scholarly journals Coenzyme q10 is potentially usedto improve lipid profile in diabetic hypercholesterolemia-induced periodontitis in the coastal area

2018 ◽  
Vol 47 ◽  
pp. 07006
Author(s):  
Saryono Saryono ◽  
Hesti Devinta ◽  
Abdul Haris Budi Widodo ◽  
Arif Imam Hidayat
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Coenzyme Q10 ◽  
Coastal Area ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Atherogenic Index ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Pap Method ◽  
Post Hoc

Contaminated water often affects the occurrence of periodontitis in the coastal area. The diabetic hypercholesterolemia-induced periodontitis in Indonesia is very high. The use of coenzyme Q10 to treat this disease has never been investigated yet. Therefore, this study aimedto analyze the effect of coenzyme Q10 on the lipid profile of diabetic hypercholesterolemia-induced periodontitis.Twenty four rats were randomized into 6 groups (G1-G6). The groups (G1-G3) are healthy, negative and positive control group respectively. The treatment groups (G4-G6) are diabetic hypercholesterolemia-induced rats given coenzyme q10 dose of 13,5; 27 and 54 mg/kg respectively. Rats were induced by periodontitis, hypercholesterolemia and diabetes mellitus. Coenzyme Q10 was administered orally using 2 mL gastric tube once a day for 14 days. Lipid profile including triglycerides, HDL, and atherogenic index (IA) was measured enzymatically by the CHOD-PAP method. Data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA test and followed by the Least Significant Difference (LSD) post hoc test.Coenzyme Q10 with a dose of 54 mg/kgis effective in lowering triglyceride, and atherogenic index and increasing HDL level in diabetic hyperlipidemia-induced periodontitis rats model. This research supports the potential effects of coenzyme Q10 supplementation to improve lipid profile in diabetic hypercholesterolemia-induced periodontitis in the coastal area.

scholarly journals Antiatherosclerotic Potential of Clopidogrel: Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Approaches

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Najah R. Hadi ◽  
Bassim I. Mohammad ◽  
Ihsan M. Ajeena ◽  
Hussam H. Sahib
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Atherosclerotic Lesion ◽  
Immunohistochemical Analysis ◽  
Atherogenic Diet ◽  
Atherogenic Index ◽  
Vehicle Group ◽  
Medium Size ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Serum Triglycerides ◽  
Significant Difference

Background. Atherosclerosis is characterized by endothelial dysfunction, vascular inflammation, and the buildup of lipids, cholesterol, calcium, and cellular debris within the intima of the walls of large and medium size arteries.Objective. To evaluate the effect of clopidogrel on atherosclerosis progression.Materials and Methods. A total of 28 local domestic rabbits were assigned to four groups: normal control, atherogenic control, vehicle control, and clopidogrel treated. Serum triglycerides, total cholesterol, HDL-C, plasma high sensitive C-reactive protein (hsCRP), plasma malondialdehyde (MDA), and plasma reduced glutathione (GSH) were measured at the end of the experiment. Immunohistochemical of aortic atherosclerotic changes were also performed.Results. There was no statistically significant difference between atherogenic control group and vehicle group. Levels of lipid profile, atherogenic index, hsCRP, and MDA are increased while GSH levels were decreased in animals on atherogenic diet. Immunohistochemical analysis showed that aortic expressions of VCAM-1, MCP-1, TNF-α, and IL-17A were significantly increased in atherogenic control group. Histopathologic finding showed that animals on atherogenic diet have significant atherosclerotic lesion. Compared to atherogenic control group clopidogrel do not have significant effect on lipid profile. Clopidogrel significantly reduces hsCRP and MDA levels and increases GSH level. Furthermore, clopidogrel treatment significantly reduced aortic expressions parameters and the histopathologic examination of the aortic arch showed a significant reduction of atherosclerotic lesion.Conclusions. This study outlines how clopidogrel reduces lipid peroxidation, systemic inflammation, and aortic expression of inflammatory markers and hence reduces the progression of atherosclerosis.

