scholarly journals Variations of Dermatological Findings in New-Borns of a Community Hospital in Nepal

2018 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 261-266
Author(s):  
Asim Shrestha ◽  
Smriti Shrestha
Keyword(s):  
Community Hospital ◽  
Skin Lesions ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Melanocytic Nevus ◽  
Congenital Melanocytic Nevus ◽  
Term Pregnancy ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Skin Changes ◽  
Caesarean Section Delivery ◽  
Mongolian Spot

Introduction: Skin manifestations are common in neonates. The prevalence of skin changes and their association with neonatal and maternal factors are not adequately documented in Nepal. It is important to differentiate common benign skin lesions from infrequent skin changes that cause morbidity, requiring medical management. The objectives of this study were to determine the pattern of skin lesions in new-borns and their association with maternal and neonatal variables.Material and Methods: This was a prospective, cross-sectional study conducted in obstetric unit of the hospital from December 2016 to May 2017. Outborn babies and babies shifted to NICU were excluded.Results: A total of 935 new-borns were examined. The commonest skin lesions were Mongolian spot (66.7%), Erythema toxicum (46.6%), Milia (44.4%), Epstein pearls (26.4%) and Salmon patch (11.9%). Mothers aged 35 years or older (63.6%) had statistically significant association with Erythema toxicum (p=0.01). Erythema toxicum was more in primiparity, term pregnancy and caesarean section delivery. Milia was associated with male babies. Salmon patch was seen more in term pregnancy. Congenital melanocytic nevus, haemangioma and port-wine stain were noted in three, two and one new-borns respectively, which alter morbidity and hence are important to diagnose in time.Conclusion: We found that 93.8% of neonates had at one or more skin lesions. The majority of skin lesions were benign and transient. Erythema toxicum was seen commonly in mothers aged 35 and more. Salmon patch was seen more in term pregnancy.  

Suppurative Infections in Hospitalized Patients – An Ongoing MRSA Threat

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sadaf Razzak
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Medical Science ◽  
Great Influence ◽  
Antibiotic Sensitivity ◽  
Skin Lesions ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Inducible Clindamycin Resistance ◽  
Empiric Antibiotic ◽  
Medical Wards

Background: Penicillin resistance among Staphylococcus aureus commonly encountered in the hospital admitted patients. Detection of antibiotic sensitivity in hospital acquired methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus infections is important as it has great influence on empiric antibiotic prescription, successful control of infection, prevention of spread of disease and successful patient management. This study aimed to detect the frequency of HA-MRSA from pus samples in a hospital setup with assessment of their antibiotic susceptibility patterns. Method: A cross-sectional study was conducted in the Microbiology department of Basic Medical Science Institute, JPMC, Karachi from January 2015 until December 2015. Pus samples from surgical site wounds, skin lesions, abscesses from surgical and medical wards and ICUs were collected. According to the standards given by CLSI 2014, MRSA testing of the samples was done and susceptibility testing for antibiotics was performed. Inducible clindamycin resistance was detected by D-Test; E Test. determined MIC (minimum inhibitory concentration) for vancomycin. The data was analyzed by SPSS version 16. Result: Out of the 149 MRSA identified from the pus samples, 106 (71.14%) samples were HA-MRSA. The number of male patients was more than the female patients (67.66%). Out of the 106 HA-MRSA, 91(85.8%) were sensitive to TMP/SMX, 98(92.5%) to rifampicin, 12(11.6%) to gentamicin, 85(80.2%) to tetracycline, 11(10.4%) to erythromycin, 37(34.9%) to clindamycin, 20(18.9%) to ciprofloxacin, 106 (100%) to both vancomycin and linezolid. Conclusion: HA-MRSA showed sensitivity to TMP/SMX and vancomycin making them effective drugs to use in combination in superficial infections. The drug linezolid also showed 100% sensitivity.

