scholarly journals Pattern of Traumatic Dental Injuries and associated Risk Factors: A Hospital-based Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-44
Author(s):  
Deepti Shrestha ◽  
Sumita Upadhyay
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Age Difference ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Traumatic Dental Injuries ◽  
Dental Injuries ◽  
Associate Risk

Introduction: Study of traumatic dental injuries (TDI);a common dental emergencycan facilitate planning of preventive measures, better assessment and carry out treatment effectively. Objective: To determine the gender and age difference in TDIs, etiology, intra-oral soft-tissue and bony injuries, types of tooth fractures and luxation injuries. Also to find out the association between the type of TDI and malocclusion, overjet and lip competency.Materials & Method: This cross-sectional study comprised of 121 patients with the history of TDI. Thorough history and clinical examination was done and data were statistically analyzed (confidence interval of 95% and statistical significance set at p≤0.05).Result: Males were more prone to injuries with a male-to-female ratio of 1.5:1. Fall and road traffic accidents were the most common cause of injuries and males were more prone to injuries due to fall (p=0.047). The main etiologies of TDIs were fall and RTA in children and adults respectively. Children had more luxation injuries, while adults had more tooth fractures. Permanent maxillary central incisors were most common to sustain tooth fracture and enamel-dentin fracture were the most common types of injuries. No statistically significant association was found between overjet and tooth fractures (p=0.19), luxation injuries (p=0.24), softtissue injuries and bony injuries (p=0.42). Similarly, no significant association was found between lip competency and dental injuries.Conclusion: Cohort studies must be conducted to associate risk factors and TDIs. 

scholarly journals Prevalence of Traumatic Dental Injuries and their relation with predisposing factors among 8-15 years old school children of Indore city, India

2018 ◽  
Vol 91 (3) ◽  
pp. 328-335 ◽  
Author(s):  
Preene Juneja ◽  
Sadanand Kulkarni ◽  
Sapna Raje
Keyword(s):  
School Children ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Dental Trauma ◽  
Central India ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Predisposing Factors ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Traumatic Dental Injuries ◽  
Dental Injuries

Background. Dental injuries result in functional, esthetic and psychological disturbances accompanied by great concern from the child, the parent and the dentist. Oral injuries are fourth most common area of bodily injuries among 7-30 year-old individuals.Aim. a) To assess the prevalence of traumatic dental injuries (TDI) and their relation with predisposing factors among 8-15 years old school children in Indore city, India.b) To collect baseline data as there have been no reported studies of TDI in central India to this date.Methods. A cross sectional study was carried out among 4000 children of 60 schools in Indore using multistage random sampling method. Examination of permanent incisor teeth was done in accordance with the modified Elli’s and Davey Classification using a standard mouth mirror and probe. Subjects who had clinical evidence of trauma were interviewed for details of the injury event by using structured questionnaire. Chi square test was used to analyze the distribution of all the measurement in this study at the statistical significance of 0.05.Results. Among the 4000 children of 60 schools examined, 10.2% experienced TDI. 68.38% boys experienced TDI, which was approximately twice as higher in females being 31.62%. The most commonly affected teeth were maxillary central incisors. A higher number of children with incisal overjet greater than 3 mm had TDI than those with less than 3mm, although this difference was not statistically significant. Lip closure incompetence was found to be more common in subjects having a TDI. Fall was the most common cause for TDI and place of occurrence was home. Most common type of fracture was class I and most of them were untreated.Conclusion. The high level of dental trauma and low percentage of children with trauma seeking treatment stresses the need for increased awareness in Indore population.

scholarly journals Study on risk factors of road traffic accident victims attending a tertiary care hospital at Tirupati

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (5) ◽  
pp. 1708
Author(s):  
Shakeer Kahn P. ◽  
Bayapa Reddy N. ◽  
Ashok Kumar Reddy K. ◽  
Ravi Prabhu G.
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Motor Vehicles ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Road Traffic Accidents ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical Disorders

