scholarly journals A Parallel Formulation of Whorfian and Neo-Whorfian Linguistic Relativity

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Molly Lewis
Keyword(s):  
Linguistic Meaning ◽  
Linguistic Relativity ◽  
Central Figure ◽  
The World ◽  
Common Framework ◽  
Context Dependent ◽  
Parallel Formulation ◽  
Central Claim ◽  
Thought Worlds ◽  
The Way

The claim of linguistic relativity, broadly, contains two components: (i) languages differ in the way they divide the world into meaningful units, and (ii) the way a language divides the world into meaningful units influences habitual thought. The conjunction of these two components yields the central claim of linguistic relativity: Speakers of different languages live in different habitual thought worlds. Theorists have addressed linguistic relativity in two different domains of linguistic meaning: symbolic and indexical. Roughly, these two domains can be understood as context- independent and context-dependent meaning, respectively. Benjamin Lee Whorf is the central figure in the symbolic domain of linguistic relativity (“Whorfian linguistic relativity”). Michael Silverstein is responsible for the extension of linguistic relativity into the indexical domain (“Neo-Whorfian linguistic relativity”). While theoretically parallel, the two theories are framed in terms that mask their underlying commonality. The present project is thus to formulate both theories within a single coherent framework. I present a framework that rests on a semiotic principle proposed by Silverstein in the Neo-Whorfian domain: The principle of unavoidable referentiality. This principle states that speakers will be less susceptible to the ‘thought grooves’ of their language when the form of the meaning at issue coincides with a form with denotational value. By framing linguistic relativity in the symbolic realm in terms of metaphor, I argue that the principle of unavoidable referentiality can be applied to Whorfian theory. A formulation of the two theories within a common framework highlights their inter-relationship and, ultimately, allows both to be situated within a single theory of culture.

Sapir-Whorf hypothesis

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
John A. Lucy
Keyword(s):  
Native American ◽  
Linguistic Relativity ◽  
Native American Languages ◽  
European Languages ◽  
The World ◽  
The Way ◽  
Edward Sapir

The Sapir-Whorf Hypothesis is a widely used label for the linguistic relativity hypothesis, that is, the proposal that the particular language we speak shapes the way we think about the world. The label derives from the names of American anthropological linguists Edward Sapir and Benjamin Lee Whorf, who persuasively argued for this idea during the 1930s and 1940s – although they never actually characterized their ideas as an ’hypothesis’. In contrast to earlier European scholarship concerned with linguistic relativity, their approach was distinguished by first-hand experience with native American languages and rejection of claims for the superiority of European languages.

Becoming Politicized

2017 ◽  
Vol 225 (4) ◽  
pp. 324-335 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dimitrios Barkas ◽  
Xenia Chryssochoou
Keyword(s):  
Collective Identity ◽  
Political Socialization ◽  
Greek Society ◽  
Economic Vulnerability ◽  
The World ◽  
The Future ◽  
Identity Model ◽  
Beliefs About The Future ◽  
Of Greece ◽  
The Way

Abstract. This research took place just after the end of the protests following the killing of a 16-year-old boy by a policeman in Greece in December 2008. Participants (N = 224) were 16-year-olds in different schools in Attiki. Informed by the Politicized Collective Identity Model ( Simon & Klandermans, 2001 ), a questionnaire measuring grievances, adversarial attributions, emotions, vulnerability, identifications with students and activists, and questions about justice and Greek society in the future, as well as about youngsters’ participation in different actions, was completed. Four profiles of the participants emerged from a cluster analysis using representations of the conflict, emotions, and identifications with activists and students. These profiles differed on beliefs about the future of Greece, participants’ economic vulnerability, and forms of participation. Importantly, the clusters corresponded to students from schools of different socioeconomic areas. The results indicate that the way young people interpret the events and the context, their levels of identification, and the way they represent society are important factors of their political socialization that impacts on their forms of participation. Political socialization seems to be related to youngsters’ position in society which probably constitutes an important anchoring point of their interpretation of the world.

Power of Darkness: Narrative and Biographical Reflexivity in A Series of Unfortunate Events

2008 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 200-212
Author(s):  
ELIZABETH BULLEN
Keyword(s):  
The Self ◽  
Risk Society ◽  
Project Risk ◽  
Young Readers ◽  
The World ◽  
The Face ◽  
High Earning ◽  
Textual Culture ◽  
Children’S Exposure ◽  
Central Claim

This paper investigates the high-earning children's series, A Series of Unfortunate Events, in relation to the skills young people require to survive and thrive in what Ulrich Beck calls risk society. Children's textual culture has been traditionally informed by assumptions about childhood happiness and the need to reassure young readers that the world is safe. The genre is consequently vexed by adult anxiety about children's exposure to certain kinds of knowledge. This paper discusses the implications of the representation of adversity in the Lemony Snicket series via its subversions of the conventions of children's fiction and metafictional strategies. Its central claim is that the self-consciousness or self-reflexivity of A Series of Unfortunate Events} models one of the forms of reflexivity children need to be resilient in the face of adversity and to empower them to undertake the biographical project risk society requires of them.

