scholarly journals Dermoscopy and Trichoscopy in Dermatomyositis—A Cross-Sectional Study

2022 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 375
Author(s):  
Magdalena Żychowska ◽  
Adam Reich

Background: (Video)dermoscopy is a non-invasive diagnostic technique that has a well-established role in dermatooncology. In recent years, this method has also been increasingly used in the assessment of inflammatory dermatoses. So far, little is known about the (video)dermoscopic features of dermatomyositis (DM). Methods: Consecutive patients with DM were included in the study and videodermoscopic assessments of the nailfolds, scalp, and active skin lesions were performed. Results: Fifteen patients with DM (10 women and 5 men) were included. Capillaroscopy showed elongated capillaries (90.9%), avascular areas (81.8%), disorganized vessel architecture (81.8%), tortuous capillaries (72.7%), dilated capillaries (72.7%), and hemorrhages (72.7%). The trichoscopic findings included linear branched vessels (80.0%), linear vessels (60.0%), linear curved vessels (53.3%), perifollicular pigmentation (40.0%), perifollicular erythema (33.3%), scaling (20.0%), white (20.0%) or yellow (20%) interfollicular scales, and white (20.0%) or pinkish (13.3%) structureless areas. Polymorphic vessels of an unspecific distribution and white or pink structureless areas were frequently observed under dermoscopy in cutaneous manifestations of DM, including Gottron’s papules and Gottron’s sign. Conclusions: Dermoscopy of the nailfolds (capillaroscopy), scalp (tricoscopy), and active cutaneous lesions may be of value in the preliminary diagnosis of DM.

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Hossein Firouzi ◽  
Iman Jalalimehr ◽  
Zahra Ostadi ◽  
Siavash Rahimi

Cutaneous lesions are common in the neonatal period and mostly physiological, transient, and self-limited; uncommonly, they are pathological and require treatment and cooperation between neonatologists and dermatologists. Particular conditions, like prematurity, can influence the onset, type, and evolution of cutaneous manifestations. Of the several articles in the literature about skin findings in newborns, only a few were performed in Iran. We aimed to investigate dermatological findings in a sample of neonates within the first three days of life and to evaluate the association between skin lesions and neonatal- or maternal-related variables. A total of 1202 newborns, hospitalized in the Department of Pediatrics of Imam Sajjad Hospital of Ramsar and Shahid Rajaee Hospital of Tonekabon, Iran, for two years, were examined. All skin findings were recorded, and information on neonatal and maternal variables was collected and analyzed to detect statistically significant associations. Skin lesions were present in 958 newborns (79.8%). The prevalence of milia, erythema toxicum, salmon patch, and Mongolian spots were 45.2%, 43%, 37.3%, and 37%, respectively. Natural vaginal delivery, use of medication, term gestation, and maternal disease were associated with a higher incidence of cutaneous lesions in neonates. Milia, erythema toxicum, Mongolian spots, and genital hyperpigmentation were seen more frequently in the male gender. Conversely, skin desquamation was seen more frequently in females. Among maternal diseases, gestational diabetes mellitus, urinary tract infection, preeclampsia, hypertension, psychiatric disorders, and uterine infection were associated with a higher prevalence of cutaneous lesions. Neonatal cutaneous lesions are a common source of concern in parents and inexperienced physicians. Therefore, prompt recognition of neonatal cutaneous lesions is essential in order to avoid unnecessary diagnostic and therapeutic procedures.


2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (19) ◽  
pp. 1414-1419
Author(s):  
Kanishka Chowdhury ◽  
Sabyasachi Banerjee

BACKGROUND Cutaneous lesions of external ear are quite common in clinical practice. Patients often present with various cutaneous lesions of the external ear to various disciplines. They are often underdiagnosed as many lesions, though commonly diagnosed by our dermatologist colleague are missed by other clinicians. These lesions can be classified in various ways, according to the aetiology, and according to the anatomic sites. In the present study, we tried to assess the prevalence of different skin lesions affecting external ear presenting to an ENT and skin outpatient department of a tertiary care medical college in Eastern part of India. METHODS This is a descriptive observational study, cross sectional in design. 240 patients attended the outpatient department with cutaneous lesions affecting external ear from January 2019 to February 2020. The patients presenting in both ENT and skin outpatient department were chosen randomly. Cases were diagnosed based on history and clinical examination and appropriate investigation as required. All cases were categorised into 5 types (infective, inflammatory, autoimmune, neoplasm & naevi, and reactive & reparative) according to the aetiology. In each category, prevalence of various skin lesions was recorded. RESULTS A total number of 240 cases were detected during the study period. Among them, infective 43.33 %, inflammatory 30.83 %, autoimmune 9.17 %, neoplasm & naevi 4.17 % and reactive & reparative were 12.82 %. Taenia was the most common lesions encountered (20.51 %) followed by keloid (12.5 %). Impetigo and seborrheic dermatitis shared same number of cases (9.4 %). Neoplastic lesions were the least common. CONCLUSIONS With some awareness and basic knowledge, many of the cutaneous lesions of external ear can be diagnosed and treated whenever patients report to a clinician, thus saving valuable time, effort and money of the patient. KEYWORDS Cutaneous Lesions, Skin Lesions, External Ear


