scholarly journals Effect of foliar spray of elicitors on status of defense proteins in relation to mustard aphid infestation in crop Brassica cultivars

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 2242-2248 ◽  
Author(s):  
Taruna Thakur ◽  
M. K. Sangha ◽  
Ramesh Arora ◽  
M. Javed
Keyword(s):  
Insect Pest ◽  
Foliar Spray ◽  
Leaf Tissue ◽  
Aphid Population ◽  
Total Soluble Protein ◽  
Lipaphis Erysimi ◽  
Mustard Aphid ◽  
Defense Proteins ◽  
Aphid Infestation ◽  
Population Count

Mustard aphid, Lipaphis erysimi Kalt., is the key insect pest of crop Brassicas causing significant reduction in crop yield. In the present study, widely grown Brassica cultivars RLC-1 (Brassica juncea) and GSC-6 (Brassica napus) were treated with elicitors salicylic acid (SA) and jasmonic acid (JA) at 0.5mM and 1mM concentration via foliar spray (given at 40 and 60 days after planting (DAP). Their effect was evaluated in terms of total soluble protein content and activities of defense proteins (peroxidase, protease inhibitor, polyphenol oxidase, amylase inhibitor and lectins) in relation to aphid infestation in leaf tissue. SA and JA application caused significant increase in activities of defense proteins as well as total soluble proteins. JA at 1mM concentration was most effective in both Brassica cultivars. The 2nd foliar spray gave a booster response. The aphid population/plant reduced significantly in both the cultivars with JA as well as SA. POD and PPO registered negative correlation with aphid population count. SA and JA foliar applications seemed effective against mustard aphid through positive modulation in activities of defense proteins.

scholarly journals Infestation of four mustard varieties by Lipaphis erysimi (Kalt) in relation to different levels of irrigation

2016 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 625-632 ◽  
Author(s):  
MA Mannan ◽  
N Tarannum
Keyword(s):  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Interaction Effects ◽  
Aphid Population ◽  
Lipaphis Erysimi ◽  
Aphid Infestation ◽  
Irrigation Levels ◽  
Different Levels

An experiment was conducted to find out the influence of three irrigation levels (no irrigation, one irrigation and two irrigation) on four mustard varieties (Tori- 7, BARI Sharisha-6, BARI Sharisha-9 and BARI Sharisha-8). The non-irrigated plots had highest aphid population (34.96/plant) and lowest (11.16 aphids/plant) in two irrigation. The variety BARI Sharisha-8 showed lowest (5.34 aphids/plant) aphid infestation and its yield was highest (2.05 ton/ha). Interaction effects indicated that the crop escaped from the aphid incidence in the variety BARI Sharisha-8 irrigated 2 times and produced highest yield (2.37 ton/ha). The differences in the aphid population at three irrigation levels affected the yield contributing characters and it was negatively correlated (correlation coefficient value ‘r’ ranged from -0.91 to 1.0).Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 41(4): 625-632, December 2016

scholarly journals Assessing Aphid Infestation in Indian Mustard (Brassica juncea L.) under Present and Future Climate Scenarios

2013 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 373-387 ◽  
Author(s):  
B Bapuji Rao ◽  
VUM Rao ◽  
Linitha Nair ◽  
YG Prasad ◽  
AP Ramaraj ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Juncea ◽  
Indian Mustard ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Aphid Population ◽  
Lipaphis Erysimi ◽  
Climate Scenarios ◽  
Weather Variables ◽  
Aphid Infestation ◽  
Functional Relations

Mustard (Brassica juncea L.) production in India suffers from aphid, Lipaphis erysimi (Kaltenbach), infestation considerably. Role of weather on the incidence and development of mustard aphids was assessed from experimental data from six north Indian locations. Aphid appearance and population build up was found to be regulated by temperature and time to attain peak population was relatively short in warm humid climates than in cool climates. Aphids appeared generally when the accumulated thermal time ranged between 810-847 and diurnal temperature range had a key role on the pest build up. Functional relations developed from the present study between aphid incidence and peak population using previous weeks weather and pest data for majority of the locations could be used for taking of any prophylactic/control measures. Projections on aphid population in future climates using generated weather variables indicated that warming may not increase aphid population at all locations uniformly. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjar.v38i3.16924 Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 38(3): 373-387, September 2013

scholarly journals Efficacy of some new genearation insecticides and a botanical against mustard aphid and their toxicity to coccinellid predators and foraging honeybees