Restrained Airs: The Diegetic Surface and Nondiegetic Depth of British Film Music

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 429-443
Author(s):  
Paul Mazey
Keyword(s):  
Film Music ◽  
The World ◽  
British Cinema ◽  
Film Making ◽  
The Way

This article considers how pre-existing music has been employed in British cinema, paying particular attention to the diegetic/nondiegetic boundary and notions of restraint. It explores the significance of the distinction between diegetic music, which exists in the world of the narrative, and nondiegetic music, which does not. It analyses the use of pre-existing operatic music in two British films of the same era and genre: Kind Hearts and Coronets (1949) and The Importance of Being Earnest (1952), and demonstrates how seemingly subtle variations in the way music is used in these films produce markedly different effects. Specifically, it investigates the meaning of the music in its original context and finds that only when this bears a narrative relevance to the film does it cross from the diegetic to the nondiegetic plane. This reveals that whereas music restricted to the diegetic plane may express the outward projection of the characters' emotions, music also heard on the nondiegetic track may reveal a deeper truth about their feelings. In this way, the meaning of the music varies depending upon how it is used. While these two films may differ in whether or not their pre-existing music occupies a nondiegetic or diegetic position in relation to the narrative, both are characteristic of this era of British film-making in using music in an understated manner which expresses a sense of emotional restraint and which marks the films with a particularly British inflection.

Profilometry. Using Corneo-scleral topography for scleral lens fitting

The Eye ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (128) ◽  
pp. 19-22
Author(s):  
Gregory DeNaeyer
Keyword(s):  
Ocular Surface ◽  
World Wide ◽  
Contact Lenses ◽  
The Past ◽  
The World ◽  
The Future ◽  
The Way

The world-wide use of scleral contact lenses has dramatically increased over the past 10 year and has changed the way that we manage patients with corneal irregularity. Successfully fitting them can be challenging especially for eyes that have significant asymmetries of the cornea or sclera. The future of scleral lens fitting is utilizing corneo-scleral topography to accurately measure the anterior ocular surface and then using software to design lenses that identically match the scleral surface and evenly vault the cornea. This process allows the practitioner to efficiently fit a customized scleral lens that successfully provides the patient with comfortable wear and improved vision.

Los criterios de textualidad en la hermenéutica de Paul Ricoeur. Un análisis crítico

2008 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adrián Bertorello
Keyword(s):  
Structural Analysis ◽  
Reading Strategies ◽  
Paul Ricoeur ◽  
Material Base ◽  
The World ◽  
Paul Ricœur ◽  
Text Writing ◽  
The Way

RESUMENEl trabajo examina críticamente la afirmación central de la hermenéutica de Paul Ricoeur, a saber, que el soporte material de la escritura es el rasgo determinante para que una secuencia discursiva sea considerada como un texto. La escritura cancela las condiciones fácticas de la enunciación y crea, de este modo, un ámbito de sentido estable en el que se puede validar una concepción de la subjetividad que está implicada en las dos estrategias de lecturas (el análisis estructural y la apropiación), esto es, un sujeto pasivo que se constituye por la idealidad del significado. Asimismo, el trabajo intentará precisar una serie de ambigüedades en el uso que Ricoeur hace del «ser en el mundo» para sostener la referencialidad del discurso.PALABRAS CLAVETEXTO, ESCRITURA, REFERENCIA, SUBJETIVIDAD, MUNDOABSTRACTThis paper critically examines the main assertion of Paul Ricoeur´s hermeneutics, i.e., that the material base of writing is the determining feature to consider a discursive sequence as a text. Writing cancels the factual conditions of enunciation and creates, in this way, a background of stable meaning where it is possible to validate a conception of subjectivity implicated in the two reading strategies (the structural analysis and the appropriation), i.e., a passive subject constituted by the ideality of meaning. Likewise, this paper aims to clarify some ambiguities in the way Ricoeur uses the «beings in the world» to support the discourse referentiality.KEY WORDSTEXT, WRITING, REFERENCE, SUBJECTIVITY, WORLD

The Role of Music and Allied Arts in Public Writings on Cultural Diversity: “People of Sri Lanka”

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 93-100
Author(s):  
Gisa Jähnichen
Keyword(s):  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Cultural Diversity ◽  
South Asia ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Sri Lankan ◽  
Culturally Different ◽  
The World ◽  
Official Languages ◽  
The Way

The Sri Lankan Ministry of National Coexistence, Dialogue, and Official Languages published the work “People of Sri Lanka” in 2017. In this comprehensive publication, 21 invited Sri Lankan scholars introduced 19 different people’s groups to public readers in English, mainly targeted at a growing number of foreign visitors in need of understanding the cultural diversity Sri Lanka has to offer. This paper will observe the presentation of these different groups of people, the role music and allied arts play in this context. Considering the non-scholarly design of the publication, a discussion of the role of music and allied arts has to be supplemented through additional analyses based on sources mentioned by the 21 participating scholars and their fragmented application of available knowledge. In result, this paper might help improve the way facts about groups of people, the way of grouping people, and the way of presenting these groupings are displayed to the world beyond South Asia. This fieldwork and literature guided investigation should also lead to suggestions for ethical principles in teaching and presenting of culturally different music practices within Sri Lanka, thus adding an example for other case studies.

