scholarly journals Utilizing India’s One Billion Dollar Line of Credit Budhi Gandaki, Mahakali III and Bridge over Mahakali – Projects Born and Bred at Singha Durbar?

2015 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
S. B. Pun
Keyword(s):  
Prime Minister ◽  
Development Project ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Hydropower Project ◽  
The West ◽  
Prime Ministers ◽  
Irrigation Project ◽  
Credit Line ◽  
Finance Minister ◽  
One Year

When India’s Prime Minister Narendra Modi offered Nepal $1 billion USD line of credit in August 2014, many Nepalese believed this would be utilized to implement the stalled 6,480 MW Pancheshwar Multipurpose Project. During the September 1996 Mahakali Treaty ratification, the Pancheshwar Project was claimed to make the ‘sun rise from the west’ for Nepal! In fact, the joint press release of the two prime ministers did stress to ‘finalise the DPR of Pancheshwar Development Project and begin implementation of the Project within one year.’ However, it was reported that, India’s External Affairs Secretary, Ms. Sujata Mehta, visited Nepal in November2014 and ‘concluded the terms and conditions for the credit line.’ While there was no word on the Pancheshwar Multipurpose Project, the Budhi Gandaki Hydropower Project suddenly raised its head with the government’s own finance minister strongly justifying it. Similarly, the Mahakali III Irrigation Project from the Tanakpur Barrage and amulti-lane motorable bridge over Mahakali River were also identified as projects to be funded through the Indian line of credit. This article examines the background of these three projects (Budhi Gandaki, Mahakali III, and bridge over Mahakali) and questions whether they were truly born in Singha Durbar, or further away in Delhi.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/hn.v16i0.12211HYDRO Nepal  Journal of Water Energy and EnvironmentIssue No: 16 January, 2015Page: 1-6Uploaded date: March 1, 2015 

scholarly journals 6,480 MW Pancheshwar Multipurpose Project Six Vital Issues on Pancheshwar to be Addressed before Cashing Modi’s One Billion US Dollars

2014 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
pp. 7-15
Author(s):  
Santa Bahadur Pun
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Prime Minister ◽  
Good Faith ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Political Leaders ◽  
The West ◽  
Us Dollar ◽  
Equal Sharing ◽  
The One ◽  
Opposing Camp

Prime Minister Narendra Modi’s visit to Nepal in August 2014 was instrumental in reinvigorating the stalled 6,480 MW Pancheshwar Multipurpose Project. In particular, the one billion US Dollar soft loan for infrastructures that Modi offered to Nepal has generated much enthusiasm. As the Mahakali Treaty was ratified in September 1996, and as public memory is short, this article reverts back 18 years ago into the heady days when the Water Resources Minister, Pashupati SJB Rana, publicly claimed that the sun would now begin to ‘rise from the west’! At that time, even the leaders in the opposing camp (the CPN-UML), started to count their chickens in billions and billions of rupees accruing from the sale of electricity to India. Today, that ‘Som Sharma euphoria’ has again started to percolate among our political leaders. The article, hence, poses six vital issues that need to be ‘fixed’ before the Pancheshwar Multipurpose Project can begin to taxi along the runway: i) validity of Rashtriya Sankalpas/national strictures; ii) re-constituting the all-party Parliamentary Monitoring Joint Committee; iii) export of energy and its pricing principle; iv) formation of Mahakali River Commission; v) equal sharing of Mahakali waters after the completion of the Pancheshwar Project; and vi) determining the origin of Mahakali River. The author believes that until these vital issues are fixed in an amicable and good faith manner, the viability of the Pancheshwar Multipurpose Project will again be in doubt !DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/hn.v15i0.11284HYDRO Nepal JournalJournal of Water Energy and EnvironmentVolume: 15, 2014, JulyPage: 7-15

scholarly journals The Asian Renaissance

1997 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 286-289
Author(s):  
Taha Jabir Al-‘Alwani
Keyword(s):  
Prime Minister ◽  
Close Friend ◽  
Political Leaders ◽  
The West ◽  
World Today ◽  
Finance Minister ◽  
Deputy Prime Minister ◽  
The World ◽  
Young Leader ◽  
The Right

