scholarly journals Farmer’s Management Practices Adopted Against Mustard Aphid, Lipaphis erysimi (Kalt.): A Survey of Chitwan, Nepal

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 78-82
Author(s):  
Kapil Kafle ◽  
Mahesh Jaishi
Keyword(s):  
Crop Production ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Lipaphis Erysimi ◽  
Chemical Insecticide ◽  
Mustard Aphid ◽  
Aphid Infestation ◽  
Development Committee ◽  
Village Development Committee ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

Insect pests are the major constraints of crop production. Mustard aphid is the major problems of rapeseed contributing mustard decline in Chitwan, Nepal. Semi-structured questionnaire survey was conducted on randomly selected farmers of Chainpir Village Development Committee (VDC), Chitwan after a pre-testing in Mangalpur VDC to study the farmers’ knowledge and management practices adopted against mustard aphid in Chitwan. Study revealed majority (60%) of the respondent suggested aphid as the major insect of rapeseed and moreover, 86% of the respondent experienced it to cause 25% loss to the crop yield. Much proportion of respondents (58%) also realized low temperature with high humidity at the time of flowering as a cause in higher aphid infestation. Farmers use 2-3 sprays of chemical insecticide to control aphid but was found to destroy natural enemies and bee population besides damaging natural environment and human health. Int. J. Appl. Sci. Biotechnol. Vol 8(1): 78-82

scholarly journals Survey on maize post-harvest losses and its management practices in the western hills of Nepal

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 98-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ghanashyam Bhandari ◽  
Bhuddhi Bahadur Achhami ◽  
Tika Bahadur Karki ◽  
Balram Bhandari ◽  
Gopal Bhandari
Keyword(s):  
Management Practices ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Storage Conditions ◽  
Maize Weevil ◽  
Farming Communities ◽  
Storage Losses ◽  
Angoumois Grain Moth ◽  
Development Committee ◽  
Village Development Committee ◽  
Open Floor

A survey was conducted in order to assess the losses of maize under farmers’ storage conditions in the Western hills of Nepal in 2014. The survey area included Thanapati Village Development Committee (VDC) of Gulmi, Aalamdebi VDC of Syangja, Khasauli VDC of Palpa and Baglung municipality-12, Baglung district. Primary information was collected through semi-structured questionnaires among the heterogenous groups of the farming communities. Survey revealed that about 61% respondents reported the storage pest as the major pests and about 12% respondents reported that field pests as the major pests in the western hills. Maize weevil (Sitophylus zeamais Mostsch.) and Angoumois grain moth (Sitotroga cerealella Oliv.) were found to be major storage insect pests in surveyed areas. Majority of respondents (39%) presumed on 10-20% losses during storage. Among the other biotic factors, farmers ranked insect (42%), weeds (32%) and diseases (17%) respectively. Maize storage methods had distinct among the surveyed areas compared with Baglung district to other surveyed areas. In Baglung, about (73%) farmers had stored maize in the form of grain whereas in Palpa, Gulmi and Syangja, about (77%) farmers had practice of storing maize with husk for 5-7 months. Approximately, 40% respondents were using open floor in upper stair “Aanti”as a major maize storage place in Palpa, Gulmi and Syangja whereas almost (79%) of respondents were using sacks to store shelled grains in Baglung. Hence, there is ample opportunity to reduce the storage losses of maize depending upon the existing situation.Journal of Maize Research and Development (2015) 1(1):98-105DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.34288

scholarly journals Rainastar Irrigation Project and its Impact on Paddy Cultivation in Chakratirtha Village Development Committee Lamjung District, Nepal

2014 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. 12-16
Author(s):  
Netra Prasad Dhital
Keyword(s):  
Crop Production ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Irrigation Project ◽  
Important Crop ◽  
Development Committee ◽  
Village Development Committee ◽  
Paddy Cultivation

Present paper has been focused on the changing aspects of paddy cultivation of Chakratir the VDC, Lamjung district after the implementation of Rain star Irrigation Project (RIP). The RIP is confined in 7 wards of the VDC, where only 3 and 4 wards are not covered. The study of changing scenario of paddy cultivation after the completion of RIP has been mainly based on the primary data. The study has found that various crops such as paddy, maize and millet were grown almost equally in the study area before the availability of irrigation facility. Due to the availability of irrigation facility, the crop production has been moved towards paddy cultivation. Paddy has become the most important crop for consumption and income. Before irrigation project only 204 ha lands was occupied for paddy production whereas after the construction of the Project it was extended to 340 ha land.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ttp.v13i0.11541The Third PoleVol. 13, 2013page : 12-16

scholarly journals Rural Farmers’ Perceptions, Knowledge and Management of Insect Pests of Fruit Vegetables in Ogbomoso Agricultural Zone of Nigeria