2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (B) ◽  
pp. 1085-1091
Author(s):  
Anfal L. Al-Harbawi ◽  
Qasim S. Al Chalabi ◽  
Hala N. Alsalman ◽  
Mohammad S. Saeed

Background: Coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) is a growing pandemic around the globe that was initially discovered in Wuhan in December 2019. Despite the relatively high incidence of cutaneous manifestations in COVID-19, their role in early recognition and disease progression has not been fully investigated. Aim of this study: To report the possible incidence of the cutaneous lesion in COVID 19 patients and to describe various cutaneous manifestations and their correlation with other clinical features in Covid-19 positive patients to facilitate diagnosis and prognostications toward this virus. Methods: This research was conducted as a cross-sectional study. Skin lesions photography and their analysis were collected by dermatologists from 18 cities in Iraq between September 2020 to January 2021. The data were processed using statistical package SPSS version 23. Results: A total of 3117 confirmed COVID-19 cases were included in this study. Around 268 patients developed skin lesions with age ranged between 8 to 84 years. Of these skin lesions, 46.2% developed during the illness with minority erupting during the prodromal phase, whilst 38.8% appeared after hospitalization. The most common skin lesion was in the form of urticarial 36.74% followed by herpetic lesions 28.4%, maculopapular rash 11.74% and the remainder being candidiasis, oral thrush, chilblains, and other skin conditions. The most affected area was the torso (46%) followed by limbs, face, fingers, and toes. Conclusion: This study demonstrated the high incidence rate of dermatological lesions in different phases of COVID-19 with urticarial rash being the most frequent clinical pattern.  


Dermatology ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 235 (3) ◽  
pp. 243-249 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lorenzo Pelloni ◽  
Simone Cazzaniga ◽  
Luigi Naldi ◽  
Luca Borradori ◽  
Carlo Mainetti

Background/Aims: The spectrum of dermatological emergencies is broad. Only a few studies have assessed the profile of dermatological conditions resulting in an emergency visit in a referral hospital. We sought to assess the conditions prompting an urgent dermatological visit and to compare the diagnoses with those made during the regular scheduled encounters. Methods: We performed a cross-sectional study of all patients with a cutaneous problem attending our emergency consultation during a 7-month period. The study variables were gender, age, duration of symptoms, diagnosis, need for hospitalization and/or follow-up. We further evaluated patients attending scheduled visits to compare the demographic characteristics and diagnoses between the two groups. Results: Six hundred fifty-two consecutive patients with an urgent dermatological consultation were included. Three hundred sixty (55.2%) were women and 292 (44.8%) were men. Infectious diseases (32.8%) as well as various forms of eczema (24.8%) constituted the most frequent causes for an emergency visit. Approximately 40% of emergency visits took place more than 1 week after the development of the cutaneous manifestations. The most frequent disorders seen in the 1,738 control patients included benign melanocytic and nonmelanocytic tumors (27.2%) and malignant skin lesions (11.5%). Conclusions: Our study indicates that the dermatological diagnoses in the emergency visits significantly differ from those of the routinely scheduled appointments. In a significant portion of patients, the use of an emergency consultation was not justified. This study provides support to the idea that a specific training is required to manage dermatological emergencies and that efforts should be made to reduce unjustified emergency visit use.


