Ethnopharmacology, pharmacological activities, and chemistry of the Hypericum genus

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 105-113
Author(s):  
Omambia Mokoro Vincent ◽  
◽  
Joseph Mwanzia Nguta ◽  
Eric Simon Mitema ◽  
Fredrick Mutie Musila ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Mild Depression ◽  
Pharmacological Activities ◽  
Medicinal Uses ◽  
Phytochemical Composition ◽  
Depth Analysis ◽  
Microbial Infections ◽  
Safety Studies ◽  
Hypericum Species

There are over 500 species in the Hypericum genus worldwide. Crude extracts from Hypericum species have been reported in folkloric medicine as analgesics, anthelmintics, astringents, antidepressants, diuretics, and anti-inflammatories. The current review aims to provide an in-depth analysis of local uses, pharmacological activities, and phytochemical composition of different extracts generated from Hypericum species. The review data was collected via literature search from Google, Google Scholar, Medline, Pubmed, Mendeley, Science Direct, Chemical Abstracts, Web of Science, and Scopus. The most studied of the entire Hypericum genus is H. perforatum, approved to manage mild depression. Other species that have been reported to have ethnomedicinal value are H. erectum, H. monogynum, H. attenuatum, H. japonicum, H. beanii, H. monantheum, H. wightianum, H. scabrum, H. monogynum, H. monogynum, H. geminiflorum, H. ascyron, H. seniawinii, H. elodeoides, H. petiolulatum, H. wightianum, H. hengshanense, H. japonicum, and H. revolutum. Over 900 phytochemicals have been isolated from the Hypericum genus plant species, mostly phenolics, and terpenoids. Studies have been carried out to validate the ethnopharmacological use of extracts from Hypericum species against depression, cancer, inflammation, and microbial infections. There are limited safety studies involving medicinal plants from the Hypericum genus; however,further investigations on toxic effects, phytochemical composition, and biological activities are necessary to validate the medicinal uses of plant species of the Hypericum genus empirically. The present article reviews ethnopharmacology, phytochemistry, and toxicology of the Hypericum genus, which several communities have used to treat various conditions.

scholarly journals Phytochemical Composition and Biological Activities of Scorzonera Species

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (10) ◽  
pp. 5128
Author(s):  
Karolina Lendzion ◽  
Agnieszka Gornowicz ◽  
Krzysztof Bielawski ◽  
Anna Bielawska
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activities ◽  
Folk Medicine ◽  
Quinic Acid ◽  
Hepatoprotective Activity ◽  
Phytochemical Composition ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Microbial Infections ◽  
Bacteria And Fungi ◽  
Bioactive Potential

The genus Scorzonera comprises nearly 200 species, naturally occurring in Europe, Asia, and northern parts of Africa. Plants belonging to the Scorzonera genus have been a significant part of folk medicine in Asia, especially China, Mongolia, and Turkey for centuries. Therefore, they have become the subject of research regarding their phytochemical composition and biological activity. The aim of this review is to present and assess the phytochemical composition, and bioactive potential of species within the genus Scorzonera. Studies have shown the presence of many bioactive compounds like triterpenoids, sesquiterpenoids, flavonoids, or caffeic acid and quinic acid derivatives in extracts obtained from aerial and subaerial parts of the plants. The antioxidant and cytotoxic properties have been evaluated, together with the mechanism of anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and hepatoprotective activity. Scorzonera species have also been investigated for their activity against several bacteria and fungi strains. Despite mild cytotoxicity against cancer cell lines in vitro, the bioactive properties in wound healing therapy and the treatment of microbial infections might, in perspective, be the starting point for the research on Scorzonera species as active agents in medical products designed for miscellaneous skin conditions.

scholarly journals Ethno-medicinal, phytochemistry, and pharmacological importance of Hunteria umbellate (K. Schum.) Hallier f. (Apocynaceae): a useful medicinal plant of sub-Saharan Africa

