scholarly journals Population status and distribution of Assamese macaques (Macaca assamensis) in Kaligandaki river basin of Baglung and Parbat districts, Nepal

2018 ◽  
Vol 30 ◽  
pp. 234-243
Author(s):  
Pavan Kumar Paudel ◽  
Mukesh Kumar Chalise
Keyword(s):  
Distribution Pattern ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Recruitment Rate ◽  
Adult Males ◽  
Population Status ◽  
Assamese Macaques ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Adult Sex Ratio

Population status and distribution of Assamese monkey in Kaligandaki river basin was studied by direct count method and block design. Field research was conducted from November, 2015 to June, 2016.The total area of 104.70 km2 was surveyed to determine the Population status and distribution pattern of Assamese monkey. Total of 47 Assamesemacaques were counted in four different troops. The group density was found to be 0.038groups/km2 with a population density of 0.44 individuals/km2 and a mean group size of11.75 (range 3-16) individuals. Age sex composition of macaque comprised 23.40% adult males, 19.14% adult females followed by 17.02% sub adult male, 19.14% young adult female, 14.8% juveniles and 6.38% infants. Adult sex ratio was observed 1:0.81 i.e. 122males per 100 females and the recruitment rate was found 0.33. i.e. 33 infants per 100females. The distribution pattern of Assamese macaques among four different study blocks was found clumped distribution in the study area. There was significant difference in distribution of Assamese macaques among four different blocks (χ2 =6.2996 ,d.f.= 3,p= 0.09791, p>0.05).

scholarly journals PERTUMBUHAN DAN HASIL TANAMAN GANDUM (Triticum aestivum L.) VARIETAS DEWATA DALAM POLYBAG PADA BERBAGAI POPULASI DAN KOMPOSISI MEDIA TANAM

Agric ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Nugraheni Widyawati
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Volume Ratio ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Population Densities ◽  
Sand Soil ◽  
Significant Difference

<p>Studies on the growth and yield performance of wheat (Triticum aestivum L. variety of Dewata) planted in polybag with various populations and media compositions, had been conducted in Faculty of Agriculture Satya Wacana Christian University field research, located at Salaran – Kopeng village, Semarang district, from April 2012 to August 2012. Location of the study lies at an altitude of 900 meters above the sea level. Purpose of this study were to determine the appearance of both the growth and yield of wheat grown in polybag with a various population densities and media composition, as well as to determine the combination of treatments that producing the highest yield of wheat. Factorial design used that was consisted of two factors, i.e: (1) growing gedia composition with four different volume ratio of sand, soil and manure (1:1:1), (1:1:0), (1:0:1) and (0:1:1), and (2) population densities consisted of four: 1 seeds per polybag; 2 seeds per polybag; 3 seeds per polybag and 4 seeds per polybag, so that there were 16 combinations of treatments. Each combination was repeated three times. Basic design of the experiments used Randomized Block Design. Experimental data were analyzed by using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and high significant difference (HSD) test at 95% level of confidence. The conclusion of this study were: (1) Combination of treatment of population densities and composition of  growing media influence on plant height, number of plants per cluster, panicle length, seed weight per panicle, seed weight per cluster and seed weight per polybag and (2) the highest seed weight per polybag was resulted in the density of population of 4 seeds per polybag and planting on mixed media of sand, soil and manure in the volume ratio of 1:1:1.</p>

Effect of Bio and Organic Fertilizers on Pumpkin's (Cucurbita pepo L.) Leave Content of N, P, and K

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 241-245
Author(s):  
Ammar Hameed Madi ◽  
Jawad A. Kamal Al-Shibani
Keyword(s):  
Cucurbita Pepo ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Flowering Stage ◽  
College Of Agriculture ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Loam Soil ◽  
Four Levels

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of bacterial bio-fertilization A. chroococcum and P. putide and four levels of compost (0, 1, 2, 3) tons.h-1 on the leaves content of N.P.K elements. The experiment was carried out in one of the greenhouses of the College of Agriculture - University of Al-Qadisiyah during fall season 2018-2019. It designed in accordance with the Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replicates in sandy loam soil. The means of treatments were compared with the least significant difference (LSD) at (5)% probability level. The results present that the treatments of A. chroococcum, P. putide and compost at (3) tons.kg-1 significantly increases the leaves content of K.P.K compared to all other treatments in the flowering stage (4.970, 0.5000, and 4.930) mg.kg-1, respectively. This treatment was followed by the effect of the treatment of A. chroococcum and compost at (3) tons.kg-1, which increases the values of all traits except the leaf content of (P). Bio-fertilizer with P. putide + A. chroococcum significantly increases the leaves' content of P.

