scholarly journals Patient Characteristics Associated with Non-Adherence to Anti Tuberculosis Treatment in Sri Lanka

2013 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 19-25
Author(s):  
KAS Jayawardena ◽  
C Sarukkali ◽  
AKSB De Alwis ◽  
S Samaraweera ◽  
D Waidyaratne ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Prospective Cohort Study ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Patient Characteristics ◽  
Educational Background ◽  
Tuberculosis Treatment ◽  
Tb Control ◽  
Tb Treatment ◽  
Default Rate

Introduction: Sri Lanka had achieved a significant improvement in the tuberculosis control including a reduction of the default rate since introduction of the DOTS strategy to the National TB control Programme  in 1997. Patients’ adherence to anti TB treatment may be measured using either process oriented or outcome oriented definitions. Default rate is an outcome oriented definition that may be used as an indicator of poor patient adherence to anti TB treatment. One of the main obstacles in achieving the best  tuberculosis (TB) control is that patients do not complete full course of anti TB treatment. A prospective cohort study was carried out with the objective to identify patient characteristics that associate with defaulting anti tuberculosis treatment. Methodology: This was a prospective cohort study of new smear positive pulmonary tuberculosis patients registered for treatment between 1.6.2008 and 31.8.2008 in seven districts in Sri Lanka. Data on the patient characteristics and the plan of management were collected at the beginning of the treatment using a pre tested structured questionnaire. During the follow up and at the end of the treatment, results of sputum microscopy and the treatment outcome were recorded. The patients who interrupted treatment for 2 months or more (defaulters) during the course of treatment were again investigated in the field. In the statistical analysis, patient characteristics of the defaulters were compared with the characteristics of patients who were cured. Results: There were 22 defaulters giving a default rate of 4.59%. Being a male, poor educational background, having a casual job, regular smoking, and regular alcohol use were significantly associated with defaulting treatment (p < 0.05). Sinhalese had lower default rate than other ethnic groups. At the field investigation, 43% of the defaulters were found not living in the addresses given to the treatment providers. Field investigators have further reported that financial reasons, substance abuse, feeling well, and lack of family support also as causes of defaulting treatment. Conclusion: Identification of risk factors by careful patient interview, early home visit, and monitoring of patient behaviour early in the course of treatment will help to predict whether adherence is likely to be a  problem. So that, the treatment provider will be able to arrange a flexible and patient centered approach to ensure maximum adherence. SAARC Journal of Tuberculosis, Lung Diseases & HIV/AIDS; 2012; IX(2) 19-25 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/saarctb.v9i2.7974

scholarly journals Nexus Between Tuberculosis and Diabetic Mellitus, A Prospective Cohort Study.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Berhanu Elfu Feleke ◽  
Teferi Elfu Feleke ◽  
Melkamu Beyene Kassahun ◽  
Wondemu Gebrekirose Adane ◽  
Abere Genetu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Treatment Outcome ◽  
Glycemic Control ◽  
Clinical Response ◽  
Treatment Outcomes ◽  
Median Time ◽  
Prospective Cohort Study ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Hba1c Level ◽  
Tb Treatment

Abstract Background: This work aimed to describe the clinical presentation of TB in patient with DM, to determine the effects of DM on TB treatment outcomes, to identify the effects of TB on glycemic control, and to describe the lipid profile of TB and DM patients. Methods: This prospective cohort study design was conducted. The data were collected from September 2018 to June 2020 using patient interviews, examining the patients, chart review, and collecting blood samples. Binary logistic regression was used to identify the determinants of TB treatment outcomes in the context of DM. Kaplan Meier survival curve was used to see the effects of DM on TB clinical response. Linear regression was used to identify the determinants of the HbA1c level during TB infection. Results: A total of 1092 study participants were included giving for the response rate at 93.81 %. Good TB treatment outcome was observed in 72.5 % of the patients [95 % CI: 69 % - 76 %]. The odds of good TB treatment outcomes were at 75 % lower in the presence of DM (AOR 0.25 [95 % CI: 0.08 – 0.73]). The median time of clinical response in TB and DM patients was 45 days interquartile range (IQR) of 8 days; the median time of clinical response in DM free TB patients was 9 days [IQR 2 days]. TB increased the HbA1c level of DM patients by 1.22 % (B 1.22 [95% CI: 1.11 – 1.34]). In six months period, 60 % of TB and DM patients had got 3 episodes of acute complications. Conclusion: DM significantly decreases the favorable treatment outcome of DOTS. TB predisposed DM patients for bad glycemic control and increased episodes of acute DM complications.