It is not my habit to make public statements on political leaders and I usuaHyprefer to hold my views private. But with my close friend and brother, AnwarIbrahim, the deputy prime minister and finance minister of Malaysia, I have nohesitation. I have known him for over 20 years and he has always been a modelof virtue because he combines truthfulness with sincerity. Thi shows in hisactions both personally and professionally. From being an idealistic young manhe grew into one of the most important political leaders of Malaysia. The goodqualities he had when he was a promising young leader have not left him, in piteof the whithering effect politics can have on one's character. Anwar is now justas honest and sincere, humble and charitable as he was when I first met him over20 year ago. Throughout this time, he has been strict with him elf and generouswith others. demonstrating a true nobility. Above all, he has striven accordingto the dictum that "there is no right superior to the right of truth."Unfortunately, too few people have striven for the truth which Anwar has pursued,leading us to the crisis in the world today. In the East, failure to think haslead to passive decay wmle in the West, thinking too much and often wrongly ...

scholarly journals Spatial distribution of aquifers in Bhairahawa-Lumbini area, Rupandehi district, west Nepal

2004 ◽  
Vol 30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Narendra Khattri
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Cross Sections ◽  
Development Project ◽  
The Other ◽  
The West ◽  
Irrigation Project ◽  
Subsurface Geology ◽  
Deep Aquifers ◽  
Groundwater Irrigation ◽  
Sand And Gravel

The Bhairahawa-Lumbini Groundwater Irrigation Project (BLGWIP) is the largest groundwater development project of Nepal. It is situated in the middle of the Rupandehi district in west Nepal. The project covers an area of about 525 sq. km and serves over 20,000 ha of land by providing year-round irrigation. Over 180 deep tubewells were constructed by the BLGWIP within the area stretching between the Rohini Rive r in the east and the Kothi River in the west with the depth ranging from 80 to over 200 m. Seven different sections were taken to study the subsurface geology and nature of aquifer in this area. These seven sections include 61 deep tubewells. The lithological cross-sections show the distribution of pervious and impervious layers. The study shows that the aquifer materials are controlled by two major rivers: the Tinau River and Dano River. The lithological cross-sections I- I' and VII- VII' are taken from extreme west and east of the study area, respectively. Clay and silt horizons arc predominant in both sections. On the other hand, the remaining cross-sections II- II', III-III', I V- IV', V- V', and VI- VI' are taken from the central part of the study area. The litholog of boreholes of these sections show a significant amount of sand and gravel. Most of the deep aquifers recharge from infiltration of rainfall in the Bhabar Zone and also from the induced infiltration through the Tinau, Dano, Rohini, and other rivers flowing through the district. The study shows that the input to groundwater is as high as 464 million cubic metres (MCM). Out of this, 201 MCM goes into the shallow aquifers and 267 MCM flows into the deep aquifers.

Opinion Polls in 2004

2004 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 335-337 ◽  
Author(s):  
IKUO KABASHIMA
Keyword(s):  
Economic Performance ◽  
Prime Minister ◽  
Public Support ◽  
Prime Ministers ◽  
The Public ◽  
Approval Rate ◽  
One Year ◽  
Opinion Polls ◽  
Economic Improvement

When the last opinion polls were published one year ago, Prime Minister Junichiro Koizumi was enjoying a high approval rate despite Japan's poor economic performance. The poll conducted in June 2003 showed that 48.2% of the public supported the Koizumi administration, which is an exceptionally high number in comparison with the approval rates of historical LDP prime ministers and their cabinets. Only 29.5% of those polled expressed dissatisfaction with the administration. Today, however, public support for Koizumi is on a sudden decline. Just as Koizumi's managed to sustain public support throughout 2003, his loss of support in 2004 manifests a peculiar quality; he is now losing popularity despite Japan's significant economic improvement.

