Use of Geo-Informatics in Flood Hazard Mapping: A Case of Balkhu River

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. 52-57
Author(s):  
Susheel Dangol
Keyword(s):  
Flood Hazard ◽  
Hazard Analysis ◽  
System Model ◽  
One Dimension ◽  
Hazard Mapping ◽  
Land Area ◽  
Technical Approach ◽  
Barren Land ◽  
Flood Depth ◽  
Analysis System

Flood is one of the striking water induced disaster that hits most of the part of the world. In Nepal also it is one of the serious disasters which affect the study describes the technical approach of probable flood hazard analysis. Segment of Balkhu River within the Balkhu catchment of area 44.37 km2 from Kirtipur gorge to Bagmati confluence was taken as area of study. The total length of the study segment was 5485.89 m. One dimension HEC-RAS (Hydrologic Engineering Center-River Analysis System) model was used for the analysis. The study shows that higher flood depth increases and low flood depth decreases with increase in intensity of flood. Also, huge area of barren land area is affected by flood and few percentage of settlement area is affected by flood indicating the damages to the human lives. Huge area of barren land indicates that in future human lives are more prone to disasters as those lands have gone through planning for future settlement.Nepalese Journal on Geoinformatics -13, 2014, Page: 52-57

scholarly journals Flood Hazard Mapping and Vulnerability Analysis of Bishnumati River, Nepal

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 20-24
Author(s):  
Susheel Dangol ◽  
Arnob Bormudoi
Keyword(s):  
Flood Hazard ◽  
Hazard Analysis ◽  
Flood Plain ◽  
Flood Damage ◽  
Hazard Mapping ◽  
Huge Amount ◽  
Technical Approach ◽  
Flood Vulnerability ◽  
Flood Depth ◽  
Flood Intensity

Flood is one of the striking water induced disaster that hits most of the part of the world. In Nepal also it is one of the serious disasters which affect the human lives and huge amount of property. The increase of population and squatter settlements of landless people living at the bank of the river has tremendous pressure in encroachment of flood plain making them vulnerable to the flood damage. The study describes the technical approach of probable flood vulnerability and flood hazard analysis. Bishnumati catchment was taken as area of study. One dimension model of HEC-RAS with HEC-GeoRAS interface in co-ordination with ArcGIS was applied for the analysis. Analysis shows that the flood area increases with flood intensity. Higher flood depth increases and lower flood depth decreases with increase in intensity of flood. Inundation of huge area of urban land indicates that in future human lives are more prone to flood disaster. Thus, the study may help in future planning and management for future probable disaster.Nepalese Journal on Geoinformatics, Vol. 14, 2015, page: 20-24

scholarly journals An approach for flood hazard modelling and mapping in the medium Valtellina

2011 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 1141-1151 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Poretti ◽  
M. De Amicis
Keyword(s):  
Urban Planning ◽  
Flood Hazard ◽  
Hazard Analysis ◽  
Hazard Mapping ◽  
Hazard Maps ◽  
Experimental Modelling ◽  
Hydrodynamic Simulations ◽  
Lombardy Region ◽  
Legislative Framework ◽  
Modelling Approach

Abstract. In the Lombardy Region, as in many other contexts all over the world, hazard maps do not have a precise legislative confirmation. Despite this, they are necessary to support several institutional activities, and among these, local urban planning. An approach to hazard analysis and mapping that fits the Lombardy Region legislative framework is presented here that introduces a level of experimental modelling, making use of SOBEK 1-D–2-D as a tool for hydrodynamic simulations. A stretch of 17 km of the Adda river in Valtellina has been modelled, referring to twelve scenarios characterised by different temporal probabilities, and comprising the main sources of uncertainty. The results were compared with available local hydraulic studies, and combined to obtain two complementary flood hazard maps which could usefully support urban planning. Advantages and drawbacks of this modelling approach, together with considerations related to flood hazard mapping are discussed.

scholarly journals Flood Hazard Zonation Using an Artificial Neural Network Model: A Case Study of Kabul River Basin, Pakistan

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (24) ◽  
pp. 13953
Author(s):  
Muhammad Saeed ◽  
Huan Li ◽  
Sami Ullah ◽  
Atta-ur Rahman ◽  
Amjad Ali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
River Discharge ◽  
Flood Hazard ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Hazard Mapping ◽  
Drainage Network ◽  
Flood Depth ◽  
Slope Flow ◽  
Surface Geology ◽  
Kabul River