2014 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. 18-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oladele Abiodun Olaniran ◽  
Samuel Adelani Babarinde ◽  
Adeola Foluke Odewole ◽  
Peter Ademola Aremu ◽  
Kehinde Popoola
Keyword(s):  
Management Practices ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Insect Pest ◽  
Cultural Control ◽  
Control Methods ◽  
Rural Farmers ◽  
Planting Season ◽  
Age Category ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

Surveys were carried out in five local government areas of Ogbomoso Agricultural Zone Nigeria during planting season in 2010 to investigate rural farmers perceptions and management practices of insect pests of fruit vegetables. The survey involved 150 randomly selected farmers who were interviewed using structured questionnaire. Fruit vegetables planted by the farmers were okra, tomatoes, pepper and garden egg. Reasons given by farmers for cultivating fruit vegetables were significantly favored by age category, educational qualification, and secondary occupation of farmers (x2 = 4.757, P = 0.029). Field insect pests were perceived as the major production constraint to fruit vegetables in this zone. Majority of the farmer estimated 78.4 % rated insect pest as the most serious pest infesting fruit vegetables, the insect pests were grasshopper (Orthoptera), beetles (Coleoptera) and caterpillar (Lepidoptera). Integrated pest management module consisted basically of chemical and cultural control strategies, with weeding, shifting cultivation and crop rotation as main cultural control methods. More than 76.7 % of the farmers make use of cultural control because of unavailability and cost of chemical insecticides. Only 23.3 % had access to chemical insecticides in controlling insect pest of fruit vegetables.

scholarly journals Hindering factors of infant feeding practices among the mothers of mid western part of Nepal

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-20
Author(s):  
Manita Pyakurel ◽  
Sujeeta Bhandari ◽  
Rishi Bhatta
Keyword(s):  
Infant Feeding ◽  
Working Mother ◽  
Knowledge Practices ◽  
Baseline Information ◽  
Development Committee ◽  
Village Development Committee ◽  
The Government ◽  
One Year ◽  
Breastfeeding Practice ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

Background and Objectives: This study was aimed to provide baseline information on infant feeding knowledge, practices and hindering factors for proper feedings.Material and Methods: Among the 185 women with less than one year child coming on immunization clinic of health post of Chisapani Village Development Committee, infant feeding knowledge, practices were assessed by interviewing with semi structured questionnaire and focus group discussion.Results: Male children were more exclusively breastfed (33%) than female (27%) and exclusive breast feeding was lower in fifth and sixth month of age. All of them were aware that the baby should be fed only breast milk for 6 months, but the exclusive breastfeeding practice was found only in a very few mothers. Most of them had fed solid food after 3 months.Conclusion: Knowledge and practices on infant feeding do not go along despite the adequacy of knowledge due to the hindering factors like poverty, working mother, lack of support from family members and lack of support from the government infant. The gap between knowledge and practice can be lessened via informative activities on lactation management, endorsing policies and rights for mothers-infants relationship.

scholarly journals An Ethnobiological Study of the Tamang People

Our Nature ◽  
1970 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ganesh Tamang
Keyword(s):  
Animal Species ◽  
Tinospora Cordifolia ◽  
Acorus Calamus ◽  
Terminalia Chebula ◽  
Medicinal Purpose ◽  
Stem Extract ◽  
Development Committee ◽  
Village Development Committee ◽  
Animal Names ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

Tamangs are one of the major ethnic groups of Nepal. Ethnobiological investigation of Tamang people of Gorsyang Village Development Committee of Nuwakot district was carried out. Information was documented from structured questionnaire and interviews with local people. They were found to have rich indigenous knowledge. They use different 12 animal names as calendar. A total of 11 animal species and 44 plant species were found to be used in medicinal purpose. Viscera of Hystrix brachyura, pancreas of fish and flesh of Rana tigrinai were found using in the treatment of asthma, jaundice and pneumonia. The fur of Lepus nigricollis is used to stop bleeding. Acorus calamus, Centilla asiatica and Terminalia chebula are the important medicinal plants, which they use to control throat, urine and gastric problems. The stem extract of Tinospora cordifolia is used in menstruation problems. Keywords: Ethnobiology, Tamang peopledoi:10.3126/on.v1i1.303Our Nature (2003) 1: 37-41

scholarly journals Agriculture and emigration: A case study of Manapang Village, Tanahun, Nepal