Caracterização da Peneira Média em Clones de Coffea canephora

REVISTA FIMCA ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 28-31
Author(s):  
Darlan Darlan Sanches Barbosa Alves ◽  
Victor Mouzinho Spinelli ◽  
Marcos Santana Moraes ◽  
Carolina Augusto De Souza ◽  
Rodrigo da Silva Ribeiro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Improvement ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Coffea Canephora ◽  
Coffee Production ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Four Blocks ◽  
Selection Of

Introdução: O estado de Rondônia se destaca como tradicional produtor de café, sendo o segundo maior produtor brasileiro de C. canephora. No melhoramento genético de C. canephora, a seleção de plantas de elevada peneira média está associada à bebida de qualidade superior. Objetivos: O objetivo desse estudo foi avaliar a variabilidade genética de clones de C. canephora para o tamanho dos grãos, mensurado a partir da avaliação da peneira média (PM). Materiais e Métodos: Para isso, foi conduzido ao longo de dois anos agrícolas experimento no campo experimental da Embrapa no município de Ouro Preto do Oeste-RO, para a avaliação da peneira média de 130 genótipos (clones) com características das variedades botânicas Conilon, Robusta e híbridos intervarietais. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi de blocos ao acaso, com quatro repetições de quatro plantas por parcela. Resultados: Não houve resultados significativos para a interação clones X anos, indicando uma maior consistência no comportamento das plantas ao longo do tempo. Porém foram observadas diferenças significativas para o tamanho dos grãos entre os genótipos avaliados, possibilitando selecionar genótipos superiores. Conclusão: Os genótipos agruparam-se em cinco classes de acordo com o teste de média, subsidiando a caracterização de um gradiente de variabilidade da característica avaliada ABSTRACTIntroduction: Coffea canephora accounts for approximately 35% of the world's coffee production. The state of Rondônia stands out as a traditional coffee producer, being the second largest Brazilian producer of C. canephora. In the classical genetic improvement of C. anephora, the selection of plants of high average sieve is associated with a drink of superior quality. Objectives: The objective of this udy was to evaluate the genetic variability of Coffea canephora clones for the agronomic medium sieve (PM). Materials and Methods: The experiment was conducted in the experimental field of Embrapa, municipality of OuroPreto do Oeste-RO, located at coordinates 10º44'53 "S and 62º12'57". One hundred thirty genotypes (clones) of botanical characteristics Conilon, Robusta and intervarietal hybrids were evaluated in the agricultural years 2013-2014 and 2014-2015. The experimental design was a randomized block design with four blocks and four plants per plot, spacing 3.5 x 1.5 meters between plants. Results: Significant difference was found for the grain size. According to the F test, at 5% probability, the genotypes were grouped into five classes according to the mean test. Conclusion: The results obtained subsidized the characterization of a variability gradient of the evaluated trait.

Nitrogen Requirement of Potato for Eastern Indo-Gangatic Plain of India

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (03) ◽  
Author(s):  
S. K. YADAV ◽  
R. K. SINGH ◽  
V. K. DUA ◽  
S SINGH ◽  
SARALA YADAV ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tuber Yield ◽  
Potato Crop ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Nitrogen Level ◽  
Cost Ratio ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Net Benefit ◽  
Marketable Tuber ◽  
Benefit Cost Ratio ◽  
Significant Difference

A field experiment was carried out during 2015-16 and 2016-17 at ICAR-Central Potato Research Station, Patna, Bihar, in randomized block design with four replications with objective to quantity the optimum requirement of nitrogen to potato crop. Significantly the highest plant height was recorded with nitrogen level of 300 kg/ha. Distributions of the smallest size of tuber yield of potato were decreasing with increasing the level of nitrogen. There was about 26.0% more yield of the smallest size tuber of potato was recorded with zero nitrogen as compare to the highest level of nitrogen i.e. 300 kg/ha. Increasing the nitrogen over the level of 150 to 225 kg per hectare, increasing the yield of tuber gradually slower rate than nitrogen level from 0 to 150 kg/ha. Total and marketable tuber yield of potato were increasing significantly with increasing level of nitrogen up to 150 kg/ha. There was no significant difference in marketable tuber yield was found for nitrogen level between 150 and 225 kg/ha. Highest (1.66) net benefit cost ratio was also recorded with level of nitrogen @ 150 kg/ha in potato. Hence, application of nitrogen @ 150 kg/ha was found statistically and economically more beneficial for potato cultivation in Eastern Indo-Gangatic plain of India.

