause and sex (P < 0.05). Males compared to females had lower perceived infertility-related stress (169.93 ± 42.51 vs 177.97 ± 40.86, P = 0.001) and self-esteem scores (14.33 ± 2.29 vs 13.66 ± 2.24, P < 0.001) and social support and social-emotional loneliness (32.92 ± 9.31 vs 30.94 ± 9.04, P < 0.001). The partners who reported themselves as infertile, compared significantly higher in perceived infertility-related stress than those who reported their spouse being infertile (194.24 ± 35.33 vs 141.90 ± 39.28), lower self-esteem scores (12.77 ± 2.21 vs 13.94 ± 1.56) and social support and social-emotional loneliness score (27.81 ± 7.33 vs 30.11 ± 7.70). Also, after taking potential confounders into account with increase in each score of self-esteem, 12.19 units of stress decreases (P < 0.001, 95% CI: 11.40–12.99) and with increase in each score of social support and social-emotional loneliness, 3.45 units of stress decreases (P < 0.001, 95% CI: 3.28–3.63). Originality/value There is perceived stress among infertile couples, and this rate is higher among infertile people and women. Therefore, it seems that specific intervention programs for infertile couples should be implemented based on the results of this study, and their stress levels in a way that self-esteem and support for both partners be increased and the perceived stress among women and infertile individuals be decreased.

scholarly journals Toward a dynamic model of Gelotophobia: Social support, workplace bullying and stress are connected with diverging trajectories of life and job satisfaction among Gelotophobes

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Willibald Ruch ◽  
Alexander G. Stahlmann
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Job Satisfaction ◽  
Panel Data ◽  
Work Stress ◽  
Perceived Stress ◽  
Workplace Bullying ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Dynamic Framework ◽  
And Performance

Abstract Recent theoretical advances have grounded gelotophobia (Greek: gelos = laughter, phobos = fear) in a dynamic framework of causes, moderating factors, and consequences of the fear of being laughed at. This understanding corresponds to that of vulnerability and translates gelotophobia into a distinguishable pattern of lacking resources (i.e., misinterpretation of joy and laughter) that can result in negative consequences (e.g., reduced well-being and performance) if individuals have no access to further resources (e.g., social support) or are exposed to severe stressors (e.g., workplace bullying). Based on the panel data provided by the Swiss National Centre of Competence in Research LIVES (N = 2469 across six measurement intervals), this study takes the first step toward empirically testing this model’s assumptions: First, we computed exemplary zero-order correlations and showed that gelotophobia was negatively connected with social support (resource) and life and job satisfaction (consequences) and positively connected with perceived stress, work stress, and workplace bullying (stressors). Second, we used longitudinal cluster analyses (KmL; k-means-longitudinal) and showed that the panel data can be clustered into three stable patterns of life and job satisfaction and that gelotophobia is primarily related to the two clusters marked by lower levels of satisfaction. Third, we computed partial correlations and showed that social support, perceived stress, and work stress (but not workplace bullying) can weaken or completely resolve gelotophobia’s relationships with such diverging trajectories of life and job satisfaction. We concluded that seeing gelotophobia through the lens of vulnerability is useful and that such research warrants further attention using more dedicated, theoretically grounded projects.

scholarly journals Reflections on Hip Fracture Recovery From Older Adults Enrolled in a Clinical Trial

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 233372141769766 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Stott-Eveneshen ◽  
Joanie Sims-Gould ◽  
Megan M. McAllister ◽  
Lena Fleig ◽  
Heather M. Hanson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Hip Fracture ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Qualitative Interviews ◽  
Management Program ◽  
Knowledge Resources ◽  
Study Staff ◽  
Fracture Management ◽  
Positive Perspective

This study describes patients’ perspectives on recovery during participation in a randomized controlled trial that tested a postoperative hip fracture management program (B4 Clinic), compared with usual care, on mobility. Semistructured qualitative interviews were conducted with 50 older adults with hip fracture (from both groups) twice over 12 months. A total of 32 women (64%) and 18 men (36%) participated in the study with a mean age at baseline of 82 (range = 65-98) years. A total of 40 participants reported recovery goals at some point during their recovery from hip fracture but only 18 participants realized their goals within 12 months. Recovering mobility, returning to prefracture activities, and obtaining stable health were the most commonly reported goals. Participants described good social support, access to physiotherapy, and positive perspective as most important to recovery. These factors were influenced by participants’ knowledge, resources, and monthly contact with study staff (perceived as a form of social support). The most frequently reported barriers to participants’ recovery were the onset of complications, pain, and limited access to physiotherapy. Potential implications of these findings include design and modification of new or preexisting fracture programs, prioritizing patient engagement and enhanced knowledge for future clinical research in hip fracture recovery.

scholarly journals MENORES EN SITUACIÓN DE DESPROTECCIÓN ACOGIDOS EN CENTROS Y RED SOCIAL DE APOYO