2013 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 48-56
Author(s):  
Uttam Khanal ◽  
R. C. Khanal ◽  
P. P. Regmi
Keyword(s):  
Household Income ◽  
Marginal Value ◽  
Farm Work ◽  
Average Share ◽  
Development Committee ◽  
Village Development Committee ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

A study was undertaken to assess the relationship between agriculture and emigration in Manapang Village Development Committee (VDC) of Tanahun District, Nepal. A total of 120 randomly sampled households were interviewed using a semi-structured questionnaire. Results showed that the average land holding size, irrigated land holding size, livestock holding, income from agriculture, and investment of household income in agriculture were found to be higher in non-migrating households than in migrating households, whereas total household income was higher in migrating households than in non-migrating ones. The marginal value productivity of labor was lower for major crops than that of average wage rate from non-farm work. The size of abandoned land was higher in migrating than non-migrating households. The average share of remittances in household income was 62.50 % in migrating household. Higher share of the remittances was used for consumption purposes, but only 5 % was used in agriculture. Findings revealed that although emigration has a positive effect on the overall economy in the rural households, however, agricultural productivity is suffered.

Mustard Aphid and Crop Production

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 310-317
Author(s):  
Saurabha Koirala
Keyword(s):  
Crop Production ◽  
Cultural Practices ◽  
Crop Protection ◽  
Reproductive Mode ◽  
Threshold Level ◽  
Lipaphis Erysimi ◽  
Mustard Aphid ◽  
Cloudy Weather ◽  
Drying Up ◽  
Plant Injury

Mustard aphid, Lipaphis erysimi (L.) Kaltenbach (Homoptera: Aphididae) is the most notorious, cosmopolitan louse-like and obligate ectoparasite, which causes a bulk of the qualitative and quantitative loss of rapeseed-mustard crops. This article reviews the general overview of biology, damages, and the management of mustard aphids. Biologically, L. erysimi adults are soft bodies, varying in color mostly yellowish-greenish, small to medium-sized, globular, pear-shaped, manifesting wing dimorphism based on the resource availability. Plasticity in reproductive mode either sexually or asexually stimulated as an adaptive response to cope with seasonal fluctuations, maximizes the chance of survival from predators being outnumbering. Mustard aphid infested host plant in three major ways, firstly by sucking the plant phloem through stylets, the needle-like piercing-sucking mouthparts which manifest injury like curling and yellowing of the leaf, stunting and drying up of the plants. Secondly, by excreting a sticky substance (honeydew) on which 'sooty mold' growth, which blocks the process of photosynthesis. Thirdly, it causes secondary plant injury by transmission and dissemination of viruses including turnip mosaic viruses. The appearance, multiplication, and disappearance of mustard aphid are largely regulated by weather variations. Its prolific multiplication greatly thrives by cool, wet, and cloudy weather. The mustard aphid can be eschewed more so if the crop is sown before 20th October. Applications of the recommended dose of fertilizers, irrigation, resistant varieties are some cultural practices to cope with the aphid population. Natural enemies are effective and impressive nowadays for crop protection. Ladybird beetles viz., Cocciniella septempunctata, Hippodamia variegata, and Cheilomones vicina are active predators of this pest. Chemical control includes the application of systemic insecticides below the ETL (Economic Threshold Level). Some major insecticide includes are Imidacloprid 17.8% @ 0.25 ml/l, Thiamethoxam 25 WG @ 0.2g/l and Dimethoate 30EC @ 1 ml/l of water. Int. J. Appl. Sci. Biotechnol. Vol 8(3): 310-317

scholarly journals Weaver Ant Oecophylla longinoda Latreille (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) Performance in Mango and Cashew Trees Under Different Management Regimens

Sociobiology ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 65 (2) ◽  
pp. 208
Author(s):  
Rosine Brisso Wargui ◽  
Appolinaire Adandonon ◽  
Antonio Sinzogan ◽  
Florence Mahouton Anato ◽  
Jean-François Vayssières ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Management Practices ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Performance Measure ◽  
Chemical Insecticide ◽  
Weaver Ants ◽  
Weaver Ant ◽  
Oecophylla Longinoda ◽  
Sugar Feeding ◽  
Index Value ◽  
Plantation Crops

