scholarly journals Relationship between body mass index and simple visual reaction time in students of a medical college of Nepal

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 14-18
Author(s):  
Neeti Bhat ◽  
Narayan Bahadur Mahotra ◽  
Lava Shrestha ◽  
Vibina Aryal ◽  
Nirmala Rayamajhi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Reaction Time ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
The Body ◽  
Visual Reaction Time ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Visual Reaction ◽  
The Central Nervous System

Introduction: Obesity is a chronic condition with an increase in adipose tissues. It is known to affect various systems of body including the central nervous system. Reaction time is a measure of the integrity of the central nervous system which is an integrated voluntary response to a stimulus that includes receiving and processing of stimulus, drawing inference, and generating a motor response. This study was conducted with the objective of finding a relationship between body mass index, a measure of obesity and simple visual reaction time. Materials and methods: This cross-sectional analytical study was conducted on 60 participants aged 18-25 years. The body mass index of participants was calculated using Quetelet’s index, calculated by weight in kilograms divided by square of height in meter. Deary-Liewald reaction time task software version 3.10 was used to analyze their simple visual reaction time. Correlation of reaction time and body mass index was assessed using Pearson’s correlation test. Results: A weak positive correlation (r= 0.17) was observed between body mass index and simple visual reaction time but the correlation coefficient was not statistically significant (p=0.19). Conclusions: Slower visual reaction time with an increase in body mass index was noted. But the findings of current study were inadequate to deduce if any linear relationship exists between simple visual reaction time and body mass index.

Influence of Body Mass Index on Visual Reaction Time: A Cross-sectional Analytical Study

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Choon Ngo ◽  
Hui Loh ◽  
Gee Choo ◽  
Rammiya Vellasamy ◽  
Mogaratnam Anparasan
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Reaction Time ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Analytical Study ◽  
Visual Reaction Time ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Visual Reaction

scholarly journals Visual Reaction Time: How it Relates to Body Mass Index, Dominant and Non-dominant Hand in Healthy Young Females

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 347-351
Author(s):  
Reena Kumari Jha ◽  
Samjhana Thapa ◽  
Roshan Kasti ◽  
Sumi Singh
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Reaction Time ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
The Body ◽  
Dominant Hand ◽  
Visual Reaction Time ◽  
Indirect Measure ◽  
Young Females ◽  
Visual Reaction

Reaction time is an indirect index of the processing speed of the central nervous system. It is affected by several factors including dominant and non-dominant hands and obesity. Obesity can be measured by body mass index. Thus, the aim of this study was to find out the relationship between body mass index, dominant and non-dominant hand with visual reaction time in healthy young females. A cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Physiology, among 89 females. The height and weight were recorded, and the body mass index was calculated. The subjects were divided into four groups, underweight, normal weight, overweight, and obese according to WHO criteria. Visual reaction time was measured using the ruler drop method in milliseconds. The data were analyzed by using the paired t-test and one-way ANOVA using the IBM Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 22. Out of 89 participants, 26 (29.21%) were underweight, 47 (52.80%) had normal weight, 12 (13.48%) and four (4.49%) were overweight and obese with mean reaction time in the dominant hand and non-dominant hand were (176.75±16.68 vs. 186.58±16.21), (175.12±15.03 vs. 185.43±15.64), (188.74±16.07 vs. 190.70±17.88), and (200.7±9.77 vs. 210.50±9.50) respectively. All participants were right-handers. In right-handers, the right hand reacted faster than the left hand. Reaction time was prolonged in underweight, overweight,and obese; when compared with normal weight individuals. Our study showed that the reaction time of people appears to be influenced by body mass index, dominant, and non-dominant hand, which was an indirect measure of the sensory motor association.

scholarly journals Analysis of perceived stress, cardiovascular and central nervous system changes before and after menstruation in the age group 18-22 years

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (8) ◽  
pp. 3644
Author(s):  
Amita M. Pardeshi
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Reaction Time ◽  
Perceived Stress ◽  
Pulse Rate ◽  
Premenstrual Syndrome ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Visual Reaction Time ◽  
Visual Reaction

