scholarly journals A study on occurrence of anemia in primigravida women attending antenatal ward of BPKIHS

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 37-40
Author(s):  
Upendra Yadav ◽  
B Lal Das
Keyword(s):  
Protein Energy Malnutrition ◽  
Descriptive Statistics ◽  
Normal Delivery ◽  
Healthy Baby ◽  
Mild Anemia ◽  
Protein Energy ◽  
Nutritional Problem ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Moderate Anemia ◽  
Study Population

Background: Anemia is identified as a very common nutritional problem in developing countries. Prevalence of micro nutrient malnutrition in respect of iron, iodine and vitamin A is more wide spread then protein energy malnutrition. Pregnancy is a serious burden to the women with the disease for the anemia and places them at increased risk of mortality.Objective: To determine the Hb% level of Primigravida women. To classify status of anemia on the basis of level of Hb%. To find out the association between Hb level and selected background factors. To find out the association between the Hb% level and week of gestation and nutritional pattern.Method: A descriptive and exploring Study design was carried out on 300 primigravid women admitted in BPKIHS, Dharan antenatal ward and every alternate admitted case was selected for the study. The instrument was structured questionnaires with close ended, observation check list and observational sheet. Descriptive statistics and inferential statistics were used for data analysis.Result: Overall occurrence of anemia was found to be 42% among the study population. Mild anemia and moderate anemia were found to be 17% and 25% respectively. Greater proportions of 13-19 yr. women were found to be anemic compares to those > 20 years of age. Greater proportions of anemic women were from the nonsedentary groups than the sedentary. Both mild and moderate anemia were more among Primigravid women with >40 gestational week.Conclusion: Understanding the extent and severity of anemia among pregnant women is essential to the development and implementation of effective anemia control for the normal delivery and healthy baby in Nepal. Health Renaissance 2015;13 (3): 

scholarly journals 3423 Poorer Outcomes Among Septic Patients with Protein Energy Malnutrition

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (s1) ◽  
pp. 124-124
Author(s):  
Adeyinka Charles Adejumo ◽  
Olalekan Akanbi ◽  
Lydie Pani
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Outcomes ◽  
Primary Care Physicians ◽  
Protein Energy Malnutrition ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
P Value ◽  
Protein Energy ◽  
Propensity Matching ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Clinical Conditions ◽  
The Impact

OBJECTIVES/SPECIFIC AIMS: Protein Energy Malnutrition (PEM) could compromise the body’s defense systems resulting in sepsis, which further depletes calorie stores. Among hospitalized patients, we investigate 1) the relationship between PEM and sepsis, 2) the impact of PEM on trends in mortality from sepsis, and 3) the influence of PEM on clinical outcomes of sepsis. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: Using the 2014 Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project - Nationwide Inpatient Sample (NIS) patient’s discharge records, we identified patients with sepsis, PEM, and other clinical conditions with ICD-9-CM codes. After stratifying sepsis into two: uncomplicated (without shock) and complicated (with shock), we estimated the adjusted odds (aOR) of developing sepsis (total, uncomplicated and complicated) with PEM. Then, we selected hospitalizations with sepsis from 2007-2014 years of the HCUP-NIS, and calculated the trend in mortality from sepsis, stratified by PEM status, as an effect modifier. Finally, we matched PEM to no PEM (1:1) using a greedy algorithm-based propensity methodology and estimated the effect of having mortality, complicated sepsis and 10 other clinical outcomes and healthcare utilization (SAS 9.4). RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: PEM was associated with higher odds for sepsis (aOR:3.97[3.89-4.05]), and complicated vs. uncomplicated sepsis (1.74[1.67-1.81]). Although mortality in sepsis has been trending down from 2007-2014 (−1.19%/year, p-trend<0.0001), the decrease was less pronounced among those with PEM vs. no-PEM (−0.86%/year vs. −1.29%/year, p-value < 0.0001). After propensity matching, PEM was associated with higher mortality (1.35[1.32-1.37]), cost ($160,724[159,517-161,940] vs. $86,650[85,931-87,375]), length of stay (14.76[14.68-14.84] vs. 8.49[8.45-8.56] days), and worse outcomes in general. DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF IMPACT: PEM is a risk factor of sepsis and associated with poorer outcomes among septic patients. A concerted effort involving primary care physicians, nutritionists, nurses in identifying, preventing, and treatment of PEM in the community-dwelling individuals before hospitalization might mitigate against these devastating outcomes.