Documents and Source Material

2017 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-26
Keyword(s):  
Prime Minister ◽  
Palestinian Authority ◽  
Donald Trump ◽  
The West ◽  
White House ◽  
Peace Negotiations ◽  
Annotated List ◽  
Un Security Council ◽  
The Government ◽  
Source Materials

This section comprises international, Arab, Israeli, and U.S. documents and source materials, as well as an annotated list of recommended reports. Significant developments this quarter: In the international diplomatic arena, the UN Security Council approved Resolution 2334, reaffirming the illegality of Israeli settlements and calling for a return to peace negotiations. Additionally, former U.S. secretary of state John Kerry delivered a final address on the Israel-Palestine conflict, outlining a groundwork for negotiations. Two weeks later, international diplomats met in Paris to establish incentives for Israeli prime minister Benjamin Netanyahu and Palestinian Authority president Mahmoud Abbas to return to the negotiating table. Despite international discussions of peace talks and the impediment settlements pose to a two-state solution, the Israeli Knesset passed the controversial Regulation Law, enabling the government to retroactively legalize settlements and confiscate Palestinian land throughout the West Bank. Meanwhile, U.S. president Donald Trump took office on 20 January 2017, and he wasted no time before inviting Netanyahu to the White House for their first meeting, in February.

A Pleasing Odour for Yahweh

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-24
Author(s):  
Anne Katrine De Hemmer Gudme
Keyword(s):  
Hebrew Bible ◽  
Sacred Space ◽  
Ancient World ◽  
Hellenistic Period ◽  
The Sun ◽  
The West ◽  
Sense Of Smell ◽  
The Temple ◽  
Crucial Part

This article investigates the importance of smell in the sacrificial cults of the ancient Mediterranean, using the Yahweh temple on Mount Gerizim and the Hebrew Bible as a case-study. The material shows that smell was an important factor in delineating sacred space in the ancient world and that the sense of smell was a crucial part of the conceptualization of the meeting between the human and the divine.  In the Hebrew Bible, the temple cult is pervaded by smell. There is the sacred oil laced with spices and aromatics with which the sanctuary and the priests are anointed. There is the fragrant and luxurious incense, which is burnt every day in front of Yahweh and finally there are the sacrifices and offerings that are burnt on the altar as ‘gifts of fire’ and as ‘pleasing odors’ to Yahweh. The gifts that are given to Yahweh are explicitly described as pleasing to the deity’s sense of smell. On Mount Gerizim, which is close to present-day Nablus on the west bank, there once stood a temple dedicated to the god Yahweh, whom we also know from the Hebrew Bible. The temple was in use from the Persian to the Hellenistic period (ca. 450 – 110 BCE) and during this time thousands of animals (mostly goats, sheep, pigeons and cows) were slaughtered and burnt on the altar as gifts to Yahweh. The worshippers who came to the sanctuary – and we know some of them by name because they left inscriptions commemorating their visit to the temple – would have experienced an overwhelming combination of smells: the smell of spicy herbs baked by the sun that is carried by the wind, the smell of humans standing close together and the smell of animals, of dung and blood, and behind it all as a backdrop of scent the constant smell of the sacrificial smoke that rises to the sky.