2016 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 725-734 ◽  
Author(s):  
NK Dutta ◽  
SN Alam ◽  
M Mahmudunnabi ◽  
MF Khatun ◽  
YJ Kwon
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Aphid Population ◽  
Lipaphis Erysimi ◽  
Agricultural Research Institute ◽  
Mustard Aphid ◽  
Honeybee Population ◽  
New Generation ◽  
Treated Plot ◽  
Research Institute

Field studies were carried out to evaluate the efficacy of four new generation insecticides along with a botanical against mustard aphid (Lipaphis erysimi Kalt.) and their toxicity to coccinellid beetles and foraging honeybees during 2014-15 at Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Gazipur, Bangladesh. Buprofezin 40 SC was found to be the most effective against aphid offering the lowest aphid population (1.56/ top10cm central twig) at 7 days after spraying (DAS) which was statistically identical to Diafenthiuron 500SC (1.85/ top10cm central twig). Among the treatments, Azadiractin 1EC appeared to be safest to coccinellid beetles and foraging honeybees because it recorded the highest number of beetle (7.50 /5 plants) and honeybee (9.64 /plot/5 min) population at 7 DAS, although honeybee population did not vary statistically with that of Buprofezin 40 SC and Lufenuron 5EC treated plots. Indoxacarb 145SC was found to be the most toxic against honeybees. However, the highest yield was obtained from Buprofezin 40 SC (1.57 t ha-1) treated plot although this was statistically identical to that Diafenthiuron 500SC (1.52 t ha-1) and Azadiractin 1EC (1.48 t ha-1) treated plots.Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 41(4): 725-734, December 2016

scholarly journals Farmer’s Management Practices Adopted Against Mustard Aphid, Lipaphis erysimi (Kalt.): A Survey of Chitwan, Nepal

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 78-82
Author(s):  
Kapil Kafle ◽  
Mahesh Jaishi
Keyword(s):  
Crop Production ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Lipaphis Erysimi ◽  
Chemical Insecticide ◽  
Mustard Aphid ◽  
Aphid Infestation ◽  
Development Committee ◽  
Village Development Committee ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

Insect pests are the major constraints of crop production. Mustard aphid is the major problems of rapeseed contributing mustard decline in Chitwan, Nepal. Semi-structured questionnaire survey was conducted on randomly selected farmers of Chainpir Village Development Committee (VDC), Chitwan after a pre-testing in Mangalpur VDC to study the farmers’ knowledge and management practices adopted against mustard aphid in Chitwan. Study revealed majority (60%) of the respondent suggested aphid as the major insect of rapeseed and moreover, 86% of the respondent experienced it to cause 25% loss to the crop yield. Much proportion of respondents (58%) also realized low temperature with high humidity at the time of flowering as a cause in higher aphid infestation. Farmers use 2-3 sprays of chemical insecticide to control aphid but was found to destroy natural enemies and bee population besides damaging natural environment and human health. Int. J. Appl. Sci. Biotechnol. Vol 8(1): 78-82

scholarly journals Varietal Preference of Lipaphis erysimi (Kaltenbach) on Three Species of Brassica

1970 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
pp. 145-148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pankoj Kumar Sarker ◽  
Md Matiur Rahman ◽  
Bidhan Chandra Das
Keyword(s):  
Host Plants ◽  
Free Choice ◽  
Lower Cost ◽  
Sowing Date ◽  
Aphid Population ◽  
Lipaphis Erysimi ◽  
Field Crop ◽  
Aphid Infestation ◽  
Crop Condition ◽  
Varietal Preference