Background: Road traffic accidents stand as one of the leading causes of mortality and morbidity across the globe. Increase in the number of motor vehicles, poor enforcement of traffic safety regulations, inadequacy of health infrastructure, and poor transport facilities makes the situation still worse. The objective of the study is to know the role of victims and various risk factors related to RTA. To determine the association of risk factors with type of injury and to know the pre-existing medical disorders in RTA victims.Methods: A hospital based, cross sectional study with victims of road traffic accidents admitted in S.V.R.R. Government General Hospital, Tirupati, as study subjects was done during June 2013 to May 2014 for one year where 820 victims of road traffic accidents were interviewed after taking prior consent using a predesigned questionnaire.Results: Most of the victims were drivers (48.5%) followed by passengers (31.7%) and pedestrian (19.8%). No two wheeler driver was wearing helmet. 74% of the four wheeler occupants were not using seat belts. Among drivers and pedestrians, 29.2% were under the influence of alcohol and 12.7% were listening to music. 55.8% of the passengers felt that their vehicle was going with over speed. 17.1% & 11.0% of the participants had history of hypertension and diabetes.Conclusions: There is a need to develop integrated surveillance system to identify the road traffic injury burden and the causal/risk factors. Enforcement of stringent road traffic laws to bring down the burden of road traffic accidents.

scholarly journals Epidemiology of Orthopaedic Injuries in Cases of Road Traffic Accidents

2021 ◽  
pp. 47-52
Author(s):  
M. Meena ◽  
K. Jaganath ◽  
M. SathishKumar ◽  
Saidev Ramkumar ◽  
P. Shanmuga Sundaram
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Health Management ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Road Traffic Accidents ◽  
Severe Injuries ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Rapid Urbanization ◽  
The Individual

Background: Road traffic accidents are on the rise due to rapid urbanization, motorization, lack of appropriate road engineering, poor awareness levels, non existent injury prevention programs, and poor enforcement of traffic laws. From mild to severe injuries, a road traffic accident can have a significant social and economic impact on the individual, family and the society. It is believed that the outcome of this study should help in identifying risk factors, set priorities for prevention and aid in management of cases. Materials and Methods: This study is a cross sectional prospective study conducted over a period of 6 months Results: One hundred and twenty seven RTA victims were studied during the period. The most commonly affected age group was 21-40 years. Men were more involved in RTAs than women. Most common fracture was tibial fracture and most common fractures were seen in people who drove motorcycles. Accidents were most commonly seen during the time period of 6pm to 6am. Conclusion: Computerised trauma registry is needed urgently to highlight risk factors, circumstances, chain of events leading to accidents. Strict licensure procedure should be followed and minimum level of education should be imparted especially to younger age groups. Doing so will be helpful in policy making and health management in India.

scholarly journals Compliance of commercial motorcycle riders with road safety regulations in a peri-urban town of Ghana

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. e0246965
Author(s):  
Dorcas Hagan ◽  
Elvis E. Tarkang ◽  
Fortress Yayra Aku
Keyword(s):  
Road Safety ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Safety Regulations ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

Background While motorcycles are essential for moving people and goods, they are also, a significant contributor to Road Traffic Accidents (RTAs), making it a public health issue of concern globally. The Hohoe Municipal Hospital records increasing RTAs due to commercial motorcycles. Determining motorcycle riders’ compliance with road safety regulations is critical in helping to curb this menace. Method A cross-sectional study was employed involving a multistage sample of 238 motorcycle riders. Data were collected using a pretested structured questionnaire and entered into Epi Data version 3.2 software and exported to STATA software version 12 for analysis. Descriptive and inferential analyses were done while statistical significance was determined at 95% reliability interval and p-value of 0.05. Findings The level of compliance with road safety regulations among respondents was 59.2%. The mean age of respondents was 29.9 ± 7.9 years, and all respondents were males. Respondents who did not own their motorbikes were 0.39 times less likely to comply with road safety regulations compared to their counterparts who owned one, while those without alternate occupations were 0.51times less likely to comply with road safety regulations compared to those with an additional occupation. Those aged between 30–39 years and 40–49 years were 2.37 and 4.1 times more likely to comply with road safety regulations, respectively, compared to those aged ≤29 years, and those who did not smoke were 3.15 times more likely to comply with road safety regulations than those who smoked. Conclusion Compliance to safety regulations are fairly low and although motorcycle usage on a commercial basis is yet to be legalised in Ghana, routine education targeting riders who smoke, do not have alternate occupations, do not own motorbikes and younger riders will improve their compliance. Also, riders should be encouraged to obtain their license from the appropriate authorities.