Background: Premenstrual syndrome is a set of physical, behavioural or emotional symptoms that some women experience on regular basis in relation to menstruation. Premenstrual symptoms have been associated with perceived stress, and perceived stress is the strongest predictor of premenstrual syndrome. The purpose of this study was to investigate the premenstrual stress and its effect on cardiovascular system and sensorimotor association and processing capability of central nervous system.Methods: The present study was done in 60 healthy female volunteers in age group of 18-22 years. We measured following parameters during premenstrual and postmenstrual phases- pulse rate, blood pressure, weight, auditory and visual reaction time and perceived stress with the help of Cohen’s perceived stress scale.Results: The study revealed that significant increase was observed in perceived stress, pulse rate, blood pressure, weight, auditory reaction time (ART), and visual reaction time (VRT) during premenstrual period as compared to postmenstrual period.Conclusions: These changes could be attributed to fluid and salt retention due to ovarian steroids and to exaggerated response to hormonal changes leading to decrease in the processing capability of central nervous system. It is not clear how stress may contribute to increased pre-menstrual symptom severity, although stress-induced changes in ovarian hormone levels and neurotransmitters may be involved.

scholarly journals A Cross Sectional Study - Effect of Postural Changes on Choice Reaction Time with Reference to Body Mass Index in Medical Students

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (13) ◽  
pp. 740-744
Author(s):  
Anita Gaule ◽  
Gourav Bhattad ◽  
Aditi Sood
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Reaction Time ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Negative Correlation ◽  
Reaction Times ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Visual Reaction ◽  
Auditory Reaction Time ◽  
Moderate Negative Correlation

BACKGROUND Reaction time (RT) is a simple, non-invasive means of estimating sensorimotor coordination and monitoring performance of an individual. The effect of body mass index (BMI) on RT, suggests that underweight, overweight and obese have increased RT as compared to normal BMI individuals. We wanted to compare the effects of supine, sitting and standing postures on RT and determine the influence of BMI on the same. METHODS An observational cross-sectional study was carried out over 2 months in the Department of Physiology on 60 medical students (30 males and 30 females). Visual and auditory choice reaction times of subjects were measured in supine, sitting and standing postures for green, red and yellow colours and high, medium and low frequency sounds. RESULTS In sitting posture, significant and moderate negative correlation was observed between BMI and visual reaction time (VRT) while the correlation between auditory reaction time (ART) and BMI was weak negative but non-significant. In standing posture, non-significant and weak negative correlation was observed between BMI and VRT, also the correlation between ART and BMI was weak negative but not significant. In supine posture, significant and moderate negative correlation was observed between BMI and ART while the correlation between VRT and BMI was weak negative but not significant. CONCLUSIONS When compared with normal BMI group, higher BMI subjects had longer visual as well as auditory reaction times. The difference was not found to be statistically significant though. A weak or moderate negative correlation between BMI and reaction time (r value < 0.4 in magnitude) was observed in three different postures. KEYWORDS Choice Reaction Time, Visual Reaction Time, Auditory Reaction Time, Posture, Body Mass Index

scholarly journals Prenatal Characteristics of Infants with a Neuronal Migration Disorder: A National-Based Study

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Estelle Naumburg ◽  
Bo Strömberg ◽  
Helle Kieler
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Neuronal Migration ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Maternal Body Mass Index ◽  
Fetal Life ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
The Impact

The development of the central nervous system is complex and includes dorsal and ventral induction, neuronal proliferation, and neuronal migration, organization, and myelination. Migration occurs in humans in early fetal life. Pathogenesis of malformations of the central nervous system includes both genetic and environmental factors. Few epidemiological studies have addressed the impact of prenatal exposures. All infants born alive and included in the Swedish Medical Birth Register 1980–1999 were included in the study. By linkage to the Patient Register, 820 children with a diagnosis related to a neuronal migration abnormality were identified. Through copies of referrals for computer tomography or magnetic resonance imaging of the brain, the diagnosis was confirmed in 17 children. Median age of the mothers was 29 years. At the start of pregnancy, four out of 17 women smoked. Almost half of the women had a body mass index that is low or in the lower range of average. All infants were born at term with normal birth weights. Thirteen infants had one or more concomitant diseases or malformations. Two infants were born with rubella syndrome. The impact of low maternal body mass index and congenital infections on neuronal migration disorders in infants should be addressed in future studies.

Continued Growth of the Central Nervous System without Mandatory Addition of Neurons in the Nile Crocodile (Crocodylus niloticus)

2016 ◽  
Vol 87 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayanda Ngwenya ◽  
Nina Patzke ◽  
Paul R. Manger ◽  
Suzana Herculano-Houzel
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Mammalian Species ◽  
Brain Structures ◽  
The Body ◽  
Cell Counting ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Nile Crocodile