Prime Ministers and the Public

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick Weller
Keyword(s):  
Prime Minister ◽  
Significant Part ◽  
Media Management ◽  
Prime Ministers ◽  
The Public ◽  
Electoral Campaigns ◽  
Technological Capacity ◽  
The Media

Prime ministers are the key campaigners for their governments, not just in electoral campaigns, but every day and in every place. Media management has become a continuing and significant part of the prime ministers’ activities; it is a daily, indeed an hourly, pressure. Speeches have to be planned. The pressure has changed the tone and priorities of governing. It has dangers as well as benefits. Media demands have become more immediate, more continuous, and more intrusive. Prime ministers must respond. The same technical changes allow prime ministers to interact with their voters in a way that bypasses journalists and other intermediaries. They are writ large in campaigns. They are never out of mind or out of sight. Re-election is always a consideration for tactics and strategy. The public leader, the ‘rhetorical prime minister’, is shaped by the demands of the media and organized by the technological capacity.

scholarly journals XXIII.—The Clyde Sea Area

1892 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 641-729 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hugh Robert Mill
Keyword(s):  
The West ◽  
Experimental Physics ◽  
University Of Edinburgh ◽  
Marine Station ◽  
The Government ◽  
Government Grant ◽  
One Year ◽  
The University ◽  
Clyde Sea ◽  
Sea Area

The fjord-like inlets or sea-lochs which form so conspicuous a feature in the scenery of the west of Scotland stand in marked contrast to the shallow, low-shored firths of the east coast. When Dr John Murray decided to extend the physical and biological work of the Scottish Marine Station to the west coast he foresaw that many interesting conclusions were likely to be derived from the study of these isolated sea-basins. Various papers, published by him and other workers, contain preliminary discussions of many of the phenomena observed, fully justifying the anticipations which had been formed.For one year my work, as described in this paper, was carried out under the provisions of an Elective Fellowship in Experimental Physics of the University of Edinburgh, to which I had been elected in 1886; and subsequently by a personal grant from the Government Grant Committee for Scientific Research. The Committee also devoted several sums of money in payment of expenses in compiling this discussion. The Scottish Marine Station throughout gave the use of the steam-yacht “Medusa,” and the necessary apparatus.

The Sun Life sets in the west

1975 ◽  
Vol 17 (10) ◽  
pp. 284-286
Author(s):  
Lynda King‐Taylor
Keyword(s):  
The Sun ◽  
The West

Kuinka pääministeriä puhutellaan?

Virittäjä ◽  
1970 ◽  
Vol 125 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ildikó Vecsernyés
Keyword(s):  
Social Status ◽  
Prime Minister ◽  
Theoretical Background ◽  
The Other ◽  
Prime Ministers ◽  
Important Resource ◽  
Address Forms ◽  
The Social ◽  
Online Conversations ◽  
The One

