scholarly journals What Do Publishers Know?

2013 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 515-520
Author(s):  
Casey Brienza
Keyword(s):  
Open Access ◽  
Publishing Industry ◽  
Academic Publishing ◽  
Potential Contribution ◽  
Case Scenario ◽  
Worst Case ◽  
Short Contribution ◽  
Important Thing ◽  
The One ◽  
Better Than

In this short contribution to the open access debate, I will draw upon my expertise as a sociologist who has studied the publishing industry to argue that publishers do in fact have knowledge that is absolutely critical to an informed understanding of open access and how it may be successfully implemented. After providing an overview of who publishers are and what motivates them, along with some of often little-understood complexities of the academic publishing industry, I focus upon the one important thing that publishers understand very well—and far better than most academics—how publishing is funded. I then discuss why collaboration, not competition, between publishers and academics is the only real way forward and conclude with a warning to fellow academics that casually dismissing their potential contribution is both counterproductive and, in the worst case scenario, may threaten the future flourishing of our profession.

scholarly journals What Do Publishers Know?

2013 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 515-520
Author(s):  
Casey Brienza
Keyword(s):  
Open Access ◽  
Publishing Industry ◽  
Academic Publishing ◽  
Potential Contribution ◽  
Case Scenario ◽  
Worst Case ◽  
Short Contribution ◽  
Important Thing ◽  
The One ◽  
Better Than

In this short contribution to the open access debate, I will draw upon my expertise as a sociologist who has studied the publishing industry to argue that publishers do in fact have knowledge that is absolutely critical to an informed understanding of open access and how it may be successfully implemented. After providing an overview of who publishers are and what motivates them, along with some of often little-understood complexities of the academic publishing industry, I focus upon the one important thing that publishers understand very well—and far better than most academics—how publishing is funded. I then discuss why collaboration, not competition, between publishers and academics is the only real way forward and conclude with a warning to fellow academics that casually dismissing their potential contribution is both counterproductive and, in the worst case scenario, may threaten the future flourishing of our profession.

Topology Optimization of Dynamic Systems Under Uncertain Loads: An H∞-Norm-Based Approach

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Paolo Venini
Keyword(s):  
Topology Optimization ◽  
Structural Parameters ◽  
Goal Function ◽  
Dynamic Compliance ◽  
Case Scenario ◽  
Worst Case ◽  
Original Definition ◽  
Optimal Material ◽  
The One ◽  
Definition Of

An innovative approach to topology optimization of dynamic system is introduced that is based on the system transfer-function H∞-norm. As for the structure, the proposed strategy allows to determine the optimal material distribution that ensures the minimization of a suitable goal function, such as (an original definition of) the dynamic compliance. Load uncertainty is accounted for by means of a nonprobabilistic convex-set approach (Ben-Haim and Elishakoff, 1990, Convex Models of Uncertainty in Applied Mechanics, Elsevier Science, Amsterdam). At each iteration, the worst load is determined as the one that maximizes the current dynamic compliance so that the proposed strategy fits the so-called worst case scenario (WCS) approach. The overall approach consists of the repeated solution of the two steps (minimization of the dynamic compliance with respect to structural parameters and maximization of the dynamic compliance with respect to the acting load) until convergence is achieved. Results from representative numerical studies are eventually presented along with extensions to the proposed approach that are currently under development.

scholarly journals Intelligent design af fokusgrupper - om metodisk design af fokusgrupper og menneskets forskellige intelligenser

2008 ◽  
Vol 24 (45) ◽  
pp. 13
Author(s):  
Lene Heiselberg
Keyword(s):  
Focus Groups ◽  
Intelligent Design ◽  
Verbal Intelligence ◽  
Case Scenario ◽  
Worst Case ◽  
Apparent Lack ◽  
Self Confidence ◽  
Media Research ◽  
The One ◽  
Interviewing Techniques