Author(s):  
Prathyusha Dasari ◽  
Swetha A. Chowdary ◽  
Haritha Samanthula ◽  
Soumya Ruvva

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> COVID-19, initially started as respiratory illness and evolved to involve various systems. Skin has been the least targeted organ with manifestations limited to case reports and series in a foreign scenario. Here, we tried to understand a same in an Indian scenario.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> This was cross-sectional study done in district COVID centre among patients with a confirmed diagnosis of COVID-19 with cutaneous manifestations for 3 months. A detailed history, complete cutaneous examination was carried out. Timing in relation to other symptoms and severity was assessed.<strong></strong></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Among the 1603 patients, 39 (2.4%) had skin manifestations. Urticaria (20.5%), petechiae/purpura (17.9%), pruritis (15.4%) were the most common followed by maculo-papular rash (7.7%), manifestations secondary to drugs (7.7%), diffuse hair fall (7.7%), pseudo-chilblains (5.1%), vesicular eruptions (5.1%), infections (5.1%), cellulitis, gangrene and livedoid vasculitis. Timing of skin lesions ranged from 2 days before (10.3%) onset of COVID-19 symptoms or diagnosis to 10 days after (69.2%). Urticaria, petechiae, maculopapular rash were seen more commonly in patients with fever and respiratory symptoms. Asymptomatic cases showed urticaria, petechiae and pseudo-chilblains. Majority were in mild and moderate disease and livedoid vasculitis patient had severe disease.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Skin manifestations in COVID-19 are relatively uncommon in Indian scenario. However, few of the manifestations give a hint of infection while some correlate with the severity of disease.</p>


2016 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 121-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
AKM Rejaul Haque ◽  
ASM Zakaria ◽  
Abida Sultana ◽  
Md Rafiquzzaman Khan

Hematologic malignancies can present with various cutaneous manifestations. These include specific cutaneous diseases & non-specific cutaneous lesions. Non-specific skin lesions are more common in patients with hodgkins diseases. Generalized severe pruritus may precede other findings of Hodgkins disease by many months . So an evaluation for underlying lymphoma should be considered in patient with severe itching. Leukemia cutis (specific skin lesions of Leukemia) most commonly occurs concomitant with or following the diagnosis of leukemia. The skin may also be the site of relapse of leukemia after chemotherapy. Uncommonly leukemia cutis may be identified while the bone marrow & peripheral blood are normal. Those patients are classified as aleukemic leukemia cutis. This cross sectional observational study was carried out in the Hematology department of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University from January 2012 to January 2013 with the intention to know the prevalence of skin manifestations of hematologic malignancies & to help diagnose and manage hematologic malignancies in some extent. Total 127 consecutive patients who were already diagnosed as haematological malignancies & hospitalized were evaluated at the period of one year. Different types of cutaneous lesions were found in our study population, Infections were the highest number, 32(25.19%) patients suffering from various infections. Other findings includemalignant infiltration, 10(7.87%); hemorrhagic 121 lesions (petechia and ecchymosis), 17(13.38%); drug reaction, 5(3.93%); gingival hyperplasia, 3(2.36%); pruritus, 23(18.11%); pigmentation, 20(15.74%); prurigo, 8(6.29%) and ichthyosiform lesion, 19(14.96%).Bangladesh Med J. 2014 Sep; 43 (3): 121-124


2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 31-34
Author(s):  
Md Abdul Wahab ◽  
AKM Rejaul Haque ◽  
Md Rafiquzzaman Khan ◽  
Biswas Shaheen Hassan ◽  
Md Moksedur Rahman ◽  
...  

Leukemia and Lymphoma can present with various cutaneous manifestations. These include specific cutaneous diseases and non-specific cutaneous lesions. Non-specific skin lesions are more common in patients with Hodgkins diseases. Leukemia cutis (specific skin lesions of Leukemia) most commonly occurs concommitent with or following the diagnosis of leukemia. The skin may also be the site of relapse of Leukemia after chemotherapy. Uncommonly leukemia cutis may be identified while the bone marrow and peripheral blood are normal. Those patients are classified as aleukemic leukemia cutis. The objective of this study is to know the prevalence of skin manifestations of hematologic malignancies and to help the diagnosis and management of hematologic malignancies in some extent. It is a cross sectional observational study in which the skin lesions of the patients in hematologic malignancies who were already diagnosed & hospitalized in the hematology department of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University were evaluated in the period of one year. We found malignant infiltrative lesions & hemorrhagic findings both were predominate in leukemia. Infections were predominant in both Leukemia & Lymphoma. CBMJ 2015 July: Vol. 04 No. 02 P: 31-34