Адам аттарына байланыштуу ысымдардын өзгөчөлүктөрү

2019 ◽  
pp. 10-13
Author(s):  
Г.К. Рысбаева ◽  
Ш.Б. Бәйнеш
Keyword(s):  
Human Cognition ◽  
Specific Method ◽  
World Model ◽  
Central Figure ◽  
The World ◽  
Turkic Languages ◽  
The Trinity

Аннотация: Бул макалада араб, перси, түрк тилдеринен кабыл алынган кудай («алла», «теңир») темасына байланыштуу когнитивдик фразеологизмдери иликтѳѳгѳ алынган. Учурда жалпы адамзаттык деңгээлде дүйнѳ таанууга тиешелүү дүйнонүн тилдик элеси маселеси жана филологиялык түшүнүктѳрдүн катарына кирет. «Тил –ойлоо –дүйнѳ» триядасында «Дүйнѳнүн тилдик элеси, дүйнѳнүн концептуалдык элеси» маселелерин изилдѳѳ азыркы тил илиминдеги актуалдуу маселелердин алкагына кирет. Дүйнөнүн тилдик элеси –тил маселесинде борбордук орунду ээлеген адамга тиешелүү тилдик формада жана структурада реалдуу болмуштун ѳзгѳчѳ ыкмада чагылдырылышы, элестелиши макалада кеңири сөз болот. Түйүндүү сѳздѳр: антропонимдер, тотемизм, анимизм, семантика, адам аттары,дүйнѳнүн образы, культтук сѳздѳр. Аннотация: В статье рассматриваются антропонимы арабско-персидского происхождения, посвящённые культу Бога («Құдай», «Алла», «Тәңірі»), а также связанные с ними когнитивные фразеологизмы в тюркских языках. В настоящее время рассмотрение языковой картины мира в общечеловеческих понятиях познания мира, являются философским и филологическим понятиями. Исследование «Языковой картины мира» и «Концептуальной картины мира» в триединстве «Язык-мышление-мир» является одной из актуальных проблем современного языкознания. Языковая картина мира - специфический для данного языка способ отражения и представления действительности в языковых формах и структурах в ее отношении с человеком, который является центральной фигурой языка. Ключевые слова: антропонимы, тотемизм, анимизм, семантика, имена людей, образ мира, культовое слово. ABSTRACT: The article deals with anthroponomy of the Arab-Persian origin that are devoted to the cults of the God, and related to them cognitive phraseologies in Turkic languages. The main cognitive concepts that are reflected in the national Turkic in verbal parasitological units from lingo-cultural and ethno linguistic aspects are analyzed. Now consider the language picture of the world in general human cognition in the unity of the world model, and with the same conceptual view of the world is a philosophical and philological concept. The study «Language world» and «Linguistic Map of the World» in the trinity «Language-thought-world» is one of the urgent problems of modern linguistics. Language world - a specific method for the language of reflection and representation of reality in language forms and structures in its relation with the person who is the central figure of the language. Keywords: anthroponyms, totemism, animism, semantics, names of people, image of the world, cult word.

Causality Then and Now

1993 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 165-177
Author(s):  
Karen Harding
Keyword(s):  
Quantum Theory ◽  
Common Sense ◽  
Mechanical Model ◽  
Physical World ◽  
Scientific Data ◽  
The World ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Universe ◽  
The Way

Ate appearances deceiving? Do objects behave the way they do becauseGod wills it? Ate objects impetmanent and do they only exist becausethey ate continuously created by God? According to a1 Ghazlli, theanswers to all of these questions ate yes. Objects that appear to bepermanent are not. Those relationships commonly tefemed to as causalare a result of God’s habits rather than because one event inevitably leadsto another. God creates everything in the universe continuously; if Heceased to create it, it would no longer exist.These ideas seem oddly naive and unscientific to people living in thetwentieth century. They seem at odds with the common conception of thephysical world. Common sense says that the universe is made of tealobjects that persist in time. Furthermore, the behavior of these objects isreasonable, logical, and predictable. The belief that the univetse is understandablevia logic and reason harkens back to Newton’s mechanical viewof the universe and has provided one of the basic underpinnings ofscience for centuries. Although most people believe that the world is accutatelydescribed by this sort of mechanical model, the appropriatenessof such a model has been called into question by recent scientificadvances, and in particular, by quantum theory. This theory implies thatthe physical world is actually very different from what a mechanicalmodel would predit.Quantum theory seeks to explain the nature of physical entities andthe way that they interact. It atose in the early part of the twentieth centuryin response to new scientific data that could not be incorporated successfullyinto the ptevailing mechanical view of the universe. Due largely ...

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document