THE PREVALENCE OF HYPERTENSION IN DIABETIC AND NON-DIABETIC STROKE PATIENTS IN COMMUNITY HOSPITAL OF DISTRICT SWAT, PAKISTAN

1969 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 187-191
Author(s):  
Sahibzada Saeed Jan ◽  
Taj Muhammad Khan ◽  
Alamzeb ◽  
Izaz-urrahman ◽  
Amanullah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Community Hospital ◽  
Macrovascular Disease ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Elevated Blood ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hospital District

Background: As hypertension is the most important risk factor for stroke, it is generally considered to beasymptomatic condition and require lifetime therapy which may include chemotherapy and lifestylechanges. Hypertension also clearly contributes to the risk of macrovascular disease in patients with type-IIdiabetes mellitus. Therefore, the present study was conducted to evaluate the prevalence of hypertension indiabetic and non-diabetic stroke patients in community hospital district Swat. Methodology: This was a cross-sectional study, comprised of 100 subjects, 50 were diabetic and 50 werenon-diabetic stroke patients of ages between 28 to 90 years. The blood sugar (random and fasting), bloodpressure (systolic and diastolic) of Diabetic stroke subjects were compared with Non-diabetic strokesubjects. Results: The prevalence of hypertension was significantly high in diabetic stroke subject as compared tonon-diabetic stroke subjects. Conclusion: Diabetic patients with persistently elevated blood pressure are more prone to develop stroke ascompared to non diabetic with hypertension KEYWORDS:Stroke, Diabetes mellitus, hypertension.

scholarly journals Dermoscopy and Trichoscopy in Dermatomyositis—A Cross-Sectional Study

2022 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 375
Author(s):  
Magdalena Żychowska ◽  
Adam Reich
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Technique ◽  
Skin Lesions ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cutaneous Lesions ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Cutaneous Manifestations ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Inflammatory Dermatoses ◽  
Curved Vessels ◽  
Established Role

Background: (Video)dermoscopy is a non-invasive diagnostic technique that has a well-established role in dermatooncology. In recent years, this method has also been increasingly used in the assessment of inflammatory dermatoses. So far, little is known about the (video)dermoscopic features of dermatomyositis (DM). Methods: Consecutive patients with DM were included in the study and videodermoscopic assessments of the nailfolds, scalp, and active skin lesions were performed. Results: Fifteen patients with DM (10 women and 5 men) were included. Capillaroscopy showed elongated capillaries (90.9%), avascular areas (81.8%), disorganized vessel architecture (81.8%), tortuous capillaries (72.7%), dilated capillaries (72.7%), and hemorrhages (72.7%). The trichoscopic findings included linear branched vessels (80.0%), linear vessels (60.0%), linear curved vessels (53.3%), perifollicular pigmentation (40.0%), perifollicular erythema (33.3%), scaling (20.0%), white (20.0%) or yellow (20%) interfollicular scales, and white (20.0%) or pinkish (13.3%) structureless areas. Polymorphic vessels of an unspecific distribution and white or pink structureless areas were frequently observed under dermoscopy in cutaneous manifestations of DM, including Gottron’s papules and Gottron’s sign. Conclusions: Dermoscopy of the nailfolds (capillaroscopy), scalp (tricoscopy), and active cutaneous lesions may be of value in the preliminary diagnosis of DM.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Teenage Pregnancy in A Community Hospital of Rural Nepal: A Cross-Sectional Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 57 (217) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muna Maharjan ◽  
Niresh Thapa ◽  
Narayani Maharjan ◽  
Pabita Rai ◽  
Prakash Pun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Teenage Pregnancy ◽  
Community Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Premature Delivery ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Institutional Review ◽  
Rural Nepal

Introduction: Teenage pregnancy is a public health concern. Maternal and neonatal health outcomesare negatively impacted in teenage pregnancy. The objective of the study is to find the prevalence ofteenage pregnancy in a community hospital of rural Nepal. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted at Okhaldhunga Community Hospital,Okhaldhunga, Nepal. Ethical approval was taken from the Institutional Review Committee of thehospital. Data were retrieved from July 2007 to July 2017 from the hospital record books. The total of7054 records of deliveries were reviewed from the hospital records and whole sampling was done.Subgroup analysis was done on basis of age, ethnicity, gravida, para, period of gestation, mode ofdelivery, maternal or neonatal complications and birth weight. Datas were entered and analyzedusing Microsoft Excel. Results: The total of 7054 deliveries were conducted in ten years among which 2050 (29.06%) wereteenage deliveries at the confidence interval of 95% (28.52% - 29.06%). The highest percentage ofteenage delivery was found among Janajati ethnicity of 1056 (53.3%). Amongst teenage delivery, asignificant tear was found in 157 (7.9%) as a maternal complication. Perinatal deaths were found in27 (1.4%). The cesarean section rate was 839 (11.9%) among all deliveries. Conclusions: The trend of teenage pregnancy remains almost same over ten years in theOkhaldhunga Community Hospital. The overall prevalence of teenage delivery is higher than thenational figure. Low birth weight babies, premature delivery, perineal and cervical tears were thecommon complications. Further health education and awareness programs might help to reduce theteenage pregnancy rate.