Context: Lipaphis erysimi have different type of preference to settle on different varieties of mustard. Pest preferential movement is important for ecofriendly pest control.Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine the L. erysimi resistance varieties of mustard to get more yields by lower cost and avoid most aphid infesting varieties for higher costMaterials and Methods: Two criteria were used to determine the varietal preference of L. erysimi, viz. (i) dispersal of aphids by cutting the base of host plants and enforce to settle on different varieties of three species of Brassica under free choice conditions, and (ii) suitability of those varieties based on the aphid infestation in the field crop condition at same season. Results: The preferential movement of L. erysimi on ten varieties of Brassica showed significant differences (P<0.01). The variety, Bari sharisa-6 showed highest (90.00 ± 7.21) aphid settlement followed by the variety, Rai-5 (89.00 ± 5.69). The variety, Bari sharisa-10 showed lowest (10.00 ± 0.58) aphid settlement followed by the variety, Bari sharisa-11 (19.00 ± 3.61). Naturally infested aphid population on first sowing date was recorded highest (2.1 ± 0.79) on the variety Bari Sarisha-8, followed by Bari Sarisha-6 (1.93 ± 0.88). The lowest (0.19 ± 0.09) number of aphids recorded on Bari Sarisha-12. In second sowing date, Bari Sarisha-7 showed highest (19.5 ± 6.51) aphid population, followed by Bari Sarisha-8 (15.42 ± 5.72). The lowest (1.2 ± 0.38) aphid population found on the variety, Bari Sarisha-11. In third sowing date, highest (14.69 ± 5.69) number of aphids was recorded on the variety, Bari Sarisha-6, followed by the variety, Sonali-75 (14.48±4.74). Lowest number (6.06 ± 2.30) of aphids was found on the variety, Bari Sarisha-12. In the fourth sowing date, highest (15.54 ± 5.72) aphid population recorded on the variety, Bari Sarisha-8, followed by Bari Sarisha-7 (14.39 ± 5.70); and the lowest (4.41 ± 1.75) number of aphids recorded on the variety, Bari Sarisha-9. Key words:  Lipaphis erysimi; varietal preference; Brassica; Sarisha; Rai.DOI: 10.3329/jbs.v17i0.7123J. bio-sci. 17: 145-148, 2009

scholarly journals Bio-intensive integrated management strategy for mustard aphid Lipaphis erysimi Kalt. (Homoptera: Aphididae)

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 192-196 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sunita Yadav ◽  
S. P. Singh
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Integrated Management ◽  
Indian Mustard ◽  
Coccinella Septempunctata ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Aphid Population ◽  
Lipaphis Erysimi ◽  
Verticillium Lecanii ◽  
Alternative Measure ◽  
Mustard Aphid

Among the various treatments evaluated for their bio-efficacy against mustard aphid on Indian mustard during 2011-12 and 2012-13 at CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, the spray of Dimethoate 30 EC @ 1 ml/l followed by Verticillium lecanii @ 108 CS/ml was proved to be the best treatment with pooled mean aphid population of 4.5, 3.25 and 1.65 aphids/plant as against 22.0, 24.0 and 26.0 aphids/plant in the control after 3, 7 and 10 days of treatment, respectively. The pooled mean seed yield was also maximum (1485.0 kg/ha) in this treatment as compared to control (1305.0 kg/ha).The treatment was found on par with spray of dimethoate @ 1 ml/l followed by Coccinella septempunctata @ 5,000 beetles/ha with pooled mean aphid population of 5.0, 4.0 and 2.0 aphids/plant after 3, 7 and 10 days of treatment, respectively and pooled mean seed yield of (1470.0 kg/ha). But the cost benefit ratio was maximum (7.25) in treatment dimethoate followed by C. septempunctata and NSKE @ 5% followed by C. septempunctata @ 5,000 beetles/ha (6.68). Thus, entomopathogenic fungi like V. lecanii or NSKE along with release of C. septempunctata can be used as alternative measure to manage mustard aphid instead of solely relying on insecticides.

scholarly journals Population Dynamics and Yield Loss Assessment for Pea Aphid, Acyrthosiphon pisum (Harris) (Homoptera: Aphididae), on Lentil in Morocco

Insects ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 1080
Author(s):  
Karim El Fakhouri ◽  
Abdelhadi Sabraoui ◽  
Zakaria Kehel ◽  
Mustapha El Bouhssini
Keyword(s):  
Population Dynamics ◽  
Acyrthosiphon Pisum ◽  
Insect Pest ◽  
Pea Aphid ◽  
Aphid Population ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Loss Assessment ◽  
Weather Factors ◽  
Management Options ◽  
Aphid Infestation

Pea aphid (Acyrthosiphon pisum Harris) is the major insect pest of lentil in Morocco. We investigated pea aphid mean numbers and yield losses on three lentil varieties at one location during three successive cropping seasons during 2015–2018. The effects of several weather factors on pea aphid population dynamics were investigated. Population density increased in early spring followed by several peaks during March–April and then steeply declined during the late spring. Aphid populations peaked at different times during the three years of the study. In 2016, higher populations occurred during the second and third weeks of April for Abda and Zaria varieties with averages of 27 and 28 aphids/20 twigs, respectively. In 2017, higher populations occurred on the 12th and 13th standard meteorological weeks (SMWs) for Zaria with averages of 24.7 and 27.03 aphids/20 twigs, respectively. In 2018, the population peaked for all varieties at three different times, 11th, 13th, and 17th SMW, with the highest for Zaria being 26.00, 47.41, and 32.33 aphids/20 twigs. Pea aphid population dynamics changed with weather conditions. The number of aphids significantly and positively correlated with maximum temperature, but significantly negatively correlated with relative humidity and wind speed. The minimum temperature and rainfall had non-significant correlations. Pea aphid infestation resulted in losses of total seed weight for all lentil varieties, with the highest avoidable losses for Bakria being 12.51% followed by Zaria with 7.72% and Abda with 4.56%. These losses may justify the development of integrated management options for control of this pest.