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Olumide Samuel Fadahunsi ◽  
Peter Ifeoluwa Adegbola ◽  
Olubukola Sinbad Olorunnisola ◽  
Temitayo Idris Subair ◽  
David Oluwasegun Adepoju ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tropical Rainforest ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Folk Medicine ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Menstrual Pain ◽  
Pharmacological Activities ◽  
Medicinal Uses ◽  
Intestinal Worms ◽  
Sub Saharan

Abstract Background Hunteria umbellate (K. Schum.) Hallier f. (Apocynaceae) is a tropical rainforest tree commonly found in sub-Saharan region of Africa. It is a useful and very popular plant among the locals due to the outstanding anti-diabetic activity of the seeds. Methods A comprehensive literature search on articles published on phytochemical analysis and various pharmacological activities of Hunteria umbellate was carried out using search engines such as Google Scholar, PubMed and Science Direct. Results In this review, it was deduced that H. umbellate is employed in folk medicine as an elixir for obesity, fever, leprosy sores, menstrual pain, infertility, yaws, intestinal worms, abdominal discomfort and stomach ache. Due to their durability and immunity against termites, the stems are coveted and desired as timbers in the construction of houses, while the bark has been reportedly exported to Europe for medicinal uses. Pharmacological activities such as fertility enhancing, aphrodisiac, hypoglycemic, anti-inflammatory, has been ascribed to the different morphological organs of H. umbellate. Moreover, compounds belonging to important classes of secondary metabolites with biological activities such as triterpenoids, flavonoids, tannins, alkaloids, quinic acids have been identified and characterized from the plant. Conclusion From this review, it can be inferred that, numerous and bioactive principles with known biological usefulness are present in the extracts of H. umbellate and might be responsible for the observed biological and pharmacological activities.

scholarly journals Momordica cochinchinensis Spreng (Gac fruit): An abundant source of nutrient, phytochemicals and its pharmacological activities

2020 ◽  
pp. 1844-1854
Author(s):  
Priscilla Jayanthi Thavamany ◽  
Hong Lim Chew ◽  
Sreeramanan S. ◽  
Bee Lynn Chew ◽  
Ming-Thong Ong
Keyword(s):  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Folk Medicine ◽  
Asian Countries ◽  
Anticancer Activities ◽  
Nutritional Properties ◽  
Pharmacological Activities ◽  
Phytochemical Composition ◽  
Momordica Cochinchinensis ◽  
Β Carotene

Gac fruit (Momordica cochinchinensis Spreng) is an exploitable perennial dioecious fruit found commonly in Southeast Asian countries (SA). Gac fruit has been traditionally used in folk medicine due to its high medicinal and nutritive value. Generally, the aril of the fruit is used as a red colourant for cuisines and supplement for healthier vision. Gac fruit is highly rich in lycopene and β- carotene, fatty acids, vitamin E, polyphenols like phenolic acids, flavonoids and trypsin inhibitors. These compounds are linked with many important bioactivities such as provitamin A, antioxidant, antimicrobial, antiulcer and anticancer activities. This paper reviews the findings on nutritional properties, phytochemical composition and the biological activities of Gac fruit. The review has also briefly discussed the suitable conditions for the storage and utilisation of the fruit in food, beverage, nutraceutical, pharmaceutical and cosmeceutical industries

Phytochemical composition and biological activity of Physalis spp.: A mini-review

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 56
Author(s):  
Venelina Popova ◽  
Albena Stoyanova ◽  
Nadezhda Mazova
Keyword(s):  
Functional Foods ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Metabolite Profile ◽  
Sucrose Esters ◽  
Nutritional Properties ◽  
Pharmacological Activities ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Phytochemical Composition ◽  
Anti Cancer ◽  
Biological And Pharmacological Activities