scholarly journals An Observational Cross-Sectional Study of the Proportion of Cutaneous Lesions Affecting External Ear, Presenting to Outpatient Clinic of a Tertiary Care Medical College in the Eastern Part of India

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (19) ◽  
pp. 1414-1419
Author(s):  
Kanishka Chowdhury ◽  
Sabyasachi Banerjee
Keyword(s):  
Seborrheic Dermatitis ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Skin Lesions ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Outpatient Department ◽  
Basic Knowledge ◽  
External Ear ◽  
Cutaneous Lesions ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College

BACKGROUND Cutaneous lesions of external ear are quite common in clinical practice. Patients often present with various cutaneous lesions of the external ear to various disciplines. They are often underdiagnosed as many lesions, though commonly diagnosed by our dermatologist colleague are missed by other clinicians. These lesions can be classified in various ways, according to the aetiology, and according to the anatomic sites. In the present study, we tried to assess the prevalence of different skin lesions affecting external ear presenting to an ENT and skin outpatient department of a tertiary care medical college in Eastern part of India. METHODS This is a descriptive observational study, cross sectional in design. 240 patients attended the outpatient department with cutaneous lesions affecting external ear from January 2019 to February 2020. The patients presenting in both ENT and skin outpatient department were chosen randomly. Cases were diagnosed based on history and clinical examination and appropriate investigation as required. All cases were categorised into 5 types (infective, inflammatory, autoimmune, neoplasm & naevi, and reactive & reparative) according to the aetiology. In each category, prevalence of various skin lesions was recorded. RESULTS A total number of 240 cases were detected during the study period. Among them, infective 43.33 %, inflammatory 30.83 %, autoimmune 9.17 %, neoplasm & naevi 4.17 % and reactive & reparative were 12.82 %. Taenia was the most common lesions encountered (20.51 %) followed by keloid (12.5 %). Impetigo and seborrheic dermatitis shared same number of cases (9.4 %). Neoplastic lesions were the least common. CONCLUSIONS With some awareness and basic knowledge, many of the cutaneous lesions of external ear can be diagnosed and treated whenever patients report to a clinician, thus saving valuable time, effort and money of the patient. KEYWORDS Cutaneous Lesions, Skin Lesions, External Ear

Investigation of serum substance P status in patients with chronic pruritic skin lesions due to sulfur mustard: a cross-sectional study

2012 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 4-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yunes Panahi ◽  
Elham Sadat Taherzadeh ◽  
Seyed Masoud Davoudi ◽  
Amirhossein Sahebkar ◽  
Reza Ranjbar
Keyword(s):  
Substance P ◽  
Sulfur Mustard ◽  
Skin Lesions ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Pruritic Skin

scholarly journals Repeat Colonoscopy within 6 Months after Initial Outpatient Colonoscopy in Ontario: A Population-Based Cross-Sectional Study

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lawrence Paszat ◽  
Rinku Sutradhar ◽  
Nancy N. Baxter ◽  
Jill Tinmouth ◽  
Linda Rabeneck
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Setting ◽  
Community Hospital ◽  
Estimating Equation ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Generalized Estimating Equation ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Index Procedure ◽  
Repeat Colonoscopy

Background. The goal of this study is to examine utilization of early repeat colonoscopy ≤ 6 months after an index procedure. Methods. We identified persons having repeat colonoscopy ≤ 6 months following outpatient colonoscopy without prior colonoscopy ≤ 5 years or prior diagnosis of colorectal cancer (CRC). We modeled repeat colonoscopy using a generalized estimating equation with an exchangeable correlation structure to account for clustering of patients by endoscopist. Results. The population included 334,663 persons, 7,892 (2.36%) of whom had an early repeat colonoscopy within 6 months. Overall, endoscopist prior year colonoscopy volume was inversely related to repeat ≤ 6 months. Repeat colonoscopy ≤ 6 months varied by the clinical setting of the index colonoscopy (adjusted OR = 1.41 (95% CI 1.29–1.55)) at nonhospital facilities compared to teaching or community hospitals. Among those who had polypectomy or biopsy, the adjusted OR for early repeat ≤ 6 months was elevated among those whose index colonoscopy was at a nonhospital facility (OR 1.44, 95% CI 1.30–1.60), compared to those at a teaching hospital or community hospital. Conclusions. Repeat colonoscopy ≤ 6 months after an index procedure is associated with the clinical setting of the index colonoscopy.