Floods are the most frequent and destructive natural disasters causing damages to human lives and their properties every year around the world. Pakistan in general and the Peshawar Vale, in particular, is vulnerable to recurrent floods due to its unique physiography. Peshawar Vale is drained by River Kabul and its major tributaries namely, River Swat, River Jindi, River Kalpani, River Budhni and River Bara. Kabul River has a length of approximately 700 km, out of which 560 km is in Afghanistan and the rest falls in Pakistan. Looking at the physiography and prevailing flood characteristics, the development of a flood hazard model is required to provide feedback to decision-makers for the sustainability of the livelihoods of the inhabitants. Peshawar Vale is a flood-prone area, where recurrent flood events have caused damages to standing crops, agricultural land, sources of livelihood earnings and infrastructure. The objective of this study was to determine the effectiveness of the ANN algorithm in the determination of flood inundated areas. The ANN algorithm was implemented in C# for the prediction of inundated areas using nine flood causative factors, that is, drainage network, river discharge, rainfall, slope, flow accumulation, soil, surface geology, flood depth and land use. For the preparation of spatial geodatabases, thematic layers of the drainage network, river discharge, rainfall, slope, flow accumulation, soil, surface geology, flood depth and land use were generated in the GIS environment. A Neural Network of nine, six and one neurons for the first, second and output layers, respectively, were designed and subsequently developed. The output and the resultant product of the Neural Network approach include flood hazard mapping and zonation of the study area. Parallel to this, the performance of the model was evaluated using Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) and Correlation coefficient (R2). This study has further highlighted the applicability and capability of the ANN in flood hazard mapping and zonation. The analysis revealed that the proposed model is an effective and viable approach for flood hazard analysis and zonation.

Review of Flood Hazards Studies in Nepal

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 24-32
Author(s):  
Buddhi Raj Shrestha ◽  
Raj Kumar Rai ◽  
Saroj Marasini
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Flow Model ◽  
Flood Hazard ◽  
Hazard Analysis ◽  
Monsoon Season ◽  
Hazard Mapping ◽  
Flood Hazards ◽  
Journal Articles ◽  
Inundation Mapping ◽  
Flood Disasters

Flood, a common water-induced disaster of monsoon season, is a recurring phenomenon in Nepal. It causes many deaths and injuries besides severe impacts on the vital infrastructures of the nation. This paper reviews the published national and international journal articles related to flood hazard mapping in Nepal. Desinventar database from 1971-2016 shows that Bagmati province and province 2 are more affected than other provinces in Nepal. Here we review the previous studies on flood disasters at the regional and national levels. The results show that most of the papers are based on a steady flow model for inundation mapping and more focuses on hazard analysis rather than vulnerability and risk assessment.

scholarly journals Flood Hazard Mapping by Using Geographic Information System and Hydraulic Model: Mert River, Samsun, Turkey

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vahdettin Demir ◽  
Ozgur Kisi
Keyword(s):  
River Basin ◽  
Flood Risk ◽  
Flood Hazard ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Hydraulic Model ◽  
Hazard Mapping ◽  
Digital Elevation ◽  
Risk Maps ◽  
Analysis System ◽  
Elevation Model

In this study, flood hazard maps were prepared for the Mert River Basin, Samsun, Turkey, by using GIS and Hydrologic Engineering Centers River Analysis System (HEC-RAS). In this river basin, human life losses and a significant amount of property damages were experienced in 2012 flood. The preparation of flood risk maps employed in the study includes the following steps: (1) digitization of topographical data and preparation of digital elevation model using ArcGIS, (2) simulation of flood lows of different return periods using a hydraulic model (HEC-RAS), and (3) preparation of flood risk maps by integrating the results of (1) and (2).

scholarly journals Flood Hazard Analysis of Proposed Regulator on Shatt Al-Arab River

Hydrology ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 80
Author(s):  
Ahmed Naseh Ahmed Hamdan ◽  
Abdulhussain A. Abbas ◽  
Alauldeen T. Najm
Keyword(s):  
Boundary Conditions ◽  
Flood Hazard ◽  
Hazard Analysis ◽  
Flood Wave ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Salt Intrusion ◽  
Tigris River ◽  
Open Case ◽  
Analysis System ◽  
S Peak

Recently, the Shatt Al-Arab River has suffered from increased salinization of its water due to the reduction of freshwater from its tributaries, mainly from the Tigris River, which has resulted in long-distance salinity intrusion. Therefore, there is a need to establish a regulator in the Abu-Flus district to prevent salt intrusion. The aim of the study is to investigate the effect of a proposed regulator on the Shatt Al-Arab River with simulations using the Hydrologic Engineering Center’s River Analysis System (HEC-RAS) model. The upstream boundary conditions were the daily discharges of Tigris River and the downstream boundary conditions were the hourly water stages of the Shatt Al-Arab River. The river model was operated by using the daily discharges recorded in 2014 for calibration and verification of the model. Then, a program operated with a suggested regulator and a flood wave assumed a 200 m3/s peak flow for a duration of 27 days. The flooding occurrence period of the flood wave was investigated under the effect of three study cases of regulator gates, which were fully open (case B1), tide gate (case B2), and fully closed (case B3). The results showed that flooding inundation occurred only in two cases (B2 and B3). These results will encourage the construction of the regulator considering certain precautions.

scholarly journals A Model-Based Flood Hazard Mapping on the Southern Slope of Himalaya

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 540 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dibit Aryal ◽  
Lei Wang ◽  
Tirtha Raj Adhikari ◽  
Jing Zhou ◽  
Xiuping Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Flood Control ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Flood Hazard ◽  
Monsoon Season ◽  
Peak Discharge ◽  
Hazard Mapping ◽  
Southern Slope ◽  
Management And Development ◽  
Analysis System ◽  
High Level