scholarly journals Relationship between chemical fertilization in sorghum and Melanaphis sacchari/sorghi (Hemiptera: Aphididae) populations

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 357-366
Author(s):  
José Arturo Schlickmann-Tank ◽  
Oscar Morales-Galván ◽  
Joel Pineda-Pineda ◽  
Gonzalo Espinosa-Vázquez ◽  
María Teresa Colinas-León ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reducing Sugars ◽  
Soluble Sugars ◽  
Leaf Tissue ◽  
Aphid Population ◽  
Total Soluble Protein ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Melanaphis Sacchari ◽  
Nitrogen Levels ◽  
Chemical Fertilization ◽  
Important Pest

The aphid Melanaphis sacchari/sorghi is considered the most important pest of sorghum cultivation in Mexico. It can cause losses in production of up to 100%. This research was conducted at the Universidad Autonoma Chapingo during 2018 and 2019 with the objective of determining the relationship between chemical fertilization in sorghum and M. sacchari/sorghi (Hemiptera: Aphididae) populations. Different levels of nitrogen (125, 250 and 500 kg ha-1), phosphorus (19.5, 39 and 78 kg ha-1) and potassium (210 and 420 kg ha-1) were supplied to sorghum plants planted in polyethylene pots with a capacity of 6 L under greenhouse conditions. The plants were infested with a total of 15 third-instar nymphs within 60 days of crop emergence. A total of 6 samplings were carried out at 7 day intervals, starting at 7 d after the infestation. Quantifications of total soluble proteins, total soluble sugars, reducing sugars, and levels of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and magnesium in leaf tissue were also performed. We observed that higher doses of nitrogen and phosphorus increased the aphid population, while increasing the potassium dose considerably decreased the aphid population. We also found a positive correlation between the aphid population and the total soluble protein concentrations, reducing sugars and nitrogen levels, while the correlation was negative with potassium levels in leaves.

scholarly journals Relative efficacy of certain insecticides against mustard aphid in mustard ecosystem

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 46-48
Author(s):  
Shweta Patel ◽  
◽  
C.P. Singh ◽  
Wajid Hasan ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Juncea ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Foliar Spray ◽  
Research Center ◽  
Lipaphis Erysimi ◽  
Relative Efficacy ◽  
Rabi Season ◽  
Mustard Aphid ◽  
Crop Research

Studies on the efficacy of eight insecticides against mustard aphid, Lipaphis erysimi (Kalt.) on Brassica juncea cv. Varuna as foliar spray were carried out at Norman E. Borlaug Crop Research Center of G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar (India) during Rabi season of 2018-19. Studies revealed that after third and seventh days of spray, Dimethoate 30 EC, Thiamethoxam 25 WG and Imidacloprid 17.8 SL proved most effective against mustard aphid. The maximum seed yield of 21.69 q/ha was recorded in thiamethoxam, which remained on par with imidacloprid (21.43 q/ha) and dimethoate (20.69 q/ha). The lowest seed yield was obtained from untreated plots (10.44 q/ha).

scholarly journals Formulation of weather based forecasting model for mustard aphid, Lipaphis erysimi kalt. in Tarai region of Uttarakhand

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-30
Author(s):  
Shweta Patel ◽  
◽  
C.P. Singh ◽  
wajid Hasan ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Control Measures ◽  
Aphid Population ◽  
Lipaphis Erysimi ◽  
Weather Data ◽  
Forecasting Model ◽  
Yield Losses ◽  
Mustard Aphid ◽  
Significant Yield ◽  
Weather Parameters

Lipaphis erysimi (Kalt.) infestation on mustard account for significant yield losses in India. Experimental data from sixteen years were used to study the role of weather on the incidence and development of mustard aphid. Temperature was found to regulate the aphid population build-up and arrival . Weather parameters before one week from aphid population observation contribute higher effect than of the same date, two week prior and three week prior observation. In the present investigation regression equation between aphid incidence and using previous week’s weather data could be used for formulating the forecasting model for L. erysimi, and for taking control measures.

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