scholarly journals Hide-and-Seek with Tiny Neotenic Beetles in One of the Hottest Biodiversity Hotspots: Towards an Understanding of the Real Diversity of Jurasaidae (Coleoptera: Elateroidea) in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest

Biology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 420
Author(s):  
Gabriel Biffi ◽  
Simone Policena Rosa ◽  
Robin Kundrata
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Forest ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Transitional Zone ◽  
Biodiversity Hotspot ◽  
Biodiversity Hotspots ◽  
Brazilian Atlantic Forest ◽  
Life Stages ◽  
Adult Males ◽  
Undescribed Species ◽  
First Time

Jurasaidae are a family of neotenic elateroid beetles which was described recently from the Brazilian Atlantic Forest biodiversity hotspot based on three species in two genera. All life stages live in the soil, including the larviform females, and only adult males are able to fly. Here, we report the discovery of two new species, Jurasai miraculum sp. nov. and J. vanini sp. nov., and a new, morphologically remarkable population of J. digitusdei Rosa et al., 2020. Our discovery sheds further light on the diversity and biogeography of the group. Most species of Jurasaidae are known from the rainforest remnants of the Atlantic Forest, but here for the first time we report a jurasaid species from the relatively drier Atlantic Forest/Caatinga transitional zone. Considering our recent findings, minute body size and cryptic lifestyle of all jurasaids, together with potentially high numbers of yet undescribed species of this family from the Atlantic Forest and possibly also other surrounding ecoregions, we call for both field research in potentially suitable localities as well as for a detailed investigation of a massive amount of already collected but still unprocessed materials deposited in a number of Brazilian institutes, laboratories and collections.

scholarly journals Review of the Japanese records of an endangered grouper, Epinephelus tukula, with comments on its population status (Teleostei, Serranidae)

ZooKeys ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 772 ◽  
pp. 153-163 ◽  
Author(s):  
Atsunobu Murase ◽  
Ryohei Miki ◽  
Masaaki Wada ◽  
Masahide Itou ◽  
Hiroyuki Motomura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Distribution Pattern ◽  
Continuous Distribution ◽  
Kuroshio Current ◽  
Red List ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Ryukyu Islands ◽  
Population Status ◽  
Warm Current ◽  
Japanese Waters ◽  
The Kuroshio

The Potato Grouper, Epinephelustukula, is relatively rare worldwide. Records from the northernmost part of its range (Japan) have been few, resulting in a “Critically Endangered” listing on the Red List for Japan. The Japanese records were revised by examining literature, new specimens, photographs, and the internet, and a continuous distribution pattern from the tropical Ryukyu Islands (including adult individuals) to temperate regions affected by the Kuroshio Current were delineated; this suggests the species inhabits tropical Japan and can spread to temperate regions via the warm current. The species possibly reproduces in Japanese waters but further reproductive ecology research is required.

Distribution pattern of heavy minerals assemblages in recent sediments of Lesser Zab River Basin (LZRB), NE Iraq

2021 ◽  
Vol 80 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Younus I. Al-Saady ◽  
Manal M. Al-Obaydi ◽  
Arsalan Ahmed Othman ◽  
Syed E. Hasan
Keyword(s):  
Distribution Pattern ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Heavy Minerals ◽  
Recent Sediments

The Effect of Stem Segment Cuttings of Robusta Coffee (Coffea canephora) on Growth of Root and Leaf Sprout

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-34
Author(s):  
Bistok Hasiholan Simanjuntak ◽  
Devi Kusuma Wardani
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Growth ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Experimental Treatment ◽  
Coffea Canephora ◽  
Stem Segment ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Robusta Coffee ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Honestly Significant Difference ◽  
Significant Difference

Robusta coffee plant propagation is recommended to be performed by vegetative methods, one of which is cuttings. Among plant organs that can be used for cuttings is the stem. The research objective was to determine which stem segment from cuttings was able to provide the best root and leaf growth. The layout study used a completely randomized block design (RBD) with an experimental treatment consisting of five stem segments, namely (1) the first stem segment from the upper shoot (A); (2) the second stem segment from the upper shoot (B); (3) the third stem segment from the upper shoot (C); (4) the fourth stem segment from the upper shoot (D); and (5) the fifth stem segment from the upper shoot (E); each treatment had five replications. Data analysis was performed statistically with analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey's HSD (honestly significant difference) test with a significance level of P < 0.05. Robusta coffee cuttings stems from the second stem segment from the upper shoot were able to provide the optimal root growth (root length) and shoot growth (leaf sprout height and leaf sprout growth rate). Leaf sprout number derived from the cuttings was not affected by the stem segment.