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 269
Author(s):  
Ana I. Isidro de Pedro ◽  
Victoria De Miguel Yubero
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Social Network ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Measurement Instrument ◽  
Experimental Methodology ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Socialization Process ◽  
Protection Measures ◽  
Apoyo Social ◽  
La Red

Abstract.MINORS IN DEPROTECTION SITUATION LIVING IN RESIDENTIAL CENTERS AND SUPPORT SOCIAL NETWORKThe present work focuses on the study of the influence of the support social network for minors in deprotection situation, because the importance that achieves the person-society relationship is irrefutable. The study deals with the Ecological Systems Theory by Bronffernbrenner, which emphasizes the importance of the influence that some agents have over the others within the support social network of the minors. Socialization is an everlasting process by which a biological being transforms into a social being belonging to a given society. If the main social agents (family, school, peer groups, media and new technologies, professionals of the social fields of the minors, etc.) do not adequately fulfill their functions, the biopsychosocial development of the institutionalized minors is at risk, having negative consequences in the rest of the agents also. Thus, it was considered and checked if the support social network is damaged in minors with protective measures. An analytical empirical research based on the positivist paradigm was performed belongs to a non-experimental methodology. The sample consisted of 104 subjects, minors with measures of protection (residents in centers) and without protection measures (residents in their family home). The measurement instrument used was the adaptation of the Functional Social Support Questionnaire by Duke-UNK and data processing was performed by using the SPSS statistical package. It was observed that minors living in a normalized family nucleus shown significantly higher scores on perceived social support than minors living in centers. Due to the dynamic nature of the socialization process, the necessity of intervene in this respect is undeniable in order to improve the biopsychosocial development of minors in lack of protection situation.Keywords: Social support; Support social network; Minors; Deprotection situationResumen.El presente trabajo se centra en el estudio de la influencia de la red social de apoyo en menores en situación de desprotección, pues es irrefutable la importancia que adquiere la relación personasociedad. El estudio gira en torno a la Teoría Ecológica de Bronffernbrenner, que enfatiza la importancia de la influencia que tienen unos agentes sobre otros dentro de la red social de apoyo de los menores. La socialización es un proceso imperecedero mediante el cual un ser biológico pasa a transformarse en un ser social propio de una sociedad determinada. Si los principales agentes sociales (familia, escuela, grupo de iguales, medios de comunicación y nuevas tecnologías, profesionales del ámbito social del menor, etc.) no cumplen sus funciones adecuadamente, el desarrollo biopsicosocial del menor institucionalizado está en riesgo, teniendo también consecuencias negativas en el resto de los agentes. Así, se planteó y se llevó a comprobación si la red social de apoyo se ve dañada en menores con medidas de protección. Se realizó una investigación empírico analítica basada en el paradigma positivista, enmarcada dentro de una metodología no experimental. La muestra estuvo conformada por 104 sujetos, menores con medidas de protección –en acogimiento residencial– y sin medidas de protección –residentes en su vivienda familiar–. El instrumento de medida utilizado fue la adaptación del Cuestionario de Apoyo Funcional de Duke-UNK y el tratamiento de datos se realizó mediante el paquete estadístico SPSS. Se observó cómo aquellos menores que viven en un núcleo familiar normalizado presentan puntuaciones significativamente mayores en el apoyo social percibido que los menores institucionalizados. Debido al carácter dinámico del proceso de socialización, es innegable la necesidad de intervenir en este aspecto para mejorar el desarrollo biopsicosocial de los menores en situación de desprotección.Palabras clave: Apoyo social, Red social de apoyo; Menores; Situación de desprotección

scholarly journals What does social support sound like? Challenges and opportunities for using passive episodic audio collection to assess the social environment

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anubhuti Poudyal ◽  
Alastair van Heerden ◽  
Ashley Hagaman ◽  
Celia Islam ◽  
Ada Thapa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Social Support ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Social Interactions ◽  
Social Environment ◽  
Mobile Phones ◽  
Adolescent Mothers ◽  
Qualitative Interviews ◽  
The Social ◽  
Audio Data

