scholarly journals ADSORPTIVE REMOVAL OF TRACE CONCENTRATION OF FLUORIDE FROM WATER USING CERIUM LOADED DRIED ORANGE JUICE RESIDUE

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-48
Author(s):  
Hari Paudyal ◽  
Katsutoshi Inoue
Keyword(s):  
Orange Juice ◽  
Optimum Operating ◽  
Fluoride Removal ◽  
Fluoride Ion ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Trace Concentration ◽  
Promising Alternative ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Equilibrium Data

 Two adsorbents for fluoride ion removal were developed from dried orange juice residue (DOJR) after loading Ce(III) and Ce(IV) in this study. The characterization of adsorbents was done by an energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction analysis, electron microscopy and chemical analysis. The experimental results indicated that the fluoride removal efficiency of both the adsorbents was influenced significantly by pH and the optimum operating pH was found to be 4. The equilibrium data were well fitted with Langmuir isotherm model and the maximum adsorption capacity of Ce(III)-DOJR and Ce(IV)-DOJR for fluoride were evaluated to be 0.67 and 1.22 mmol/g, respectively. Leakage of cerium from Ce(IV)-DOJR was negligible for trace concentration of fluoride but it was significant for high concentration of fluoride at pH below 3 resulting fluoride precipitation. Therefore, cerium-loaded DOJR investigated in this study can be considered as an efficient, environmentally benign and promising alternative for the treatment of fluoride contaminated with trace amount of fluoride ion.

scholarly journals Mechanochemically Activated Aluminosilicate Clay Soils and their Application for Defluoridation and Pathogen Removal from Groundwater

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 654 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olumuyiwa Obijole ◽  
Mugera Gitari ◽  
Patrick Ndungu ◽  
Amidou Samie
Keyword(s):  
Clay Soils ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Fluoride Removal ◽  
Particle Diffusion ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Pathogen Removal ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Fluoride Adsorption ◽  
Bet Analysis

In this study, aluminosilicate rich clay soils were prepared through mechanochemical activation. The chemical and mineralogical properties were investigated using X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The functional groups, morphology and surface area were evaluated using Fourier Transform Infra-Red (FTIR), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) analysis. Batch experiments were used to evaluate its defluoridation efficiency while antibacterial activities were assessed using well diffusion method. Maximum adsorption capacity was found to be 1.87 mg/g with 32% fluoride removal. Fluoride adsorption was found to reduce in the presence of Cl−, PO42− and CO32− while it increased in the presence of SO42− and NO3−. Adsorption data fitted well to Freundlich isotherms, hence, confirming heterogeneous multilayer adsorption. Kinetic studies revealed that fluoride adsorption fitted well to pseudo-second order model. The sorption of F− onto the clays’ surface followed intra-particle diffusion mode. High correlation coefficient indicates that the sorption process was greatly controlled by particle diffusion while it is minimal in pore diffusion model. Antibacterial studies revealed no zone of inhibition for all the activated clays, hence indicating that they are not active against the bacterial strains of Escherichia coli used in this study. The results showed activated clays’ potential for defluoridation. Its effectiveness in pathogen removal is limited. Hence further modifications of the clays’ surfaces are hereby recommended.

Sorption properties of Amberlite XAD 7 functionalized with sodium β-glycerophosphate

2016 ◽  
Vol 88 (12) ◽  
pp. 1143-1154
Author(s):  
Andreea Gabor ◽  
Corneliu Mircea Davidescu ◽  
Adina Negrea ◽  
Mihaela Ciopec ◽  
Cornelia Muntean ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adsorption Process ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Sorption Properties ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Order Model ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Equilibrium Data ◽  
Pseudo Second Order ◽  
Best Fit ◽  
Efficient Adsorbent

Abstract This paper presents the sorption properties of a new adsorbent material prepared by impregnating Amberlite XAD 7 polymer with sodium β-glycerophosphate. For impregnation, the pellicular vacuum solvent vaporization method was employed. The functionalization was evidenced by energy dispersive X-ray analysis. The usefulness of this material and its performances were studied for the adsorption of the rare earth element La(III) in batch experiments. The influence of various parameters affecting the adsorption of lanthanum like contact time, initial concentration, pH value, and temperature was studied. The kinetic of the adsorption process was best described by the pseudo-second-order model. Sips isotherm was found to be the best fit of the equilibrium data. The maximum adsorption capacity of the functionalized material was of 33.8 mg La(III)/g. The values of thermodynamic parameters (ΔGo, ΔHo, ΔSo) showed that the adsorption process was endothermic and spontaneous. The results proved that Amberlite XAD 7 functionalized with sodium β-glycerophosphate is an efficient adsorbent for the removal of La(III) ions from aqueous solutions. Quantum chemistry was performed using Spartan software.

scholarly journals Synthesis of a Novel Ce-bpdc for the Effective Removal of Fluoride from Aqueous Solution

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Changqing Zhao ◽  
Yanwei Cui ◽  
Fang Fang ◽  
Si Ok Ryu ◽  
Jiarui Huang
Keyword(s):  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Binding Capacity ◽  
Fluoride Removal ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Fluoride Ions ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Fluoride Adsorption