Harvesting and Threshing Methods on Seed Quality of Dhaincha (Sesbania aculeata)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Masilamani ◽  
T. Eevera ◽  
T. Ramesh ◽  
S. Venkatesan
Keyword(s):  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Mechanical Damage ◽  
Shoot Length ◽  
Seedling Vigour ◽  
Root And Shoot Length ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Combine Harvester ◽  
The Impact

Background: The present investigation is an attempt to study the effect of different harvesting and threshing methods on germination and seedling vigour of dhaincha. The use of a combine harvester to harvest dhaincha will be an effective alternative method that has not been widely tried. However, work on different methods of harvesting and threshing of dhaincha is limited. Hence, a study was conducted to evaluate the impact of various harvesting and threshing methods on germination and seedling vigour of dhaincha. Methods: This study was conducted at Anbil Dharmalingam Agricultural College and Research Institute, TNAU, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu. The dhaincha crop was harvested and threshed using four different methods viz., manual harvesting and manual threshing, manual harvesting and threshing by tractor treading, manual harvesting and mechanical threshing and harvesting and threshing by combine harvester. The resultant seeds were tested for mechanical damage and germination potential. The experiment was laid in completely randomized block design. Germination was tested by roll towel method using 100 seeds in four replications. Germination percentage, root and shoot length were measured in seven days after sowing from ten randomly selected seedlings in each replication. For the estimation of dry matter production, ten seedlings were selected at random and kept in a hot air oven maintained at 85oC for 24 hours after measuring their root and shoot length and vigour index was calculated. Mechanical damage to seeds was observed by ferric chloride test. Seed recovery per cent was calculated based on the 100 kgs of dhaincha seeds were cleaned and graded treatment wise using cleaner cum grader and the seeds retained on the bottom sieve were weighed and expressed as per cent of total quantity of seed. Result: The results revealed that the significant difference was found among the different harvesting and threshing methods. The seeds harvested and threshed by manual method recorded 85 per cent germination followed by seeds harvested manually and threshed by mechanical threshing (84 per cent) and seeds harvested manually and threshed by tractor treading (80.5 per cent). The lowest germination of 80.0 per cent was recorded by combine harvesting. From this study, it could be inferred that combine harvester is a modern method for harvesting of dhaincha that saves time and labour when compared to all other methods.

scholarly journals Water-dispersible clay in soils treated with sewage sludge

2010 ◽  
Vol 34 (5) ◽  
pp. 1527-1534 ◽  
Author(s):  
João Tavares Filho ◽  
Graziela Moraes de Césare Barbosa ◽  
Adriana Aparecida Ribon
Keyword(s):  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Clay Fraction ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Point Of Zero Charge ◽  
Native Forest ◽  
Water Dispersible ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Dispersible Clay

A by-product of Wastewater Treatment Stations is sewage sludge. By treatment and processing, the sludge is made suitable for rational and environmentally safe use in agriculture. The aim of this study was to assess the influence of different doses of limed sewage sludge (50 %) on clay dispersion in soil samples with different textures (clayey and medium). The study was conducted with soil samples collected from native forest, on a Red Latosol (Brazilian classification: Latossolo Vermelho distroférrico) loamy soil in Londrina (PR) and a Red-Yellow Latosol (BC: Latossolo Vermelho-Amarelo distrófico) medium texture soil in Jaguapitã (PR). Pots were filled with 3 kg of air-dried fine earth and kept in greenhouse. The experiment was arranged in a randomized block design with six treatments: T1 control, and treatments with limed sewage sludge (50 %) as follows: T2 (3 t ha-1), T3 (6 t ha-1), T4 (12 t ha-1), T5 (24 t ha-1) and T6 (48 t ha-1) and five replications. The incubation time was 180 days. At the end of this period, the pots were opened and two sub-samples per treatment collected to determine pH-H2O, pH KCl (1 mol L-1), organic matter content, water-dispersible clay, ΔpH (pH KCl - pH-H2O) and estimated PZC (point of zero charge): PZC = 2 pH KCl - pH-H2O, as well as the mineralogy of the clay fraction, determined by X ray diffraction. The results showed no significant difference in the average values for water-dispersible clay between the control and the other treatments for the two soil samples studied and ΔpH was the variable that correlated best with water-dispersible clay in both soils.

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