Effect of Educational Kinesiology on Static Balance of Learning Disabled Students

1988 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guruchiter Kaur Khalsa ◽  
G. S. Don Morris ◽  
Josie M. Sifft
Keyword(s):  
Learning Disabled ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Static Balance ◽  
Disabled Students ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Individual Session ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Educational Kinesiology ◽  
Movement Group ◽  
Post Hoc

Educational Kinesiology is a movement-based program designed to enhance academic performance and may also influence performance of motor skills. The purpose of this study was to determine whether the Educational Kinesiology techniques of repatterning and/or integration movements affected static balance of 60 learning disabled students, ranging in age from 7 to 11 yr. Subjects were matched on age and sex and assigned to one of three groups: control, movement, or repatterned. Children in the repatterned group received a 10-min. individual session of combined arm and leg movements coordinated with eye-placements prior to the start of the 6-wk. program. Both treatment groups then participated in a movement program for 5 min. twice a day, 5 days a week for 6 wk. The control group received no exposure to these special techniques. Static balance was pretested and posttested in each group using the Modified Stork Stand test. A one-way analysis of variance indicated a significant difference between groups. A Scheffé post hoc test showed that the repatterned group improved more than the movement group, who in turn improved more than the control group.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Perendaman Kopi Robusta dan Arabika terhadap Kekerasan Resin Komposit Nanofiller

e-GIGI ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fransiska M. Pardosi ◽  
Darmawati A. Indraswari ◽  
Lusiana Batubara ◽  
Nadia Hardini
Keyword(s):  
Composite Resin ◽  
Artificial Saliva ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Arabica Coffee ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Hardness Tester ◽  
Robusta Coffee ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Post Hoc ◽  
One Way Anova

Abstract: Nanofiller composite resin has small filler size which enhances its properties. However, these properties could decrease due to several factors. Acidic liquid such as coffee could reduce the hardness of composite resin. This study was aimed to analyze the effect of robusta and arabica coffee immersion on the hardness of nanofiller composite resin. A total of 27 composite resin samples were used and then were polished by using a soflex disc for 30 seconds on each roughness level. Samples were then divided into three groups, as follows: the control group with artificial saliva and the treatment groups with robusta coffee and arabica coffee. The composite resin molds were immersed in the three groups for 5 days. After five days of immersion, the hardness of the sample was tested by using a Vickers hardness tester. Artificial saliva as the control group had the highest mean hardness value of 112.98±8.67 VHN, followed by robusta coffee, and then by arabica coffee. The One Way Anova and post hoc LSD test showed that there were significant differences in all groups (p<0.05) except for the two treatment groups, namely robusta and arabica coffee groups which did not show any significant difference in the resin hardness (p>0.05). In conclusion, robusta and arabica coffee affect the hardness of the nanofiller composite resin, but there is no significant difference in the hardness between the robusta and arabica coffee groups.Keywords: composite resin hardness, nanofiller, robusta coffee, arabica coffee Abstrak: Resin komposit nanofiller memiliki ukuran filler kecil yang dapat meningkatkan fungsinya namun fungsi tersebut dapat menurun oleh beberapa hal. Cairan asam yang dikonsumsi seperti kopi dapat menurunkan kekerasan resin komposit. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh perendaman kopi robusta dan arabika terhadap kekerasan resin komposit nanofiller. Sampel resin komposit yang digunakan sebanyak 27 buah dan dilanjutkan dengan pemolesan menggunakan soflex disc selama 30 detik setiap tingkat kekasarannya. Sampel kemudian dibagi dalam tiga kelompok, yaitu kelompok kontrol dengan saliva buatan dan dua kelompok perlakuan dengan kopi robusta dan arabika. Sebanyak 27 buah resin komposit direndam ke dalam tiga kelompok tersebut selama lima hari kemudian diuji kekerasannya dengan vickers hardness tester. Saliva buatan sebagai kelompok kontrol memiliki nilai rerata kekerasan tertinggi sebesar 112,98±8,67 VHN, diikuti kopi robusta, dan nilai terendah yaitu kopi arabika. Hasil uji One Way Anova dan post hoc LSD menunjukkan terdapat perbedaan bermakna pada semua kelompok (p<0,05) kecuali pada kedua kelompok perlakuan yaitu antara kopi robusta dan arabika tidak menunjukkan adanya perbedaan kekerasan yang bermakna (p>0,05). Simpulan penelitian ini ialah kopi robusta dan arabika memengaruhi kekerasan resin komposit nanofiller namun tidak terdapat perbedaan kekerasan antara keduanya.Kata kunci: kekerasan resin komposit, nanofiller, kopi robusta, kopi arabika

scholarly journals PENGARUH KURMA (PHOENIX DACTYLIFERA L.) TERHADAP BERAT BADAN TIKUS PUTIH JANTAN (RATTUS NOVERGICUS)