scholarly journals Clinical profile and risk factors for persistent diarrhoea in children under five years of age in an urban referral centre

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (6) ◽  
pp. 1986
Author(s):  
Prabakar Durairaj ◽  
Sasivarathan Raju ◽  
Sivaraman Thirumalaikumarasamy
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Protein Energy Malnutrition ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Antibiotic Use ◽  
Clinical Profile ◽  
Persistent Diarrhoea ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Protein Energy ◽  
Study Population

Background: Persistent diarrhoea is a known cause of childhood mortality, morbidity and malnutrition in developing countries. The present study was conducted with the aim to study the clinical profile of persistent diarrhoea in children under 5 years of age and to find the possible host and environmental risk factors associated with persistent diarrhoea.Methods: The present descriptive study was conducted on 70 children with persistent diarrhoea, between age of 1 month and 5 years who admitted to DTTU, ICH & HC, Chennai during the period from February 2005 to September 2006. Detailed history was elicited from the parents usually mother regarding illness and risk factors were noted. The children were subjected to detailed clinical examination to assess dehydration, malnutrition, parenteral infections, and nutritional status. Univariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses were used to find risk factors associated with the incidence of diarrhoea.Results: Most of the children (35.71%) were under the age of 6 months to one year. Male (55.71%) children are more affected than female (44.29%) children. Undernutrition was observed in 85.71% of cases. Parenteral infection (44.28%) was noticed as major risk factor among children. E. coli was the organism isolated from stool culture in about 73.91% of cases with gut infection. The total fatality rate in the study population was 10%. Multivariable regression revealed significant associations between persistent diarrhoeal disease in children and protein energy malnutrition (OR- 1.812; 95% CI- 1.406-2.335), irrational antibiotic use (OR- 2.414; 95% CI- 1.195-4.877), parenteral infection (OR- 2.275; 95% CI-1.165-4.443) and use of unsafe drinking water (OR- 2.738; 95% CI- 1.221-6.143) and were found to be independent risk factors. Other factors found to be insignificant.Conclusion: The results of the study conclude that protein energy malnutrition, irrational antibiotic use, use of unsafe drinking water and parenteral infections are the significant risk factors for the incidence of diarrhea in the present study population. Hence, it is important to increase the awareness in parents regarding nutrition and safe drinking water use for children. Prompt diagnosis and appropriate treatment by the doctors can decrease the fatality rates.

scholarly journals 3417 Impact of Protein-Energy Malnutrition on Outcomes of Heart Failure Hospitalizations

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (s1) ◽  
pp. 123-123
Author(s):  
Adeyinka Charles Adejumo ◽  
Olumuyiwa Ogundipe
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Clinical Outcomes ◽  
Protein Energy Malnutrition ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Protein Energy ◽  
The Us ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Comorbidity Index ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Low Grade Inflammation

OBJECTIVES/SPECIFIC AIMS: Chronically elevated cytokines from un-abating low-grade inflammation in heart failure (HF) results in Protein-Energy Malnutrition (PEM). However, the impact of PEM on clinical outcomes of admissions for HF exacerbations has not been evaluated in a national data. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: From the 2012-2014 Nationwide Inpatient Sample (NIS) patient’s discharge records for primary HF admissions, we identified patients with concomitant PEM, and their demographic and comorbid factors. We propensity-matched PEM cohorts (32,771) to no-PEM controls (1:1) using a greedy algorithm-based methodology and estimated the effect of different clinical outcomes (SAS 9.4). RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: There were 32,771 (~163,885) cases of PEM among the 541,679 (~2,708,395) primary admissions for HF between 2012 and 2014 in the US. PEM cases were older (PEM:76 vs. no-PEM:72 years), Whites (70.75% vs. 67.30%), and had higher comorbid burden, with Deyo-comorbidity index >3 (31.61% vs. 26.30%). However, PEM cases had lower rates of obesity, hyperlipidemia and diabetes. After propensity-matching, PEM was associated with higher mortality (AOR:2.48[2.31-2.66]), cardiogenic shock (3.11[2.79-3.46]), cardiac arrest (2.30[1.96-2.70]), acute kidney failure (1.49[1.44-1.54]), acute respiratory failure (1.57[1.51-1.64]), mechanical ventilation (2.72[2.50-2.97]). PEM also resulted in higher non-routine discharges (2.24[2.17-2.31]), hospital cost ($80,534[78,496-82,625] vs. $43,226[42,376-44,093]) and longer duration of admission (8.61[8.49-8.74] vs. 5.28[5.23-5.34] days). DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF IMPACT: In the US, PEM is a common comorbidity among hospitalized HF subjects, and results in devastating health outcomes. Early identification and prevention of PEM in heart failure subjects during clinic visits and prompt treatment of PEM both in the clinic and during hospitalization are essential to decrease the excess burden of PEM.