Ce-1,1′-biphenyl-4,4′-dicarboxylic acid (Ce-bpdc), a novel type of metal organic framework, was synthesized and applied to remove excessive fluoride from water. The structure and morphology of Ce-bpdc were measured by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The effects, such as saturated adsorption capacity, HCO3-, and pH, were investigated. The optimal pH value for fluoride adsorption was the range from 5 to 6. The coexisting bicarbonate anions have a little influence on fluoride removal. The fluoride adsorption over the Ce-bpdc adsorbent could reach its equilibrium in about 20 min. The Ce-bpdc coordination complex exhibited high binding capacity for fluoride ions. The maximum adsorption capacity calculated from Langmuir model was high up to 45.5 mg/g at 298 K (pH = 7.0) and the removal efficiency was greater than 80%. In order to investigate the mechanism of fluoride removal, various adsorption isotherms such as Langmuir and Freundlich were fitted. The experimental data revealed that the Langmuir isotherm gave a more satisfactory fit for fluoride removal. Finally, the tested results of ground water samples from three places, Yuefang, Jiangji, and Sanyi which exhibited high removal efficiency, also demonstrate the potential utility of the Ce-bpdc as an effective adsorbent.

Adsorptive removal of trace concentration of fluoride ion from water by using dried orange juice residue

2013 ◽  
Vol 223 ◽  
pp. 844-853 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hari Paudyal ◽  
Bimala Pangeni ◽  
Katsutoshi Inoue ◽  
Hidetaka Kawakita ◽  
Keisuke Ohto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Orange Juice ◽  
Fluoride Ion ◽  
Trace Concentration ◽  
Adsorptive Removal

Adsorption of Fluoride on Limestone-Derived Apatite

2012 ◽  
pp. 128-138
Author(s):  
Cyprian Murutu ◽  
Maurice S. Onyango ◽  
Aoyi Ochieng ◽  
Fred Otieno
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Fluoride Concentration ◽  
Fluoride Removal ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Dental And Skeletal Fluorosis ◽  
Equilibrium Data ◽  
Pseudo Second Order ◽  
Permissible Levels ◽  
Ph Range

Fluoride in drinking water above permissible levels is responsible for human dental and skeletal fluorosis. Adsorptive based defluoridation is the most popular technique with several end-user applications. Consequently, this paper describes the fluoride removal potential of a novel sorbent, limestone-derived apatite from drinking water. The adsorbent was prepared by calcining limestone followed by reacting with orthophosphoric acid. Batch sorption studies were performed as a function of contact time, pH, initial fluoride concentration, temperature and adsorbent dose. Sorption of fluoride was found to be pH dependent with a maximum occurring in the pH range of 5-9. The authors also observed that the material had a buffering effect on the same pH range. Meanwhile, the adsorption capacity was found to increase with temperature, depicting the endothermic nature of the adsorption process and decreases with adsorbent mass. The equilibrium data was well described by the conventional Langmuir isotherm, from which isotherm the maximum adsorption capacity was determined as 22.2 mg/g. From the kinetic perspective, the fluoride adsorptive reaction followed the pseudo-second order mechanism.

scholarly journals Effect of FSP-inserted Cu on Physicochemical Properties of Cu/Al2O3 Catalyst

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 641-652
Author(s):  
Charuwan Poosri ◽  
Choowong Chaisuk ◽  
Wantana Klysubun
Keyword(s):  
Spray Pyrolysis ◽  
Bet Surface Area ◽  
Flame Spray Pyrolysis ◽  
Flame Spray ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Promising Alternative ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Al2o3 Support ◽  
Cu Catalyst ◽  
Al2o3 Catalyst

The copper inserted on Cu/Al2O3 catalysts with various Cu loading (10-40 wt%) were synthesized via flame spray pyrolysis (FSP). These catalysts were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), N2 physisorption, temperature programmed reduction (TPR) and X-ray absorption near edge spectroscopy (XANES). The XRD results confirmed the formation of copper aluminate spinel (CuAl2O4) on the FSP-inserted Cu catalyst. The CuO crystallite size of the Cu/Al2O3 catalysts was increased with increasing Cu loading during the flame spray pyrolysis step. The incorporation of copper and aluminum precursors during the flame spray pyrolysis step can inhibit the growth of Al2O3 particles resulting in higher BET surface area and smaller particle size than pure Al2O3 support. The data from TPR and XANES results can predict the ratio of CuO and CuAl2O4 in the FSP-made support. Less than 20 wt% loading of the FSP-inserted Cu showed high concentration of CuAl2O4 phase in the FSP-made material. The composition of CuO and CuAl2O4 phase can be controlled by varying Cu loading in flame spray pyrolysis step. This is a promising alternative way to synthesize the desired catalyst. An example was the catalytic testing of the selective hydrogenolysis of glycerol. The presence of both CuO and CuAl2O4 phases in the Cu/Al2O3 catalyst enhanced the catalytic activity and promoted the selectivity to acetol product. Copyright © 2020 BCREC Group. All rights reserved 