2018 ◽  
pp. 181-188
Author(s):  
F Fadila ◽  
Brian Wasita ◽  
Paramasari Dirgahayu
Keyword(s):  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
T Test ◽  
Test Weight ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Post Hoc ◽  
One Way Anova ◽  
Paired T Test

ABSTRAK Kurma merupakan salah satu buah dengan kandungan gizi terlengkap. Selain tinggi energi terutama karbohidrat (glukosa, fruktosa), kurma juga mengandung mineral besi yang berperan dalam metabolisme energi. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh kurma terhadap berat badan tikus (Rattus novergicus). Jenis penelitian eksperimental laboratorik dengan pre-post test with control grup. Sampel adalah 24 ekor tikus putih jantan (Rattus novergicus) strain Wistar, dibagi menjadi 4 kelompok, yaitu kelompok K1 (kontrol negatif), dan K2 (kontrol positif (diberikan suplemen FeSO )), P1 (perlakuan ekstrak air kurma mentah), dan P2 (perlakuan sari kurma). Analisis data dengan uji paired t-test untuk mengetahui perbedaan berat badan pre-post test, ANOVA untuk mengetahui perbedaan berat badan post test antar kelompok, yang dilanjutkan dengan post hoc test LSD, dengan α=0,01. Hasil penelitian menunjukan terjadi peningkatan berat badan pada semua kelompok sampel (K1, K2, P1, dan P2). Peningkatan berat badan tertinggi pada kelompok kontrol positif (K1) 11,12%, diikuti oleh kelompok perlakuan SK (P2) 11,00%, dan perlakuan EAKM (P1) 10,90%, sedangkan yang terendah pada kelompok kontrol negatif (K1) hanya 5,32%. Hasil analisis paired t-Test pada kelompok kontrol positif (K2), perlakuan EAKM (P1) dan SK (P2) menunjukan terdapat perbedaan berat badan pre- post test yang signifikan (p<0,01). Hasil analisis One Way Anova, diperoleh nilai p=0,000 (p<0,01) yang menandakan terdapat perbedaan berat badan post test yang signifikan antar 4 kelompok, di mana post hoc test LSD menunjukan perbedaan terletak antara kontrol negatif (K1) dengan kelompok yang diberikan perlakuan (K2, P1, dan P2), sedangkan diantara kelompok K2, P1, dan P2 tidak ada perbedaan yang signifikan. Kesimpulan: Kurma dapat meningkatkan berat badan tikus yang mengalami anemia defisiensi besi. Pengaruh kurma terhadap berat badan tikus sama dengan pengaruh dari pemberian suplemen FeSO4. Peningkatan berat badan tikus tanpa perlakuan sangat rendah jika dibandingkan dengan peningkatan berat badan tikus yang diberikan kurma dan suplemen FeSO .Kata Kunci: kurma (Pheonix dactylifera L.); ekstrak air kurma mentah (EAKM), sari kurma (SK), suplemen FeSO4, berat badan tikus. ABSTRACT Dates are one of the most nutritious fruits. In addition to high energy, especially carbohydrates, dates also contain iron minerals that play a role in energy metabolism. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of dates on rat body weight (Rattus novergicus). Types of laboratory experimental studies with pre-post test with control group. The sample was 24 male white rats (Rattus novergicus) Wistar strain, divided into 4 groups, ie group K1 (negative control), and K2 (positive control (given FeSO4 supplement)), P1 (crude dates juice treatment), and P2 (dates juice treatment). Analysis of data with paired t-test to determine the difference of pre-post test weight, One Way Anova to know difference of post test between group weight, followed by post hoc test of LSD, with α = 0,01. The results showed that there was an increase in weight across all sample groups (K1, K2, P1, and P2). The highest weight gain in the positive control group (K1) was 11.12%, followed by the group of dates juice treatment (P2) 11.00%, and crude dates juice treatment (P1) 10.90%, while the lowest in the negative control group (K1) only 5 , 32%. The result of paired t-test analysis in positive control group (K2), crude dates juice treatment (P1) and dates juice treatment (P2) showed significant difference of pre-post test weight (p <0,01). The results of One Way Anova analysis showed that p = 0,000 (p <0,01) indicated that there was significant difference of post test weight between 4 groups, where post hoc test of LSD showed the difference between negative control (K1) and group that given treatment (K2, P1, and P2), whereas between groups K2, P1, and P2 there was no significant difference. Conclusion: Dates can increase the weight of rats with iron deficiency anemia. The effect of dates on body weight of rats is similar to that of FeSO4 supplementation. Increased rats weight without treatment is very low when compared with the increased weight of rats given dates and supplements of FeSO4.   Keywords: dates (Pheonix dactylifera L.); raw dates crude extract, dates juice, FeSO4 supplement, weight of rats.