Abstract Background: The social environment, including social support, social burden, and quality of interactions, influences a range of health outcomes, including mental health. Passive audio data collection on mobile phones (e.g., episodic recording of the auditory environment without requiring any active input from the phone user) enables new opportunities to understand the social environment. We evaluated the use of passive audio collection on mobile phones as a window onto the relationship between the social environment within a study of mental health among adolescent mothers in Nepal.Methods: We enrolled 23 adolescent mothers who first participated in qualitative interviews to describe their social support and identify sounds potentially associated with that support. Then episodic recordings were collected for two weeks from the same women using an app to capture 30 seconds of audio every 15 minutes from 4am to 9pm. Audio data were processed and classified using a pretrained model. Each classification category was accompanied by a predicted accuracy score. Manual validation of the machine-predicted speech and non-speech categories (10%) was done for accuracy.Results: In qualitative interviews, mothers described a range of positive and negative social interactions and the sounds that accompanied these. Potential positive sounds included adult speech and laughter, baby babbling and laughter, and sounds from baby toys. Sounds characterizing negative stimuli included yelling, crying, screaming by adults and crying by babies. Sounds associated with social isolation included silence and TV or radio noises. Speech comprised of 43% of all passively recorded audio clips (n=7725). Manual validation showed a 23% false positive rate and 62% false-negative rate for speech, demonstrating potential underestimation of speech exposure. Other common sounds included music and vehicular noises.Conclusions: Passively capturing audio has the potential to improve understanding of the social environment. However, the limited accuracy of the pre-trained model used in this study did not adequately distinguish between positive and negative social interactions. To improve the contribution of passive audio collection to understanding the social environment, future work should improve the accuracy of audio categorization, code for constellations of sounds, and combine audio with other smartphone data collection such as location and activity.

scholarly journals Smartphone and Facebook addictions share common risk and prognostic factors in a sample of undergraduate students

2019 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 358-368 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julia Machado Khoury ◽  
Maila de Castro Lourenço das Neves ◽  
Marco Antônio Valente Roque ◽  
André Augusto Correa de Freitas ◽  
Michele Ralil da Costa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Substance Abuse ◽  
Anxiety Disorders ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
Smartphone Addiction ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Substance Abuse Disorders ◽  
Facebook Addiction

Abstract Introduction To improve the comprehension of the interface between smartphone addiction (SA) and Facebook addiction (FA), we hypothesize that the occurrence of both technological addictions correlate, with higher levels of negative consequences. Moreover, we hypothesize that SA is associated with lower levels of social support satisfaction. Methods We recruited a convenience sample of undergraduate students from Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, with age ranging between 18 and 35 years. All subjects completed a self-fulfilled questionnaire comprising sociodemographic data, the Brazilian Smartphone Addiction Inventory (SPAI-BR), the Bergen Scale for Facebook Addiction, the Barrat Impulsivity Scale 11 (BIS-11), the Social Support Satisfaction Scale (SSSS), and the Brief Sensation Seeking Scale (BSSS-8). After completing the questionnaire, the interviewer conducted a Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI). Results In the univariate analysis, SA associated with female gender, with ages 18 to 25 years, FA, substance abuse disorders, major depressive disorder, anxiety disorders, low scores in SSSS, high scores in BSSS-8, and high scores in BIS. The group with SA and FA presented a higher prevalence of substance abuse disorders, depression, and anxiety disorders when compared to the group with SA only. Conclusion In our sample, co-occurrence of SA and FA correlated with higher levels of negative consequences and lower levels of social support satisfaction. These results strongly suggest that SA and FA share some elements of vulnerability. Further studies are warranted to clarify the directions of these associations.

scholarly journals Non-parental Adults and Sexual Health Behaviors Among Young Minority Men: A Qualitative Examination

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emma M. Sterrett-Hong ◽  
Joseph DeBow ◽  
Erica Caton ◽  
Matthew Harris ◽  
Russell Brewer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Sexual Health ◽  
Health Behaviors ◽  
Role Models ◽  
Framework Analysis ◽  
Sexual Minority Men ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Structural Risk ◽  
Minority Men ◽  
Sexual Health Behaviors

Young Black and Latino sexual minority men (YBLSM) exhibit disproportionately high rates of negative sexual health outcomes, including HIV and other sexually transmitted infections, compared to other groups, partly due to relatively higher rates of exposure to a host of socio-structural risk factors (e.g., unstable housing and under-employment). However, an under-studied interpersonal resource exists for many YBLSM, non-parental adults (NPAs, i.e., adults who act as role models and provide social support), who may be able to influence contextual (e.g., unemployment) and individual (e.g., reduced health expectations) factors underlying sexual health disparities.Aims: This study sought to examine the role of NPAs in factors that affect sexual health behaviors and in supporting those health behaviors directly, among YBLSM living in a mid-sized city in the southern United States. A total of n=20 participants, n=10 YBLSM (ages 16 to 22), and n=10 NPAs (ages 26 to 52) were interviewed using semi-structured guides to examine NPA involvement in the lives of YBLSM from both sides of the relationship. The research team used a framework analysis approach to iteratively identify and define meaningful codes and sub-codes. Both YBLSM and NPAs described NPAs helping YBLSM through role modeling and social support in a variety of areas found to affect sexual health behaviors, such as housing instability and psychological distress, as well as in specific behaviors, such as condom use and HIV medication adherence. Given the multiple socio-structural obstacles facing YBLSM and their multifaceted relationships with NPAs, NPAs may be a promising resource to help address these impediments to health. Partnering more intentionally with NPAs is a potentially promising strategy to help reduce HIV-related disparities affecting YBLSM that is worthy of additional empirical attention.

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