scholarly journals Prevalence and distribution of dermatophytosis lesions on cattle in Plateau State, Nigeria

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 1484-1490 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. S. Dalis ◽  
H. M. Kazeem ◽  
J. K. P. Kwaga ◽  
C. N. Kwanashie
Keyword(s):  
Management Practice ◽  
Trichophyton Mentagrophytes ◽  
Skin Lesions ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Direct Microscopic Examination ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Health Significance ◽  
Plateau State

Background and Aim: Dermatophytosis is an infection of the superficial, keratinized structures of the skin, nails, and hair of man and animals caused by a group of fungi called dermatophytes in the genera Trichophyton, Microsporum, and Epidermophyton. The prevalence of dermatophytosis among cattle in Nigeria and Plateau State, in particular, is yet to be fully determined. This study aimed to determine the prevalence and the distribution of dermatophytosis lesions on cattle in Plateau State, Nigeria. Materials and Methods: Four hundred and thirty-seven cattle showing visible skin lesions suggestive of dermatophytosis were drawn from nine local government areas (three each) from the three senatorial districts of Plateau State, Nigeria. Skin scrapings were aseptically collected using a cross-sectional study, in which sampling units were selected using purposive sampling method. Samples were processed for both direct microscopic examination and isolation of dermatophytes in culture. The isolates were stained with lactophenol cotton blue and identified microscopically based on the size, shape, and arrangement of macro- and micro-conidia. The dermatophytes were further identified by determining the sequences of the internal transcribed spacer regions of their ribosomal DNA. Data were analyzed and presented as percentages, bar graph, and Chi-square test of association. p≤0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: The overall prevalence rate of bovine dermatophytosis in Plateau State was found to be 11.0%. Trichophyton verrucosum was more frequently isolated (54.2%) than Trichophyton mentagrophytes (45.8%). Age, breed, management practice, and season were significantly associated with the occurrence of the disease (p<0.05). Conclusion: Dermatophytosis among cattle may be of public health significance in Plateau State, Nigeria. This is the first report on the prevalence and distribution of dermatophytosis lesions on cattle from Plateau State, Nigeria.

scholarly journals Epidemiological Survey, Molecular Detection and Risk Factors of Camel ORF Virus in Arero District, Ethiopia

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bareda Diba ◽  
Birhanu Ayele Shigute ◽  
Benti Deresa Gelalcha ◽  
Bedane Adane ◽  
Paul J. Plummer
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Skin Lesions ◽  
Epidemiological Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Orf Virus ◽  
Molecular Technique ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Clinical Appearance ◽  
B2l Gene ◽  
Causative Agents

Abstract Background: While camels (dromedaries) were traditionally believed to be resistant to mostlivestock diseases, research has demonstrated that they are susceptible to a large number ofinfectious agents. Based on the clinical appearance of typical lesions, Camel contagiousecthyma (CCE), caused by a Orf virus, is thought to be one of the most common viraldiseases of camelids in Ethiopia. However, the epidemiology of the disease has not beenformally described and the causative agent has never been molecularly confirmed.Methods: a cross-sectional study was conducted from November 2013 to April 2014 inArero district of Borena Zone, to assess morbidity and mortality rates of the of diseaseconsistent with CCE, isolate and molecularly identify the causative agents and to find out thepotential risk factors. Molecular technique, namely, PCR based on B2L gene-specific primers ofORFV was used for the confirmatory diagnosis of CCE virus from the skin lesions.Results: Majority (86.8%) of the respondents indicated occurrence of CCE outbreaks in theirherds in the past one year (a year preceding the start of the study). The overall morbidity andmortality rates attributed to CCE was 43.6% (95 % CI: 41.2%–46%) and 6.3% (95 % CI: 5.2–7.6%) respectively. Confirmatory diagnosis of the suspected Orf virus isolates usingconventional PCR techniques generated the expected amplification product of 1200bp for oneof the samples. No product was amplified from the DNA samples of the negative control.This study showed that young camels (calves) had higher odds of becoming affected by CCEthan adults [OR=3.44 (95 % CI: 2.29 –4.09); (p<0.05)]. The disease had marked seasonalitywith most of the cases occurring during rainy season. Acacia trees significantly contribute tovirus dissemination through damaging the lips of browsing camels.Conclusions: This study confirms the presence and importance of CCE in Ethiopia andestablishes the basis for further research.

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