Originating from the southern slope of Himalaya, the Karnali River poses a high flood risk at downstream regions during the monsoon season (June to September). This paper presents comprehensive hazard mapping and risk assessments in the downstream region of the Karnali River basin for different return-period floods, with the aid of the HEC-RAS (Hydrologic Engineering Center’s River Analysis System). The assessment was conducted on a ~38 km segment of the Karnali River from Chisapani to the Nepal–India border. To perform hydrodynamic simulations, a long-term time series of instantaneous peak discharge records from the Chisapani gauging station was collected. Flooding conditions representing 2-, 5-, 10-, 50-, 100-, 200-, and 1000-year return periods (YRPs) were determined using Gumbel’s distribution. With an estimated peak discharge of up to 29,910 m3/s and the flood depths up to 23 m in the 1000-YRP, the area vulnerable to flooding in the study domain extends into regions on both the east and west banks of the Karnali River. Such flooding in agricultural land poses a high risk to food security, which directly impacts on residents’ livelihoods. Furthermore, the simulated flood in 2014 (equivalent to a 100-YRP) showed a high level of impact on physical infrastructure, affecting 51 schools, 14 health facilities, 2 bus-stops, and an airport. A total of 132 km of rural–urban roads and 22 km of highways were inundated during the flood. In summary, this study can support in future planning and decision-making for improved water resources management and development of flood control plans on the southern slope of Himalaya.

scholarly journals Flood Hazard Mapping in Residential Area Using Hydrodynamic Model HEC-RAS 5.0

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-36
Author(s):  
Muhammad Baitullah Al Amin ◽  
Reini Silvia Ilmiaty ◽  
Ayu Marlina
Keyword(s):  
Flow Velocity ◽  
Hydrodynamic Model ◽  
Flood Control ◽  
Flood Hazard ◽  
Hazard Mapping ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Flood Depth ◽  
Two Dimensional Flow ◽  
Hazard Rating

The flood hazard rating is one of the essential variables in flood risk analysis. The identification of flood-prone areas urgently requires information about flood hazard zones. This research explains the method to develop flood hazard map by using hydrodynamic modeling in the residential areas. The hydrodynamic model used in this research is HEC-RAS 5.0, which can simulate the one- and two-dimensional flow regimes. The study area is Bukit Sejahtera and Tanjung Rawa residences located in Palembang City with a total area of about 200 ha, where the Lambidaro River was frequently overflowing caused flood inundation in the area. There are five indicators of flood hazard being analyzed, i.e., 1) flood depth, 2) flow velocity, 3) energy head, 4) flow force, which is the result of multiplication between flood depth and the square of flow velocity, and 5) intensity, which is the result of multiplication between flood depth and the flow velocity. The simulation results show that the flood hazard rating in the study area ranges from high to low level. The zones with a high flood hazard rating are dominated by the area around or near to the river, whereas the further zones have a moderate and low level of flood hazard rating. The flood depth indicator has a more significant influence than the flow velocity on the flood hazard level in the study area. This research is expected can contribute to the development of flood map and flood control methods in advance.

scholarly journals Flood Hazard Mapping of Rivers in Snow- and Glacier-Fed Basins of Different Hydrological Regimes Using a Hydrodynamic Model under RCP Scenarios

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (20) ◽  
pp. 2806
Author(s):  
Huma Hayat ◽  
Muhammad Saifullah ◽  
Muhammad Ashraf ◽  
Shiyin Liu ◽  
Sher Muhammad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
21St Century ◽  
Flood Hazard ◽  
River Basins ◽  
Flood Damage ◽  
Hazard Mapping ◽  
Rcp Scenarios ◽  
Digital Elevation ◽  
Late 21St Century ◽  
Analysis System ◽  
Elevation Model

The global warming trends have accelerated snow and glacier melt in mountainous river basins, which has increased the probability of glacial outburst flooding. Recurrent flood events are a challenge for the developing economy of Pakistan in terms of damage to infrastructure and loss of lives. Flood hazard maps can be used for future flood damage assessment, preparedness, and mitigation. The current study focused on the assessment and mapping of flood-prone areas in small settlements of the major snow- and glacier-fed river basins situated in Hindukush–Karakoram–Himalaya (HKH) under future climate scenarios. The Hydrologic Engineering Center-River Analysis System (HEC-RAS) model was used for flood simulation and mapping. The ALOS 12.5 m Digital Elevation Model (DEM) was used to extract river geometry, and the flows generated in these river basins using RCP scenarios were used as the inflow boundary condition. Severe flooding would inundate an area of ~66%, ~86%, ~37% (under mid-21st century), and an area of ~72%, ~93%, ~59% (under late 21st century RCP 8.5 scenario) in the Chitral, Hunza, and Astore river basins, respectively. There is an urgent need to develop a robust flood mitigation plan for the frequent floods occurring in northern Pakistan.

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