The main objective of this mini-review was to synthesize recent data about the phytochemical composition, the nutritional properties, and the biological and pharmacological activities of a now cosmopolitan genus, Physalis (Solanaceae), being in the focus of intensive research over the last two decades. Six Physalis species with nutritional and pharmacological promise are considered in particular – P. peruviana L., P. philadelphica Lam., P. ixocarpa Brot. ex Horm., P. angulata L., P. pubescens L., and P. alkekengi L. Summarized contemporary data on the metabolite profile and the biological activities of Physalis species support their century-long use in traditional medicine and human nutrition. The fruit represent a rich source of minerals, vitamins, fibers, carotenoids, proteins, fructose, sucrose esters, pectins, flavonoids, polyphenols, polyunsaturated fatty acids, phytosterols and many other beneficial nutrients. Individual phytochemicals and complex fractions isolated from Physalis plants demonstrate various biological and pharmacological activities, the most promising of which include antimicrobial, antioxidant, anti-diabetic, hepato-renoprotective, anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory and others. Most of these activities are associated with the presence of flavonoids, phenylpropanoids, alkaloids, physalins, withanolides, and other bioactive compounds. The accumulated data disclose the potential of Physalis spp. as highly functional foods, as profitable crops for many regions over the world, and as sources of valuable secondary metabolites for phytopharmacy, novel medicine and cosmetics. Information provided by this review is also important for a more intensive promotion of Physalis species in Bulgaria and for future studies on their composition and benefits.

Health Benefits of Furanocoumarins ‘Psoralidin’ An Active Phytochemical of Psoralea corylifolia: The Present, Past and Future Scenario

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 369-376
Author(s):  
Kanika Patel ◽  
Vikas Kumar ◽  
Amita Verma ◽  
Mahfoozur Rahman ◽  
Dinesh Kumar Patel
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activities ◽  
Modern Medicine ◽  
Present Review ◽  
Psoralea Corylifolia ◽  
Antitumor Activities ◽  
Pharmacological Activities ◽  
Discussion Section ◽  
Medicinal Uses ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Analytical Tools

Background: Phytoconstituents of fruits, vegetables, spice and herbs are important for human health. Phytoconstituents play an important role in the growth, development, defensive mechanism, colors, odour and flavors of plants. Psoralea corylifolia Linn (P. corylifolia) commonly known as ‘Bakuchi’ belongs to Leguminosae family widely distributed in China and Southeastern Asian countries. Methods: Various electronic databases such as PubMed, Science Direct, Scopus and Google were searched to collect the data of the present review. Further, all the collected information was categorized into different section as per the aim of the paper. Moreover, analyzed data were also presented in the graphical abstract. Results: Seventy-two research and review papers have been collected and were included in the present review. Nineteen papers contained general information’s of P. corylifolia, Psoralens and psoralidin whereas thirty paper data were presented in the pharmacological activities sections and remaining in the Analytical tools and discussion section. From these databases, we can say that P. corylifolia possesses antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, antifungal, antioxidant, antiflarial, estrogenic, antitumour, and immunomodulatory activities. Psoralens are mainly used in the treatment of psoriasis, vitiligo and dermatitis. Topical or oral psoralens followed by UVA radiation exposure are one of the best treatments of leucoderma. Psoralidin exhibits antioxidant, anti-apoptotic, anti-inflammatory and antitumor activities. Conclusion: This review summarizes an overview of P. corylifolia, psoralen and its derivative psoralidin with respects to their pharmacological activities, medicinal uses, biological activities and bioanalytical aspects. These data will be helpful in the translation of information from traditional to the modern medicine of psoralidin.

scholarly journals Phytosterols: Potential Metabolic Modulators in Neurodegenerative Diseases

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (22) ◽  
pp. 12255
Author(s):  
Niti Sharma ◽  
Mario A. Tan ◽  
Seong Soo A. An
Keyword(s):  
Natural Products ◽  
Neurodegenerative Diseases ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Herbal Medicines ◽  
Pharmacological Activities ◽  
Isolated Structures ◽  
Biological And Pharmacological Activities