Protein-energy malnutrition in gastroenterology outpatients: Increased risk in Crohn's disease

1985 ◽  
Vol 85 (11) ◽  
pp. 1466-1474
Author(s):  
M.I. Gee ◽  
M.G.A. Grace ◽  
R.H. Wensel ◽  
R. Sherbaniuk ◽  
A.B.R. Thomson
Keyword(s):  
Crohn’S Disease ◽  
Crohn's Disease ◽  
Protein Energy Malnutrition ◽  
Protein Energy ◽  
Increased Risk

scholarly journals Role of serum albumin and body mass index in the outcome of major elective abdominal surgery

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 1165
Author(s):  
Yepeto Lohe ◽  
Sreejith V. ◽  
Raghvendra Sharma ◽  
Nyage Lombi ◽  
Harish M. ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Serum Albumin ◽  
Protein Energy Malnutrition ◽  
Frequency Standard ◽  
Prognostic Indicator ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Risk Of Death ◽  
Protein Energy ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Student’S T ◽  
Nutritional Studies

Background: The prevalence of protein-energy malnutrition in surgical patients is high, ranging from 10% to 54%. The correct assessment of the nutritional studies of such patients is crucial since malnutrition is a risk factor for morbidity and mortality. There is a substantial evidence to show that patients who have signs of malnutrition have a higher risk of complications and an increased risk of death in comparison with patients who have adequate nutritional reserves.Methods: 150 patients were selected for the study. All the collected data was entered in Microsoft Excel sheet. It was then transferred to SPSS ver. 21 software for statistical analysis. Quantitative data was compared by using student’s t-test and chi-square test, qualitative data compared using frequency, standard deviation and percentage. P<0.05 considered as significant.Results: The mean serum albumin was found to be 3.7 gm%±0.3. There was increase rate of complication and duration of hospital stay in those patients with serum albumin <3.5 gm% and BMI>25 kg/m2 and wound infection was found to be the most common complication among these patients.Conclusions: Majority of patients had serum albumin >3.5 gm/dl and more complications were seen with serum albumin <3.5 gm/dl which was statistically significant (p=0.01). Serum albumin is a good prognostic indicator because of its ability to detect protein energy malnutrition.

scholarly journals Study the karshya chikitsa siddhant according to brihatrayee with special reference to ashwagandha choorna.

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
RAJESH VITHAL SAWAI ◽  
RADHIKA GOVIND PATHAK
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Special Reference ◽  
Protein Energy Malnutrition ◽  
Protein Energy ◽  
Nutritional Problem ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Moderate Response

Karshya is the widest spreading health and nutritional problem in developing countries. Underweight or emaciation or protein energy malnutrition is a possible condition which may be correlated with Karshya. The present study was undertaken to find out the effect of Ashvagandha choorna with mahish dugdha in the management of Karshya. 100 patients were studied and randomly divided into two groups namely Group-A and Group-B. Group-A received Ashwagandhachoorna with mahish dugdha and Group-B received mahish dugdha. Effect of drug observed at the end of   days In Group A All 50 Subjects have shown Marked response.In group-B 49 Subjects have shown Marked response.01 patient has shown Moderate response. It is concluded that Ashwagandhachoorna along with mahish dugdha is useful for the management of Karshya when compared to mahish dugdha.