High Temperature X-ray Diffraction Studies of the Defluorination Reactions of Chukhrovite, Falphite and Ralstonite

1984 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 339-343
Author(s):  
Robert L. Wilson ◽  
Jacob Mu ◽  
James L. Bradford
Keyword(s):  
Phosphoric Acid ◽  
Phosphate Rock ◽  
Fluoride Ion ◽  
Lower Grade ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Wet Process ◽  
New Process ◽  
Metallic Impurities

Current commercial processes for the production of wet-process phosphoric acid involve the dissolution of phosphate rock and separation of insoluble solids by filtration. Calcium is removed by the addition of H2SO4, to precipitate CaSO4•2H2O. Other metallic impurities are removed by extraction or precipitation.In a new process. Lower grade phosphate ore can be digested with recycled phosphoric acid. If the raw acid contains a fairly high concentration of Mg, it may be enriched in fluoride ion.

Adsorption of Fluoride on Limestone-Derived Apatite

2010 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 13-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cyprian Murutu ◽  
Maurice S. Onyango ◽  
Aoyi Ochieng ◽  
Fred Otieno
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Fluoride Concentration ◽  
Fluoride Removal ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Dental And Skeletal Fluorosis ◽  
Equilibrium Data ◽  
Pseudo Second Order ◽  
Permissible Levels ◽  
Ph Range

Fluoride in drinking water above permissible levels is responsible for human dental and skeletal fluorosis. Adsorptive based defluoridation is the most popular technique with several end-user applications. Consequently, this paper describes the fluoride removal potential of a novel sorbent, limestone-derived apatite from drinking water. The adsorbent was prepared by calcining limestone followed by reacting with orthophosphoric acid. Batch sorption studies were performed as a function of contact time, pH, initial fluoride concentration, temperature and adsorbent dose. Sorption of fluoride was found to be pH dependent with a maximum occurring in the pH range of 5-9. The authors also observed that the material had a buffering effect on the same pH range. Meanwhile, the adsorption capacity was found to increase with temperature, depicting the endothermic nature of the adsorption process and decreases with adsorbent mass. The equilibrium data was well described by the conventional Langmuir isotherm, from which isotherm the maximum adsorption capacity was determined as 22.2 mg/g. From the kinetic perspective, the fluoride adsorptive reaction followed the pseudo-second order mechanism.

Preparation and Characterization of Magnetically Responsive Biosorbents from Coffee Industry Residues

2013 ◽  
Vol 394 ◽  
pp. 3-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio Zuorro ◽  
Roberto Lavecchia
Keyword(s):  
Adsorption Equilibrium ◽  
Batch Adsorption ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Spent Coffee Grounds ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Coffee Grounds ◽  
Equilibrium Data ◽  
Adsorption Equilibrium Data

Spent coffee grounds (SCG) and coffee silverskin (CS), the two main coffee industry residues, were magnetically modified by contact with an aqueous ferrofluid containing magnetite nanoparticles. The materials were characterized by SEMEDX analysis, X-ray diffraction and FTIR spectroscopy. Batch adsorption experiments were performed to assess their suitability as biosorbents, using methylene blue as a model pollutant. Adsorption equilibrium data were analysed by the Langmuir model, which allowed estimation of the maximum adsorption capacity. The magnetic biosorbents were easily regenerated by treatment with hydrochloric acid.

scholarly journals Agro-Waste Derived Biomass Impregnated with TiO2 as a Potential Adsorbent for Removal of As(III) from Water

Catalysts ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 1125
Author(s):  
Bhoj Raj Poudel ◽  
Ram Lochan Aryal ◽  
Sitaram Bhattarai ◽  
Agni Raj Koirala ◽  
Surendra Kumar Gautam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adsorption Kinetics ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
Distribution Coefficients ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Equilibrium Data ◽  
Langmuir Isotherm Model ◽  
Efficient Alternative

A novel type of adsorbent, TiO2 impregnated pomegranate peels (PP@TiO2) was successfully synthesized and its efficacy was investigated based on the removal of As(III) from water. The adsorbent was characterized using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectrometer (EDS), X-ray Diffraction (XRD) analysis, and Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) Spectroscopy, to evaluate its morphology, elemental analysis, crystallinity, and functional groups, respectively. Batch experiments were conducted on PP@TiO2 for As(III) adsorption to assess the adsorption isotherm, effect of pH, and adsorption kinetics. Characterization data suggested that TiO2 was successfully impregnated on the biomass substrate. The equilibrium data better fitted to the Langmuir isotherm model having a maximum adsorption capacity of 76.92 mg/g and better distribution coefficients (KD) in the order of ~103 mL/g. The highest percentage of adsorption was found at neutral pH. The adsorption kinetics followed the pseudo-2nd-order model. X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) of the adsorption product exhibited that arsenic was present as As(III) and partially oxidized to As(V). PP@TiO2 can work effectively in the presence of coexisting anions and could be regenerated and reused. Overall, these findings suggested that the as-prepared PP@TiO2 could provide a better and efficient alternative for the synergistic removal of As(III) from water.

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