Risk Factors Associated with Overweight and Obesity among Women of Reproductive Age Residing in Dharan Sub-Metropolitan City, Nepal

Overweight and obesity is an emerging public health issue in developed world and is also rapidly increasing in developing world. This study was carried out to determine the prevalence and associated risk factors of overweight and obesity among women of child bearing age. A cross sectional study was conducted among 206 women residing in Dharan Sub-Metropolitan city of eastern Nepal. BMI, waist circumference and waist to hip ratio were used as indicators for overweight and obesity based on WHO classification and IDF Classification criteria. Association between socioeconomic factors, dietary factors, physical activity, behavioral factors and health related factors with overweight and obesity among women were assessed by using chi square test. Results showed that 50.48% women were overweight and obese (BMI > 25), while 89% based on WHR and, 75.2% based on waist circumference were abdominally obese. The study also showed that age, marital status, size of family, parity, drinking habit and protein intake were major risk factors for overweight and obesity based on BMI. Abdominal obesity based on waist circumference measurement was associated with age, marital status, parity, TV watching while eating habit, contraceptives use, eating outside and protein intake. The high prevalence of overweight and obesity, and diverse natures of associated risk factors among child bearing age women in Dharan showed that more research in this aspect need to be carried out and concerned agencies should focus on identified risk factors for interventions to reduce existing problems of overweight and obesity among women of reproductive age.

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Predictors and symptomatic burden of uterine fibroids among women in South-Eastern India: a cross-sectional survey analysis

International Journal of Reproduction Contraception Obstetrics and Gynecology ◽

10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20190278 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 8 (2) ◽

pp. 524

Author(s):

Dharitri Swain ◽

Chanchal Yadav ◽

Jyoti Kumari ◽

Monika Rani ◽

Priyanka Daunrai Rongmei ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Uterine Fibroid ◽

Uterine Fibroids ◽

Overweight And Obesity ◽

Reproductive Age ◽

Age Group ◽

Women Of Reproductive Age ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Associated Risk Factors ◽

Reproductive Age Group

Background: Uterine fibroid is the most common pelvic tumor in women of reproductive age and are asymptomatic in at least 50% of affected women. Various risk factors are associated with development of uterine fibroids during this reproductive age. The present study established various associated risk factors increases the prevalence of uterine fibroid among reproductive age group and clinical symptoms burden of diagnosed case.Methods: A cross sectional study design was used to collect samples for a period of six months in an OPD basis. Purposive sampling technique was used to select the 362 sample of reproductive age group (15-45 years) women in a tertiary care hospital, Southeastern India. Women diagnosed with uterine fibroid by ultrasonography were included as cases. Symptomatic features and associated risk factors of UF were collected through structure interview schedule.Results: Point prevalence of uterine fibroid among women in reproductive age group during the period of six months was 20%. Majority of them were in the age group of 30-39 years. Demographic factor such as overweight and obesity and consume dairy products daily has increased the prevalence of UF, whereas use of oral contraceptive pills and normal BMI had inverse relationship with UF risk. Most of the cases reported of having menstrual disturbances like heavy bleeding, passes blood clots during menstruation, prolonged period, urinary symptoms and pressure symptoms were considered independent predicting factors for the occurrence of uterine fibroid.Conclusions: Uterine fibroid is more prevalent among women of reproductive age causing various bleeding and renal symptoms that can have negative impact on quality of women’s life.

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Risk factors associated with overweight and obesity among reproductive aged females residing in Bharatpur Metropolitan City

Advances in Obesity Weight Management & Control ◽

10.15406/aowmc.2020.10.00310 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (3) ◽

pp. 75-82

Author(s):