scholarly journals Effect of the Bolsa Familia Programme on the outcome of tuberculosis treatment: a prospective cohort study

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. e219-e226 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janaina Gomes Nascimento Oliosi ◽  
Barbara Reis-Santos ◽  
Rodrigo Leite Locatelli ◽  
Carolina Maia Martins Sales ◽  
Walter Gomes da Silva Filho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Prospective Cohort Study ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Tuberculosis Treatment ◽  
Bolsa Familia

scholarly journals Correction: Evaluation of a social protection policy on tuberculosis treatment outcomes: A prospective cohort study

PLoS Medicine ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. e1002826
Author(s):  
Karen Klein ◽  
Maria Paula Bernachea ◽  
Sarah Iribarren ◽  
Luz Gibbons ◽  
Cristina Chirico ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Treatment Outcomes ◽  
Prospective Cohort Study ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Social Protection ◽  
Tuberculosis Treatment ◽  
Protection Policy

scholarly journals Case fatality of agricultural pesticides after self-poisoning in Sri Lanka: a prospective cohort study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicholas A Buckley ◽  
Mohamed Fahim ◽  
Jacques Raubenheimer ◽  
Indika B Gawarammana ◽  
Michael Eddleston ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Prospective Cohort Study ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Case Fatality ◽  
Agricultural Pesticides

scholarly journals Impact of Comorbidities and COVID-19 on the Survival Rate of Geriatric Patients Receiving Anesthesia Services: A Prospective Cohort Study in Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nancy Margarita Rehatta ◽  
Chandra Susilo ◽  
Djayanti Sari ◽  
Mayang Indah Lestari ◽  
Tjokorda Gde Agung Senapathi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Survival Rate ◽  
Elderly Patients ◽  
Prospective Cohort Study ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Patient Characteristics ◽  
Medical Attention ◽  
Lower Survival Rate ◽  
Worldwide Population ◽  
Included Patient

Abstract Background As life expectancy increases, the worldwide population aged 60 years and older increases year by year. Consequently, more older people receive medical attention, especially those who undergo surgery. In addition, the COVID-19 pandemic has had a global impact on elderly patients, especially those undergoing surgery. This study aims to describe the characteristics and analyze the survival rate of elderly patients who receive anesthesia services, especially those with comorbidities and COVID-19. Methods A prospective cohort study at 14 central hospitals in Indonesia analyzed 1621 elderly patients (67.1 ± 6.2 years old). The variables that were recorded included patient characteristics, comorbidities, the COVID-19 status, and the survival rate, including 30-day mortality. Results The 30-day mortality was 4.4%. The most comorbidity was hypertension (30.0). Patients with a Charlson's Comorbidity Index Score of 3-4 had a higher death rate (15.3%). The highest mortality rates were in the patients who had dementia, rheumatologic disease, liver disease, previous myocardial infarction, and diabetes with chronic complications as comorbidities. The percent of patients with COVID-19 who died was 26.6%. Patients with several comorbidities and COVID-19 had a lower survival rate than those without (log-rank p<0.05) Conclusion Approximately four in ten elderly patients receiving anesthesia died, and the percent increased when the patients had comorbidities and COVID-19.

scholarly journals Predictors of unsuccessful tuberculosis treatment outcomes in children from a prospective cohort study in Pakistan

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meredith B Brooks ◽  
Amyn Malik ◽  
Salman Khan ◽  
Junaid F Ahmed ◽  
Sara Siddiqui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Treatment Outcomes ◽  
Prospective Cohort Study ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Tuberculosis Treatment
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