Tässä artikkelissa tarkastellaan, kuinka Suomen ja Unkarin pääministereitä puhutellaan Facebookissa. Tutkimuksen kohteena on se, mitä puhuttelukeinoja kommentoijat käyttävät kahdessa eri tarkoituksessa: toisaalta sympatian tai samaa mieltä olemisen, toisaalta erimielisyyden tai kritiikin ilmaisemisessa. Kahden sukukielen, suomen ja unkarin, puhuttelukeinot ovat samankaltaisia, mutta niiden käytössä on huomattavia eroja esimerkiksi sinuttelun ja teitittelyn yleisyydessä. Aineistona on viiteen Suomen pääministeri Juha Sipilän ja yhdeksään Unkarin pääministeri Viktor Orbánin vuosina 2015–2017 kirjoittamaan Facebook-päivitykseen tulleita kommentteja. Tarkastelun kohteena on 189 suomenkielistä ja 191 unkarinkielistä puhuttelumuotoa sisältävää kommenttia. Kommentit on jaettu myötäileviin ja vastustaviin ja näitä kahta kommenttityyppiä tarkastellaan kvantitatiivisesti ja kvalitatiivisesti pyrkimyksenä selvittää, mitä eroja puhuttelumuodon valinnassa ilmenee. Tutkimuksen teoreettis-metodisena taustana on aiempi sosiopragmaattinen puhuttelututkimus. Tutkimus osoittaa, että suomessa sinuttelu on hyvin yleistä riippumatta kommentin laadusta, mutta unkarissa sinuttelu on tavallisesti erimielisyyden osoittamisen keino. Tyypillinen kannustavan kommentin kirjoittaja käyttää suomessa sinuttelua ja pääministerin etunimeä, unkarissa teitittelyä, ön-teitittelypronominia ja pääministerin titteliä. Unkarin kielessä puhuteltavan yhteiskunnallinen asema vaikuttaakin puhuttelumuodon valintaan vahvemmin kuin suomessa. Toissijaisena strategiana unkarissa esiintyy jonkin verran myös uudenlaista kunnioittavaa sinuttelua yhdistettynä pääministerin etunimen käyttöön. Suomenkielisen aineiston vastustavissa kommenteissa esiintyy vielä todennäköisemmin sinuttelua kuin myötäilevissä kommenteissa sekä sinä-pronominia ja pääministerin sukunimeä, unkarinkielisessä aineistossa puolestaan sinuttelua, te ’sinä’ -pronominia ja pääministerin etu- tai sukunimeä tai nimenmuunnoksia. Toissijaisena strategiana joissain unkarin vastustavissa kommenteissa hyödynnetään ylikohteliaisuutta ja intentionaalista inkoherenssia. Aineiston perusteella näyttää siltä, että Facebook-kommenteissa käytetään suomessa etupäässä sinuttelua samoin kuin muissakin internetkeskusteluissa; kommentoijien mielipiteen ilmaisemisessa nominaalisilla puhuttelumuodoilla on tärkeä rooli. Unkarissa taas internetin yleisestä sinuttelupainotteisuudesta huolimatta tärkeimpänä keinona on sinuttelun ja teitittelyn vastakkainasettelu.   How to address a Prime Minister? Forms of address in comments to posts from the Prime Ministers of Finland and Hungary This article examines how the Prime Ministers of Finland and Hungary are addressed on Facebook. The aim of the study is to investigate which forms of address are used by commentators expressing, on the one hand, sympathy or consent, and on the other, disagreement or criticism. The repertoires of address forms of these two related languages, Finnish and Hungarian, bear many similarities, but the frequency and status of these forms are different. The data consists of comments on five posts written by Prime Minister of Finland Juha Sipilä and on nine posts written by Prime Minister of Hungary Viktor Orbán between 2015–2017, comprising a total of 189 comments in Finnish and 191 comments in Hungarian, all containing forms of address. The comments have been divided into two types: comments showing sympathy and comments showing disagreement or criticism. These two comment types have been analysed quantitatively and qualitatively aiming to determine how the address practices employed differ from each other. The theoretical background of this study is based upon previously conducted socio­pragmatic address research. The article shows that the use of T forms  is very common in Finnish, regardless of the type of comment, but that in Hungarian, T forms are typically used as a linguistic tool to express disagreement. In Finnish, a typical commentator showing sympathy will use T forms and address the Prime Minister by his first name, whereas in Hungarian V forms, the V form pronoun ön, and the title ‘Prime Minister’ are favoured. The social status of the addressee has a stronger effect on the choice of address forms in Hungarian than it does in Finnish. However, some Hungarian comments include a new, respectful type of T form used with the first name of the Prime Minister. In comments expressing disagreement in the Finnish data, writers favour T forms, especially T form pronouns, and the use of the Prime Minister’s surname, whereas in the Hungarian data T forms, the T form pronoun te ‘you’ and the use of the Prime Minister’s first name, surname or nicknames are the most typical address practices. In conclusion, commentators in the Finnish data seem to use mostly T forms on Facebook, thus imitating address practices common in other online conversations. Instead of the T/V opposition, nominal forms of address play an important role in expressing the commentators’ attitude. In the Hungarian data, despite the prevalence of the T forms in online chats, the most important resource in expressing relation to the Prime Minister seems to be the contrast between the T and V forms, reflecting their significant status in Hungarian.

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