scholarly journals Ekstrak ikan haruan (Channa striata) meningkatkan jumlah neokapiler pada penyembuhan luka (Extract of haruan (Channa striata) increases neocapillaries count in wound healing process )

2015 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Muhammad Reza Setiawan ◽  
Nurdiana Dewi ◽  
Ika Kustiyah Oktaviyanti
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
Healing Process ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Wound Healing Process ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Accelerate Wound Healing ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Channa Striata ◽  
Post Hoc

<p>Haruan is Kalimantan’s indigenous fish which has the potency to accelerate wound healing. Haruan extract has substantial properties suchas albumin, Zn,Cu, andFeto accelerate wound healing. The purposeof this study is to assess the effect of haruan extract on wistar rats buccal mucosa wound healing on day 1, 3, 5, and 7 histopathologically. This study was purely experimental with pretest-posttest with control group design. Samples were divided into 4 treatment groups, haruan extract 25%, 50%, 100% treatment groups and aquadest treatment group as negative control, each treatment wasperformed for 7 days. Neocapillariescount reached its peak on day 5. Mean neocapillaries scoring of each group was 12, 16.5, 18.5, 6 respectively. Two way Anova and post hoc LSD tests presented a significant difference between negative control and haruan extract groups. In conclusion, haruan extract treatment significantly increased neocapillaries count in wound healing process.</p><p>Haruan adalah ikankhas Kalimantan yangberpotensi mempercepat penyembuhanluka. Ekstrak ikan haruan mengandung zat penting seperti albumin, Zn , Cu, dan Fe untuk mempercepat penyembuhan luka. Penelitian ini dimaksudkan untuk mengetahui pengaruh ekstrak ikan haruan pada proses penyembuhan luka pada mukosa bukal tikus wistar hari ke-1, 3, 5, dan 7 secara histopatologi. Penelitian eksperimental murni dengan pretest-posttest with control group ini, meliputi 4 kelompok,yaitu kelompok hewan yang diberi ekstrak haruan selama7 hari dengan konsentrasi berturut-turut 25%, 50%, 100%, dan kelompok kontrol negatif diberi akuades. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa jumlah neokapiler mencapai puncak pada hari ke-5. Rerata jumlah neokapiler pada tiap kelompok berturut adalah 12; 16,5; 18,5; dan 6. Uji Anova 2-jalur dan uji post hoc LSDmenunjukkan adanya perbedaan bermakna antara kontrol negatif dan ekstrak ikan haruan. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, disimpulkan bahwa pemberian ekstrak ikan haruan secara bermakna meningkatkan jumlah neokapiler pada proses penyembuhan luka.</p>

scholarly journals Comparison of four methods of inducing pseudopregnancy in rabbits

2022 ◽  
Vol 78 (01) ◽  
pp. 6608-2022
Author(s):  
SYAFRUDDIN SYAFRUDDIN ◽  
SRI WAHYUNI ◽  
GHOLIB GHOLIB ◽  
TONGKU NIZWAN SIREGAR
Keyword(s):  
Positive Control ◽  
The Other ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Corpora Lutea ◽  
Histological Observation ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Examination Time ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Difference