Sadikshya Subedi ◽

Richa Bhattarai ◽

Rojina Bista

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Risk Factors ◽

Waist Circumference ◽

Marital Status ◽

Overweight And Obesity ◽

Carbohydrate Intake ◽

Calorie Intake ◽

Factors Associated ◽

Metropolitan City ◽

Waist Hip Ratio

Overweight and obesity is becoming one of the major public health problems in developing countries like Nepal. A cross sectional study was conducted to assess the risk factors associated with overweight and obesity among reproductive aged females of 15-49 years residing in Bharatpur metropolitan city. Anthropometric measurement was used to determine Body Mass Index (BMI), Waist Circumference (WC) and Waist Hip Ratio (WHR). Data on socio-demographic, physical activity, dietary and behavioral factors was collected using structured questionnaire. Microsoft excel and SPSS version 20 were used to analyze data and chi square test was performed to analyze the factors associated with BMI, WC and WHR cut-offs. The result of this study revealed that 32.3% of females were overweight and 9.7% of females were obese. Similarly, on the basis of waist circumference 69% of females were abdominally obese and on the basis of waist hip ratio 68% of females were abdominally obese. Mean BMI was found to be 24.1c10.01 kg/m2, waist circumference was found to be 86.41±13.091 cm and waist hip ratio was found to be 0.89±0.108. This study shows that age, marital status, parity, stress, sleeping time, calorie intake, carbohydrate intake, physical activity and fruits consumption were found to be significantly associated (P<0.05) with overweight and obesity. Age, marital status, parity, calorie intake, fat intake, physical activity and fruits consumption were found to have significant association (P<0.05) with waist circumference. Similarly, age, marital status, parity, cloth wear, calorie intake, carbohydrate intake and physical activity were found to be significant predictors (P<0.05) of WHR in the study. The findings show a clear evidence of the rising trends of overweight and obesity among reproductive aged female. Overall this study indicate that efforts should be made to address the problem of overweight and obesity, by addressing the factors associated and minimize its consequences

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The prevalence of malnutrition and its associated risk factors among women of reproductive age in Ziway Dugda district, Arsi Zone, Oromia Regional State, Ethiopia

Public Health ◽

10.1016/j.puhe.2017.06.011 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 152 ◽

pp. 1-8 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Abebe Ferede ◽

Firaol Lemessa ◽

Mesfin Tafa ◽

Solomon Sisay

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Reproductive Age ◽

Women Of Reproductive Age ◽

Regional State ◽

Arsi Zone ◽

Associated Risk Factors

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Trends, prevalence and risk factors of overweight and obesity among women of reproductive age in Bangladesh: a pooled analysis of five national cross-sectional surveys

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2017-018468 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 8 (7) ◽

pp. e018468 ◽

Cited By ~ 22

Author(s):

Muhammad Abdul Baker Chowdhury ◽

Md Mohiuddin Adnan ◽

Md Zakiul Hassan

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Rural Areas ◽

Low Cost ◽

Wealth Index ◽

Overweight And Obesity ◽

Reproductive Age ◽

Demographic And Health Surveys ◽

Obesity Prevalence ◽

Women Of Reproductive Age ◽

Cross Sectional

ObjectiveTo determine the trends, prevalence and risk factors of overweight and obesity among Bangladeshi women of reproductive age from 1999 to 2014.DesignWe analysed nationally representative data from the 1999, 2004, 2007, 2011 and 2014 cross-sectional Bangladesh Demographic and Health Surveys.SettingBangladesh.ParticipantsWomen aged 15–49 years.Primary outcomeOverweight/obesity.ResultsA total of 58 192 women were included in the analysis. The prevalence of overweight and obesity among women of reproductive age increased significantly from 7.53% (95% CI 6.83 to 8.29) and 1.82% (95% CI 1.48 to 2.24) in 1999 to 28.37% (95% CI 27.49 to 29.28) and 10.77% (95% CI 10.22 to 11.35) in 2014, respectively. Age, education, wealth index, watching television and contraceptive use were associated with overweight and obesity in both urban and rural areas.ConclusionsOverweight and obesity prevalence increased significantly among Bangladeshi women of reproductive age between 1999 and 2014. Development of effective low-cost strategies to address the increasing burden of obesity should be a high priority.