It is generally believed that animals with larger bodies require larger brains, composed of more neurons. Across mammalian species, there is a correlation between body mass and the number of brain neurons, albeit with low allometric exponents. If larger bodies imperatively require more neurons to operate them, then such an increase in the number of neurons should be detected across individuals of a continuously growing species, such as the Nile crocodile. In the current study we use the isotropic fractionator method of cell counting to determine how the number of neurons and non-neurons in 6 specific brain regions and the spinal cord change with increasing body mass in the Nile crocodile. The central nervous system (CNS) structures examined all increase in mass as a function of body mass, with allometric exponents of around 0.2, except for the spinal cord, which increases with an exponent of 0.6. We find that numbers of non-neurons increase slowly, but significantly, in all CNS structures, scaling as a function of body mass with exponents ranging between 0.1 and 0.3. In contrast, numbers of neurons scale with body mass in the spinal cord, olfactory bulb, cerebellum and telencephalon, with exponents of between 0.08 and 0.20, but not in the brainstem and diencephalon, the brain structures that receive inputs and send outputs to the growing body. Densities of both neurons and non-neurons decrease with increasing body mass. These results indicate that increasing body mass with growth in the Nile crocodile is associated with a general addition of non-neurons and increasing cell size throughout CNS structures, but is only associated with an addition of neurons in some structures (and at very small rates) and not in those brain structures directly connected to the body. Larger bodies thus do not imperatively require more neurons to operate them.

TO STUDY THE RELATION BETWEEN BODY MASS INDEX AND MENSTRUAL PROBLEMS AND THEIR EFFECT ON AUDIOVISUAL REACTION TIME IN YOUNG FEMALES.

2021 ◽  
pp. 14-16
Author(s):  
Manu Saini ◽  
Mamta Mamta ◽  
Ruchi Agrawal ◽  
Sweta Soni
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Reaction Time ◽  
Menstrual Cycle ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Reaction Times ◽  
Young Female ◽  
Visual Reaction Time ◽  
Young Females ◽  
Visual Reaction ◽  
Auditory Reaction Time

Background: Menstruation is an important part of female reproductive cycle. Menstrual problems can affect the normal life of adolescent and young women. Many factors play a role in regulation of normal menstruation like genetic, hormonal factors and Body Mass Index. Reaction time is the time taken by an individual to react to a stimulus. It is an indirect index of processing capabilities of the Central Nervous System and is affected by various factors. Aims & Objective: The present study was undertaken to see the relation between Body Mass Index and menstrual abnormalities and effect on Auditory and Visual reaction time in healthy young females (16-19 yrs.) with the help of Audiovisual reaction time apparatus. Method: 90 young female medical and paramedical students from Mahatma Gandhi Medical College, Jaipur, were selected for this study. A questionnaire was given to them regarding the menstrual status and any abnormalities in menstrual cycle. Students were divided into 3 groups according to their body mass index:- Group 1:- Normal(BMI 18.5 – 24.99 kg/m ), Group 2:- Underweight (BMI < 18.5 kg/m ), Group 3:- 2 2 Overweight (BMI > 25 kg/m ). The reaction times were then noted by audiovisual reaction timer. It was observed that students with 2 Results: High or Low BMI were more likely to have an excessive amount of blood ow and long interval between menstrual cycle as compared to normal BMI group . Auditory Reaction Time (ART) and Visual Reaction Time (VRT) were assessed by using one – way ANOVAwith post – hoc Tukey's HSD test. Both Auditory Reaction Time and Visual Reaction Time were prolonged and highly signicant (p<0.0001) in underweight and overweight female groups in comparison to the normal BMI group. Conclusion: Thus Body Mass Index affects the normal menstrual cycle and the Audio-visual reaction time. Adolescent girls should have a healthy and balanced lifestyle to maintain normal BMI and menstrual cycle.

Characteristics of the dynamics of the central nervous system and att ention function in workers of shoe production

2020 ◽  
pp. 64-68
Author(s):  
F. L. Azizova ◽  
U. A. Boltaboev
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Women Workers ◽  
Functional State ◽  
The Body ◽  
Conflict Of Interests ◽  
Professional Groups ◽  
Universal Device ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Working Day

The features of production factors established at the main workplaces of shoe production are considered. The materials on the results of the study of the functional state of the central nervous system of women workers of shoe production in the dynamics of the working day are presented. The level of functional state of the central nervous system was determined by the speed of visual and auditory-motor reactions, installed using the universal device chronoreflexometer. It was revealed that in the body of workers of shoe production there is an early development of inhibitory processes in the central nervous system, which is expressed in an increase in the number of errors when performing tasks on proofreading tables. It was found that the most pronounced shift s in auditory-motor responses were observed in professional groups, where higher levels of noise were registered in the workplace. The correlation analysis showed a close direct relationship between the growth of mistakes made in the market and the decrease in production. An increase in the time spent on the task indicates the occurrence and growth of production fatigue.Funding. The study had no funding.Conflict of interests. The authors declare no conflict of interests.

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