This study was conducted to compare several methods for inducing pseudopregnancy in local rabbits. The study used 25 clinically healthy rabbits of local breeds, aged 1-1.5 years, with a bodyweight of 1.8-2.2 kg. The rabbits were divided into five treatment groups (n = 5): R1, R2, R3, R4, and R5. Each group was given a different treatment. Group R1 was injected intramuscularly with 100 IU PMSG and mated with males three days later, which was followed by an intravenous injection of 75 IU hCG. Pseudopregnancy in group R2 was induced through artificial copulation by inserting a 1 cm long cotton bud into vaginal lumen at 5 a.m. Pseudopregnancy in group R3 was induced using 50 IU hCG intramuscularly. Group R4 was injected intravenously with 5 g GnRH and then intramuscularly with 100 IU PMSG and three days later with 75 IU hCG. Blood samples were collected on days 2, 4, 6, and 8 for estrogen and progesterone measurement, whereas an ovarian histological observation of all groups was performed on day 8. The results show that the highest concentration of estrogen was obtained in group R2, which was significantly different from the other groups (P <0.05), but the difference in examination time was not statistically significant (P > 0.05). Furthermore, the concentration of progesterone in all groups fluctuated at various times of the day. Progesterone concentrations were higher in group R5, in which pseudopregnancy was induced with PMSG and hCG. Group R5 showed a significant difference (P <0.05) with R2, R3, and R4, but the difference with the positive control group (R1) was not significant (P > 0.05). The numbers of corpora lutea in groups R1, R2, R3, R4, and R5 were, respectively, 6.87 ± 1.58, 6.22 ± 2.71, 6.74 ± 1.94, 5.98 ± 2.04, and 8.8 ± 1.90, and the largest diameter was obtained in R5 (1.65 ± 0.37 mm). In conclusion, the best method of inducing pseudopregnancy in local rabbits is the administration of PMSG and hCG.

scholarly journals Effect of Broccoli (Brassica oleracea L. var. italica) Extract on Bleeding Time in Male White Mice (Mus musculus L.)

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Suci Fitriani Sammulia ◽  
Almahdy Almahdy ◽  
Aldo Wahyu Rezky
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Oleracea ◽  
Bleeding Time ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Post Hoc ◽  
Treatment Control Group ◽  
Initial Blood ◽  
Brassica Oleracea L

Cessation of bleeding is influenced by many factors including the type of medication used. The use of drugs to stop bleeding can be done in various ways, one of which is the use of traditional medicine. One of the traditional plants that can be used as a stop bleeding is broccoli (Brassica oleracea L. var. italica) which has a fairly high vitamin K content, where is efficacious as hemostatic. This study aims to determine the effect of broccoli on the bleeding time of mice tail cuts. The first group was negative control (Na-CMC), the second group was positive control (tranexamic acid), while groups three, four, and five were broccoli extract dose of 20, 40, and 60 mg/kg BW, respectively. All treatments were given orally for seven days. Bleeding time was calculated from the initial blood loss until the blood stopped (tail bleeding I method) and the data were analyzed with the ANOVA one way test and the post hoc Least Significant Difference (LSD) statistical test. The results showed that there were differences in the time to stop bleeding in the treatment control group at a dose of 20 mg/kg BW (122.60 � 29.535 seconds), 40 mg/kg BW (102.40 � 9.607 seconds) and 60 mg/kg BW (90.40 � 3.845 seconds). From these results, it can be concluded that the extract of broccoli at a dose of 60 mg/kg BW gives the best results as hemostatic, while the effect is almost similar to the positive control group.

The Effect of Anti Pollutant Gel from Sansevieria trifasciata on Malondialdehyde Level and Histopathology of Rats’ Liver and Lungs Induced by Cigarette, Coal, and Mosquito Smoke

2020 ◽  
pp. 290-296
Author(s):  
Irfan Kesumayadi ◽  
Luh Ayu Nanamy Khrisnashanti Eva Susila ◽  
Ericko Hartanto ◽  
Darmawati Ayu Indraswari
Keyword(s):  
Positive Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Wistar Strain ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Pregnane Glycoside ◽  
And Control ◽  
Air Circulation ◽  
Gross Examination