scholarly journals EPIDEMIOLOGY OF TRAUMATIC DENTAL INJURIES AMONG ADULTS IN AN INDIAN SUB-POPULATION

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anupama RAMACHANDRAN ◽  
Sulthan Ibrahim Raja KHAN ◽  
Jagan Baskaradoss
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Pediatric Age Group ◽  
Anterior Teeth ◽  
Dental Hospital ◽  
Traumatic Dental Injuries ◽  
Maxilla And Mandible ◽  
Dental Injuries

Abstract Background The etiology, presentation and management of traumatic dental injuries (TDI’s) varies significantly between the adult and the younger population. Most epidemiological studies on TDI’s have focused on the pediatric age group. This study aims to report and compare the distributions of TDI’s among adults in a sub-population in India. Methods This prospective observational study was performed on 1562 consecutively selected patients (1218 Males and 344 females) from a University dental hospital in India, between July 2014 to June 2018. The clinical examinations were performed by a single trained and calibrated Endodontist. Only TDI’s to anterior teeth were recorded (canine to canine in the maxilla and mandible) and classified using a modified version of the WHO’s classification. Intraoral periapical and panoramic radiographs were also taken for all the subjects. Result A total of 1562 patients aged between 20 and 73 years, with a mean age of 36 years were examined during the study period. The total number of teeth with TDI’s were 3044. Males (78%) clearly outnumbered the females (22%) in all the age groups. The most common type of injury occurring in both the genders is uncomplicated crown fracture. Avulsion injuries are more likely to be seen by a dentist within 1hour post-trauma. About two third of the TDI’s were caused by road traffic accidents (RTA) followed by falls in about 20% of the patients. Conclusion Uncomplicated crown fracture was the most commonly observed type of TDI and RTA’s were the primary cause of TDI.

scholarly journals Identification of risk factors for road traffic accidents using injured drivers: a cross sectional study conducted in Sri-Lanka

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 4232
Author(s):  
Jayasekara J. M. K. B. ◽  
F. Masna Mowlana ◽  
Madhumali N. W. M. ◽  
Bandaranayaka H. M. T. ◽  
Hashari G. C. ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Young Male ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Teaching Hospitals ◽  
Road Traffic Accidents ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Technical Problems ◽  
Driving Experience

Background: Road traffic accidents are a significant cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide and a major cause of sudden deaths in Sri Lanka.Methods: This study was conducted to assess risk factors for RTAs using 360 injured drivers, admitted to the accident wards in two teaching hospitals in Kandy and Kurunegala using interviewer-administered questionnaires.Results: The majority of the study population (97%) was male and most drivers were 26-35 years of age. Motorcycles were the most common vehicle (79%) involved in RTAs and 47% of drivers had a driving experience of less than 10 years. The driving speed of 31-45 km/ h was reported in one-third of the RTAs and 76.9% of RTAs occurred on carpet roads mostly on Wednesdays and Fridays. Only 29 (8.055%) vehicles reported technical problems at the time of the RTA. There is a significant association (p<0.001) between the speed of the vehicle and the driving experience and the type of the vehicle and the age of the participants. There is an association between the type of the vehicle and the site of injury of drivers and between the speed of the vehicle and the usage of alcohol (P<0.01).Conclusions: Findings revealed that high risk for RTAs was amongst young male drivers, 26-35 years age range, who drove motorcycles. The most potential for RTAs to occur was on Fridays and Wednesdays and are more pronounced after 6 pm. The risk factors of RTAs are a result of a combination of several factors, as opposed to one.

Influence of environmental factors on road traffic accidents: Hospital based cross sectional study at Tirupati

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 52
Author(s):  
Bayapa Reddy N. ◽  
Shakeer Kahn P. ◽  
Surendra Babu D. ◽  
Khadervali N. ◽  
Chandrasekhar C. ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Road Traffic Accidents ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional
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