Phytosterols constitute a class of natural products that are an important component of diet and have vast applications in foods, cosmetics, and herbal medicines. With many and diverse isolated structures in nature, they exhibit a broad range of biological and pharmacological activities. Among over 200 types of phytosterols, stigmasterol and β-sitosterol were ubiquitous in many plant species, exhibiting important aspects of activities related to neurodegenerative diseases. Hence, this mini-review presented an overview of the reported studies on selected phytosterols related to neurodegenerative diseases. It covered the major phytosterols based on biosynthetic considerations, including other phytosterols with significant in vitro and in vivo biological activities.

scholarly journals Ethnopharmacological Survey of Medicinal Plants Used in the Management of HIV and AIDS-Related Conditions in Makete District, Southern Highlands of Tanzania

2020 ◽  
pp. 56-83
Author(s):  
Alphonce Ignace Marealle ◽  
Ester Innocent ◽  
Kerstin Andrae- Marobela ◽  
Michael Qwarse ◽  
Mainen Moshi
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Chronic Wounds ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Hiv And Aids ◽  
Systematic Evaluation ◽  
Pharmacological Activities ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Health Authorities ◽  
Hiv 1

Aims: Plants used in traditional medicine have contributed to the development of modern medicines, but in order to boost the discovery of novel drugs to fight diseases such as HIV/AIDS and emerging new diseases, systematic evaluation of many more plants needs to continue. The aim of the present study was to document medicinal plants used in the management of HIV and AIDS-related conditions in Makete District, Tanzania. Study Design:  This was qualitative ethnopharmacological survey. Place and Duration of Study: Makete District in Njombe Region, Tanzania between March and April 2019. Methodology: This ethnopharmacological survey was conducted using a semi-structured questionnaire. The study focused only on traditional health practitioners (THP) registered by government health authorities in Makete District. The HIV and AIDS-related conditions considered in this study were tuberculosis, Herpes zoster, candidiasis, sexually transmitted infections, cough, skin rashes, frequent fevers, chronic diarrhea, chronic wounds, warts, oral thrush and weight loss. Literature survey was carried out to evaluate strength of the THP claims based on similar ethnopharmacological claims and proven pharmacological activities of the plants. Results: Among the ten THP interviewed seven were male and three were female. The average age and years of practice were 57.5 and 26.5 years, respectively. Thirty-seven plant species representing 36 genera and 27 families were reported to be used for the treatment of different HIV and AIDS-related conditions. Twelve (32.4 %) and 15 (40.5 %) species did not have previously reported ethnopharmacological and pharmacological activities, respectively. Among the 37 plant species identified 13 species (35%) have been previously reported for similar ethnopharmacological uses and 12 (32%) species had literature reports on respective biological activities. Nine species have reported antiviral activity and seven of them displayed specific activities against HIV-1. Conclusion: A significant number of medicinal plants identified in this study are reported here for the first time in relation to their use for HIV and AIDS-related conditions. The study also provides information that correlates well with previously published ethnopharmacological information or laboratory results of tests against HIV-1 or related conditions, thus justifying the need for screening and detailed studies intended to isolate and characterize compounds active against HIV and related conditions.

scholarly journals LANNEA SCHIMPERI: REVIEW OF ITS BOTANY, MEDICINAL USES, PHYTOCHEMISTRY, AND BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITIES

2019 ◽  
pp. 31-36
Author(s):  
ALFRED MAROYI
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Glycosides ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Journal Articles ◽  
Tropical Africa ◽  
Pharmacological Activities ◽  
Medicinal Uses ◽  
Phytochemical Compounds ◽  
Phytochemical Constituents ◽  
The University