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Prevalence of Type 2 Diabetes and Associated Risk Factors Among Saharawi Refugees (P10-071-19)

Current Developments in Nutrition ◽

10.1093/cdn/nzz034.p10-071-19 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Sigrun Henjum ◽

Victoria Telle Hjellset ◽

Marte Karoline Raberg Kjollesdal ◽

Merethe Flaaten ◽

Eivind Andersen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Waist Circumference ◽

Overweight And Obesity ◽

Refugee Camps ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Associated Risk Factors

Abstract Objectives Economic development, globalization and urbanization has resulted in a shift in dietary consumption and energy expenditure in low- and middle-income countries, called the Nutrition Transition. At the same time, the prevalence of type 2 diabetes (T2D) and associated co-morbidities are rising worldwide. The Saharawi refugees have been living in refugee camps in the Algerian desert since 1975 and are totally dependent on food aid. High prevalence of overweight and obesity has been reported among Saharawi women. Limited knowledge about the prevalence of T2D and associated risk factors exists in this population; therefore, the aim with this study was to address this gap in the literature. Methods A cross-sectional survey was carried out in five Saharawi refugee camps, in Algeria and 180 women and 175 men were randomly selected. Participants’ blood glucose levels was assessed by HbA1c measurements and diagnosed with diabetes if HbA1c ≥48 mmol/mol and prediabetes if HbA1c was between 42–47 mmol/mol. The Finnish Diabetes Risk Score (FINDRISK) was used to assess various risk factors for T2D. Results Mean HbA1c among the Saharawi refugees was 38 mmol/mol. Seven and 15% were diagnosed with T2D and prediabetes, respectively, and 26% and 19% were overweight and obese, respectively. According to FINDRISK, 9% of the participants had high risk of developing diabetes, 10% had moderate risk, 37% had some risk and 44% had low risk. In multiple logistic regression models, after controlling for age, gender, number of children, BMI and education, the strongest predictor for diabetes was waist circumference, OR (95% CI): 1.1 (1.0, 1.1). The strongest predictor for prediabetes was age and waist circumference OR (95% CI): 1.0 (1.0, 1.1) and OR (95% CI): 1.1 (1.0, 1.1), respectively. Conclusions We found moderate prevalence of diabetes among the Saharawi refugees; however a high proportion had prediabetes and were suffering from overweight and obesity. In light of this, the rates of T2D are likely to increase dramatically in the near future. The Saharawi health authorities should pay attention to the increased risk of diabetes in this in this vulnerable population. Funding Sources Oslo Metropolitan University.

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The Prevalence of Hypovitaminosis D and Its Associated Risk Factors Among Women of Reproductive Age in Saudi Arabia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Clinical Medicine Insights Women s Health ◽

10.1177/1179562x18767884 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 11 ◽

pp. 1179562X1876788 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Riyadh A Alzaheb

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Vitamin D ◽

Saudi Arabia ◽

Vitamin D Deficiency ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Hypovitaminosis D ◽

Reproductive Age ◽

Vitamin D Status ◽

Women Of Reproductive Age ◽

Associated Risk Factors

Vitamin D deficiency is currently a worldwide epidemic. Middle Eastern countries, including Saudi Arabia, have high vitamin D deficiency prevalence, most prominently among women, despite their plentiful year-round sunshine. Previous research investigating vitamin D status among Saudi women of reproductive age (15-49 years) is scarce, and no study has used a nationally representative sample, so this review quantified overall hypovitaminosis D prevalence among women in Saudi Arabia and explored the associated risk factors. The Web of Science, Scopus, and Medline databases were searched for prior studies in Saudi Arabia exploring vitamin D status among women of reproductive age, published between January 1, 2000 and May 25, 2017. Data were extracted from the identified studies, and a random effects model meta-analysis established the overall hypovitaminosis D prevalence. The initial search yielded 223 possibly relevant articles; 13 were confirmed as eligible, with samples totaling 2877 women aged between 15 and 49 years. Meta-analysis revealed a mean serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D, 25(OH)D, level of 13.1 ng/mL (95% confidence interval [CI]: 11.6-14.6) and an overall prevalence of hypovitaminosis D, defined as 25(OH)D < 30 ng/mL, of 77.4% (95% CI: 63.2-87.3), mostly due to insufficient sunlight exposure and low dietary vitamin D intake. There is therefore a need for a national strategy to raise vitamin D levels among women in Saudi Arabia by advising them on natural vitamin D sources, and recommending the timing and duration of sun exposure, while also defining a national approach to vitamin D fortification and supplementation.

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