Gas pollutants that accumulate in the room with restricted air circulation may cause respiratory system disorders. A pregnane glycoside compound from Sansevieria can reduce the pollutants. This study aims at producing gels from Sansevieria extract to neutralize indoor gas pollutants. Sansevieria extract is produced by the maceration process with composition 8 g simplicia and 100 ml ethanol 96%. The extract was processed into the gel with a 20% concentration. The gel was applied to rats (Rattus norvegicus) Wistar strain induced by cigarette, coal, and mosquito smoke with positive control and treatment groups. After 8 days, the Gross examination and histopathology of lungs and liver were observed quantitatively. MDA levels were measured with the TBARS method. Data were analyzed by independent sample T-test and Mann-Whitney test with p-value considered significant if <0,05. Gross examination of lungs showed a significant difference between the treatment and control group that was induced by coal smoke (p=0.031), and mosquito smoke (p=0.006), and the liver’s gross of cigarette smoke (p=0.040). Histopathology of lungs showed a significant difference in mosquito smoke (p=0.032) and no significant difference in histopathology of the liver. MDA levels showed significant difference in coal smoke (p=0.020) and mosquito smoke (p=0.000). In conclusion, anti pollutant gel reduces MDA levels and damage of the lungs induced by pollutants.

scholarly journals THE EFFECT OF RAMANIA LEAF (Bouea macrophylla Griff) EXTRACT GEL ON COLLAGEN FIBERS DENSITY IN INCISIONAL WOUND OF MALE WISTAR RATS

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 96
Author(s):  
Dinda Rizkia ◽  
Irham Taufiqurrahman ◽  
Renie Kumala Dewi
Keyword(s):  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Collagen Fibers ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Post Hoc

ABSTRACTBackground: Ramania leaf (Bouea macrophylla Griff) extract gel has secondary metabolites in the form of flavonoids, steroids, phenols and terpenoids which have a role as antioxidant. They will protect the body from excessive production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) by increasing endogenous antioxidants SOD, CAT and GPX, so that wound healing will not be inhibited and the process of collagen synthesis can run smoothly. Objective: To analyze the effect of ramania leaf extract gel that was applied topically with 5%, 10% and 15% concentration on collagen fibers density in incisional wound of male Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus) on the 7th and the 14th day. Method: This research is a pure experimental study with a posttest-only control group design, using 24 rats which were divided into 4 groups: the treatment groups given ramania leaf extract gel of 5%, 10%, 15%, and the control group given placebo gel. The application of the extract gel was done once within 24 hours. The collagen level was measured with a spectrophotometer on the 7th and the 14th day. Results: Two-Way ANOVA test results on the 7th and the 14th day of each group showed a significant difference with p=0.000 (p<0.05). The Bonferroni Post-hoc Test showed a significant difference with p<0.05 between the placebo gel group and the groups of ramania leaf extract gel of 5%, 10%, 15% on the 7th and the 14th day. Conclusion: There is an effect of ramania leaf extract gel on collagen fibers density with the most effective concentration of 15%.Keywords: Antioxidant, , Collagen, Ramania Leaf Extract Gel

scholarly journals Efficacy of Titanium Brush, 915 nm Diode Laser, Citric Acid for Eradication of Staphylococcus Aureus from Implant Surfaces

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Reza Karimi ◽  
Behshad Farkhondemehr ◽  
Motahare Ghaeni Najafi ◽  
Ardavan Etemadi ◽  
Nasim Chiniforush
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Citric Acid ◽  
Diode Laser ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Colony Count ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Mini Implants ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Post Hoc

Abstract Background: This study aimed to assess the efficacy of titanium brush, 915 nm diode laser, citric acid and the combination of latter two with titanium brush for decontamination of SLA surface mini-implants.Materials and Methods: Seventy-five mini-implants contaminated with Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) were randomly divided into five experimental groups (n=12) of titanium brush (TiB), laser, citric acid (CA), brush-laser, and brush-acid, positive [n=12; chlorhexidine mouthwash (CHX)] and negative [n=2; phosphate buffered saline (PBS)] control groups and one no-treatment group (n=1). After counting the colony forming units (CFUs), data were analyzed using the Kruskal-Wallis and Dunn post-hoc tests.Results: Regardless of the no-treatment and negative control groups, maximum and minimum CFUs were noted in the titanium brush and positive control groups. After CHX, minimum CFUs were noted in brush-acid group followed by brush-laser, laser, and acid groups. Generally, the Kruskal-Walli test revealed a significant difference between the groups regarding the colony count (P<0.001). Dunn post-hoc test showed that the difference between the titanium brush and acid-brush group was significant (P<0.001) while the differences between the brush and laser groups with the brush-laser group were not significant (P>0.077).Conclusions: Maximum reduction in colony count was noted in the positive control group. Combination of titanium brush and laser was also effective for decreasing the colony count; however, combined use of titanium brush and citric acid yielded superior results compared to other groups.

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