Lannea schimperi is a well-known fruit tree and medicinal plant in tropical Africa. The current study critically reviewed the botany, medicinal uses, phytochemistry, and pharmacological activities of L. schimperi. Literature on botany, medicinal uses, phytochemical and biological activities of L. schimperi were collected from multiple internet sources including Elsevier, Google Scholar, SciFinder, Web of Science, PubMed, BMC, ScienceDirect, and Scopus. Complementary information was gathered from pre-electronic sources such as books, book chapters, theses, scientific reports, and journal articles obtained from the University Library. This study revealed that the species is used as a source of fiber, edible fruits, and herbal medicine. Phytochemical compounds identified from the species include cyclohexenones, cardanols, alkaloids, anthocyanins, anthracene glycosides, carbohydrates, cardiac glycosides, carotenoids, condensed tannins, coumarins, flavonoids, phenolic glycosides, phenols, polyoses, polyuronoids, reducing sugars, saponins, steroids, tannins, triterpenoids, and volatile compounds. Pharmacological research revealed that extracts and phytochemical constituents isolated from L. schimperi have anesthetic, antibacterial, antifungal, anticoccidial, anti-inflammatory, antinociceptive, antioxidant, anti-trypanosoma, antiulcerogenic, cytotoxicity, and toxicity activities. L. schimperi should be subjected to detailed phytochemical, pharmacological, and toxicological evaluations aimed at correlating its medicinal uses with its phytochemistry and pharmacological activities of the species.

scholarly journals BOSWELLIA SERRATA ROXB. – A BIOACTIVE HERBS WITH VARIOUS PHARMACOLOGICAL ACTIVITIES

2020 ◽  
pp. 33-39
Author(s):  
SUDHANSHU MISHRA ◽  
RAM SINGH BISHNOI ◽  
RAHUL MAURYA ◽  
DEEPTI JAIN
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activities ◽  
Herbal Medicines ◽  
Boswellic Acid ◽  
Active Constituent ◽  
Pharmacological Activities ◽  
Boswellia Serrata ◽  
Medicinal Uses ◽  
Assisted Extraction ◽  
Extraction Processes ◽  
Phytochemical Components

Herbal medicine has become a medicinal as well as the economic aspect of global significance. While the use of these herbal medicines has increased, there are several questions about their consistency, protection, and effectiveness in different countries. Boswellic acid (BA) is one of the active constituents obtained from plant Boswellia serrata (BS) family Burseraceae. The oleoresin gum of the plant is also known as Salai guggul, Indian olibanum, or Indian frankincense. Boswellia species comprises a variety of phytochemical components, essential oil, BA such as keto-BA, beta-BA, or acetyl keto-BA. This variety of constituents isolated from the plant using various extraction processes such as hydrodistillation, percolation, and ultraviolet-assisted extraction or solvent extraction. The active constituent has different biological activities such as antidiuretic, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, or antitumor activity. This review seeks to update information on plant BS with its medicinal uses, isolation process in the traditional or Indian system of medicine, and justify its use on modern scientific parameters.

scholarly journals Review: Pharmacological Activity, Chemical Composition and Medical Importance of Leonotis nepetifolia R.Br.

2021 ◽  
pp. 29-43
Author(s):  
Pranjal C. Tidke ◽  
Nikhita Chambhare ◽  
Milind J. Umekar ◽  
R. T. Lohiya
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activities ◽  
Physiological Effects ◽  
Huge Number ◽  
Pharmacological Activities ◽  
Important Species ◽  
Medicinal Uses ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
Medical Importance ◽  
Allenic Acid

India is perhaps the most unique country in the world, with the richest tradition of indigenous and health care medical practices. Most of these practices are unique and known to very few individuals or communities. Leonotis nepetifolia Family (Lamiaceae) commonly known as ‘Klip dagga’ which has a long history of several traditional medicinal uses in many countries in the world. A huge number of phytoconstituents have been reported from the plant are allenic acid, iridoids, glycosides, terpenoids, and many more. This plant exhibited various biological activities and has been attributed to a variety of physiological effects like antifungal, antidiabetic, anxiolytic, arthritic, and many more activities. This literature review presents important species covering phytochemistry and pharmacological activities aspects systematically.

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