Author(s):  
Sadaf Razzak

Background: Penicillin resistance among Staphylococcus aureus commonly encountered in the hospital admitted patients. Detection of antibiotic sensitivity in hospital acquired methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus infections is important as it has great influence on empiric antibiotic prescription, successful control of infection, prevention of spread of disease and successful patient management. This study aimed to detect the frequency of HA-MRSA from pus samples in a hospital setup with assessment of their antibiotic susceptibility patterns. Method: A cross-sectional study was conducted in the Microbiology department of Basic Medical Science Institute, JPMC, Karachi from January 2015 until December 2015. Pus samples from surgical site wounds, skin lesions, abscesses from surgical and medical wards and ICUs were collected. According to the standards given by CLSI 2014, MRSA testing of the samples was done and susceptibility testing for antibiotics was performed. Inducible clindamycin resistance was detected by D-Test; E Test. determined MIC (minimum inhibitory concentration) for vancomycin. The data was analyzed by SPSS version 16. Result: Out of the 149 MRSA identified from the pus samples, 106 (71.14%) samples were HA-MRSA. The number of male patients was more than the female patients (67.66%). Out of the 106 HA-MRSA, 91(85.8%) were sensitive to TMP/SMX, 98(92.5%) to rifampicin, 12(11.6%) to gentamicin, 85(80.2%) to tetracycline, 11(10.4%) to erythromycin, 37(34.9%) to clindamycin, 20(18.9%) to ciprofloxacin, 106 (100%) to both vancomycin and linezolid. Conclusion: HA-MRSA showed sensitivity to TMP/SMX and vancomycin making them effective drugs to use in combination in superficial infections. The drug linezolid also showed 100% sensitivity.


2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 2050313X2199719
Author(s):  
Juan Carlos Palomo-Pérez ◽  
Maria Elisa Vega-Memije ◽  
David Aguilar-Blancas ◽  
Erik González-Martínez ◽  
Lucia Rangel-Gamboa

China officially recognized atypical pneumonia outbreak in December 2019; on 11 March 2020, the World Health Organization declared COVID-19 as a pandemic that is produced by a new coronavirus, named SARS-CoV-2, of rapid transmissibility, which can be asymptomatic, with mild to severe respiratory symptoms, and with cardiovascular, neurological, gastrointestinal, and cutaneous complications. Considering that the pandemic prolonged more than initially expected was prognostic, it is essential for the medical community to identify the signs and symptoms of COVID-19. Thus, this work’s objectives were to present cases of cutaneous lesions observed in COVID-19 Mexican patients. We register cutaneous lesions in COVID-19 patients referred from internal medicine and otorhinolaryngology services to dermatology. We presented four interesting cases with cutaneous lesions, including exanthema morbilliform, urticaria, chilblains, ecchymosis, and facial edema, and review the available literature. The most frequent cutaneous markers are rash, chilblains, and urticaria. Skin lesions may be the first manifestation of COVID-19, accompany initial respiratory symptoms, or appear during the disease course. Symptoms associated with vascular changes (livedo reticularis and vasculitis) are considered of poor prognosis.


2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Michal Kulecki ◽  
Dariusz Naskret ◽  
Mikolaj Kaminski ◽  
Dominika Kasprzak ◽  
Pawel Lachowski ◽  
...  

AbstractThe non-dipping pattern is nighttime systolic blood pressure (SBP) fall of less than 10%. Several studies showed that the non-dipping pattern, increased mean platelet volume (MPV), and platelet distribution width (PDW) are associated with elevated cardiovascular risk. Hypertensives with the non-dipping pattern have higher MPV than the dippers but this relationship was never investigated among people with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). This study aimed to investigate the association between the central dipping pattern and platelet morphology in T1DM subjects. We measured the central and brachial blood pressure with a validated non-invasive brachial oscillometric device—Arteriograph 24—during twenty-four-hour analysis in T1DM subjects without diagnosed hypertension. The group was divided based on the central dipping pattern for the dippers and the non-dippers. From a total of 62 subjects (32 males) aged 30.1 (25.7–37) years with T1DM duration 15.0 (9.0–20) years, 36 were non-dippers. The non-dipper group had significantly higher MPV (MPV (10.8 [10.3–11.5] vs 10.4 [10.0–10.7] fl; p = 0.041) and PDW (13.2 [11.7–14.9] vs 12.3 [11.7–12.8] fl; p = 0.029) than dipper group. Multivariable logistic regression revealed that MPV (OR 3.74; 95% CI 1.48–9.45; p = 0.005) and PDW (OR 1.91; 95% CI 1.22–3.00; p = 0.005) were positively associated with central non-dipping pattern adjusting for age, sex, smoking status, daily insulin intake, and height. MPV and PDW are positively associated with the central non-dipping pattern among people with T1DM.


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