scholarly journals Study of Spectrum of anemia in various age groups

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 197-202
Author(s):  
Varsha Pandey
Keyword(s):  
Hemolytic Anemia ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Macrocytic Anemia ◽  
Hypochromic Anemia ◽  
Severe Anemia ◽  
Mild Anemia ◽  
Normocytic Normochromic Anemia ◽  
Moderate Anemia ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Normochromic Anemia

: Anemia is major health problem world-wide especially in developing countries. Globally 1.62 billion persons are affected. It has grave consequences on human health. The present study evaluates the severity and morphology of anemia in various age groups in rural population. : 1): To study degree and severity of anemia in study population; 2): To study distribution of anemia in various age groups; 3): To study morphological spectrum of anemia in study population. s: The study includes 792 patients having low concentration of hemoglobin for their age & sex. The other hematological parameters and morphology were analyzed. : In our study, females constituted 72.6% (575/792) of study population and male constituted 27.4% (217/792) of population. Pediatric patients (up to 15 years of age) constituted 10% of study population. Out of 792 anemic patients, 439 (55.4%) were having moderate anemia, 228 (28.7%) were having mild anemia & 125 (15.78%) were having severe anemia. Out of 792 anemic patients, 384 (48.4%) were having microcytic hypochromic anemia, 296 (37.37%) were having normocytic normochromic anemia, 84 (10.6%) were having macrocytic anemia and 3.5% were having hemolytic anemia. Out of 792 anemic patients, 439 (55.4%) were having moderate anemia, 228 (28.7%) were having mild anemia & 125 (15.78%) were having severe anemia. In our study anemia was more common in females as compared to males constituting majority of study population which is in concordance with other studies also. Moderate anemia was more common in study population as well as in various sub-groups being in concordance with other studies too. Morphologically microcytic hypochromic anemia was the most common type of anemia especially in adult females. Pregnant females were found to have normocytic normochromic anemia predominantly. Most of the cases of hemolytic anemia was found in children &#60;15years. Similarly macrocytic anemia was found more commonly in adult males. Anemia is the most hematological abnormality found in daily practice, though found in all age groups but quite higher in females. The main objective for diagnosing anemia is to make clinician aware so that they can take measures to prevent and control anemia.

Physical Illness and Suicide Risk in Rural Residents of Contemporary China

Crisis ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 35 (5) ◽  
pp. 330-337 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cun-Xian Jia ◽  
Lin-Lin Wang ◽  
Ai-Qiang Xu ◽  
Ai-Ying Dai ◽  
Ping Qin
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Family Income ◽  
Rural China ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Significant Risk Factor ◽  
Health Condition ◽  
Physical Illness ◽  
Rural Residents ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Study Population

Background: Physical illness is linked with an increased risk of suicide; however, evidence from China is limited. Aims: To assess the influence of physical illness on risk of suicide among rural residents of China, and to examine the differences in the characteristics of people completing suicide with physical illness from those without physical illness. Method: In all, 200 suicide cases and 200 control subjects, 1:1 pair-matched on sex and age, were included from 25 townships of three randomly selected counties in Shandong Province, China. One informant for each suicide or control subject was interviewed to collect data on the physical health condition and psychological and sociodemographic status. Results: The prevalence of physical illness in suicide cases (63.0%) was significantly higher than that in paired controls (41.0%; χ2 = 19.39, p < .001). Compared with suicide cases without physical illness, people who were physically ill and completed suicide were generally older, less educated, had lower family income, and reported a mental disorder less often. Physical illness denoted a significant risk factor for suicide with an associated odds ratio of 3.23 (95% CI: 1.85–5.62) after adjusted for important covariates. The elevated risk of suicide increased progressively with the number of comorbid illnesses. Cancer, stroke, and a group of illnesses comprising dementia, hemiplegia, and encephalatrophy had a particularly strong effect among the commonly reported diagnoses in this study population. Conclusion: Physical illness is an important risk factor for suicide in rural residents of China. Efforts for suicide prevention are needed and should be integrated with national strategies of health care in rural China.

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