Weaver ants are used for biological control of insect pests in plantation crops. To obtain proper pest control, ant densities need to be high. Food availability and nesting facilities on host plants and management practices may affect ant performance. In the present study, we tested the effect of two host plant species (mango and cashew) and three different management practices (ants only, ants fed with sugar and ants combined with the soft chemical insecticide Spinosad) on weaver ant performance. Performance was assessed over a 22 month period, as an index value based on the number of ant trails per tree and as the number of ant nests per tree. A total of 216 trees (72 per treatment) were observed in each crop. In all treatments, the ants performed better in mango compared to cashew. Using the index based performance measure, ants also performed better in the sugar treatment as compared to the two other treatments, whereas this was not the case in cashew. We conclude that sugar feeding can be used to increase ant populations in mango. We also found that the treatment with Spinosad in combination with ants showed performance equal to the treatments with only ants, suggesting that Spinosad did not negatively affect ant populations. We therefore conclude that Spinosad is compatible with the use of weaver ants in integrated pest management programs.

scholarly journals Management of Mustard Aphid Lipaphis erysimi (Kalt.) (Homoptera: Aphididae)

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 537-540 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Kafle
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiment ◽  
Untreated Control ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Lipaphis Erysimi ◽  
Rabi Season ◽  
Mustard Aphid ◽  
Lemon Grass ◽  
Almost All

An experiment was conducted at IAAS, Lamjung to evaluate the management practices of Lipaphis erysimi (Kalt.) during Rabi season in 2013/14.  Field experiment was laid out in a randomized block desigh (RCBD) with four replications and six treatments. The treatments were: i) Verticillilum lecanii @ 5gm/L of water; ii) Derisom (Karinjin) @ 2ml/L of water; iii) Margosom (Azadirachtin) @ 5ml/L of water; iv) Lemon grass oil @ 2ml/L of water; v) Dimethoate (Rogor) @2ml/L of water; and vi) Untreated control. Each plot consisted of 2 m x 2.7 m (5.4 m2) with 360 plants (spacing RR 30 cm x PP 5 cm). Field experiment showed that the highest reduction of Lipaphis erysimi (Kalt.) was achieved in Dimethoate (Rogor 30 EC) followed by Derisom but these two treatments were statistically at par during almost all the spray times. Thus, Derisom (botanical) might be the best option in eco-friendly management of Lipaphis erysimi (Kalt.). Int J Appl Sci Biotechnol, Vol 3(3): 537-540

scholarly journals Effect of foliar spray of elicitors on status of defense proteins in relation to mustard aphid infestation in crop Brassica cultivars

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 2242-2248 ◽  
Author(s):  
Taruna Thakur ◽  
M. K. Sangha ◽  
Ramesh Arora ◽  
M. Javed
Keyword(s):  
Insect Pest ◽  
Foliar Spray ◽  
Leaf Tissue ◽  
Aphid Population ◽  
Total Soluble Protein ◽  
Lipaphis Erysimi ◽  
Mustard Aphid ◽  
Defense Proteins ◽  
Aphid Infestation ◽  
Population Count

Mustard aphid, Lipaphis erysimi Kalt., is the key insect pest of crop Brassicas causing significant reduction in crop yield. In the present study, widely grown Brassica cultivars RLC-1 (Brassica juncea) and GSC-6 (Brassica napus) were treated with elicitors salicylic acid (SA) and jasmonic acid (JA) at 0.5mM and 1mM concentration via foliar spray (given at 40 and 60 days after planting (DAP). Their effect was evaluated in terms of total soluble protein content and activities of defense proteins (peroxidase, protease inhibitor, polyphenol oxidase, amylase inhibitor and lectins) in relation to aphid infestation in leaf tissue. SA and JA application caused significant increase in activities of defense proteins as well as total soluble proteins. JA at 1mM concentration was most effective in both Brassica cultivars. The 2nd foliar spray gave a booster response. The aphid population/plant reduced significantly in both the cultivars with JA as well as SA. POD and PPO registered negative correlation with aphid population count. SA and JA foliar applications seemed effective against mustard aphid through positive modulation in activities of defense proteins.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document