Når man arbejder professionelt med at gennemføre kvalitative mini- og fokusgruppeanalyser, kan det ikke undgås, at man som moderator indimellem tænker: Hvorfor deltager hun ikke? Hvad kan jeg gøre for at inkludere hende i diskussionen? Ofte skyldes nogle deltageres manglende engagement, at mini- eller fokusgruppens metodiske design favoriserer de deltagere, som har en fremtrædende verbalsproglig intelligens, og samtidig ekskluderes de, der har andre fremtrædende intelligenser, fra at yde det maksimale. En sådan situation er meget uheldig og kan i værste fald give en undersøgelse bias. Derfor har vi i DR Medieforskning arbejdet med en pragmatisk tilgang til problemet, hvor vi har afprøvet et metodisk design, som inkluderer kvalitative interviewteknikker og procesværktøjer, som appellerer til samtlige intelligenser. Som et resultat af en målrettet indsats for at inkludere flere intelligenser i det metodiske design, oplever vi, at deltagerne har mere lyst til at engagere sig og gør det med større selvsikkerhed. Desuden oplever vi i mindre grad fænomenet “cognitive tuning” , og derfor kan vi arbejde med flere og bedre data i analyse- og fortolkningsfasen. Intelligent design of focus groups - article about methodological design of focus groups and the different intelligences When you work professionally with the conducting and moderating of qualitative mini- and focus groups, you can't avoid sometimes thinking: Why isn’t she participating? What can I do to include her in the discussion? A participant's apparent lack of enthusiasm is often caused by the methodological design of the focus group giving preference to participants who have an explicit verbal intelligence, and as a consequence excludes participants with other explicit intelligences from contributing. A situation like the one described above is very undesirable and in a worst-case scenario it can cause a study to be biased. In order to try to solve this problem DR Media Research applied a methodological design which includes qualitative interviewing techniques and processing tools, which appeal to all of the intelligences instead of just one. As a result of this work, we find that the participants are more eager to participate and that they do it with greater self-confidence. In addition we encounter less cognitive tuning, and are therefore able to work with richer data in the phases of analysis and interpretation.

MX2 Processor Module: Twice the Processors in Half the Volume

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Belady ◽  
Gary Williams ◽  
Shaun Harris
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Power Converter ◽  
Case Scenario ◽  
Worst Case ◽  
Physical Volume ◽  
Performance Per Watt ◽  
Innovative Solution ◽  
Order Of Magnitude ◽  
Processor Module ◽  
Better Than

Computer manufacturer’s are constantly trying to tweek more performance out of their existing products by using the highest performing processors. Typically, manufacturers upgrade the platforms by simply replacing the old processor with the latest speed processor. Like other manufacturers, HP generally follows this practice with the exception ot HP’s innovative mx2 module. This unique module used two Itanium-2 “Madison” processors packaged in the same physical volume as a single Itanium-2 processor. In addition, the module plugs into a standard Itanium-2 motherboard socket and requires no additional power capacity. As a result, the development team was able get 50% more performance [1] from a socket without increasing power by actively managing the power to the two processors. Thus, the performance per watt was substantially improved. This paper will provide an overview of some of the key packaging and power innovations that made the processor module a reality such as: 1) mezzanine power for space savings. The standard Itanium 2 processor has a power converter adjacent to the processor. HP engineers chose to put power on top of the processor which provided more room but made cooling the processors a challenge. 2) high performance mechnical gap filler. One of the biggest issues in the module was to develop a thermal gap filler that absorbed 0.060” of tolerance between the two processors. The thermal resistance of this technology was an order of magnitude better than anything commercially available in the industry. 3) Power Aware Architecture. This newly developed power mangement technology actively controls power to the processors. When system (thermal and power) extremes were exceeded by worst case abnormal code, the performance was throttled down until the worst case scenario had past. The combination of these advancements has delivered an innovative solution for a highly challenging design problem. This module is now shipping as the mx2 processor module in HP’s Integrity Servers and has been viewed as an engineering marvel by HP executives.

scholarly journals PERSONAL CONFLICTS OF INTEREST IN THE PUBLISHING ENTERPRISE: FOCUS ON JOURNAL EDITORS

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 215-221
Author(s):  
Jaime A. Teixeira da Silva
Keyword(s):  
Peer Review ◽  
Review Process ◽  
Conflicts Of Interest ◽  
Peer Review Process ◽  
Codes Of Conduct ◽  
Academic Publishing ◽  
Ethical Guidelines ◽  
Case Scenario ◽  
Worst Case ◽  
Peer Community

Editors play a central role and form an essential link in the publication process. Consequently, they hold considerable influence as to how the literature is molded, and what eventually gets published. In addition to their standard editorial responsibilities, holding that amount of power, editors have extremely high responsibilities to declare any conflicts of interest (COIs) internal to, and external to, the peer review process, particularly those involving personal relationships and networks. This is because they also exist in the peer community, can be high-profile public figures, and form a very unique and restricted – in terms of size, membership and exclusivity – set of individuals. Consequently, editors need to declare their COIs openly, transparently, and publicly on their editor board profiles, and as part of their curriculum vitae. Without such declarations, the greater risk is that editors might have unregulated freedom to enforce their own individual or group biases, through hidden relationships and networks, including the possibility of hiding instances of favoritism, cronyism and nepotism. In the worst-case scenario, this might reflect editorial corruption. Hidden COIs in authors, which tend to be the focus of the academic publishing establishment, including in codes of conduct and ethical guidelines such as those by COPE and the ICMJE, tend to down-play editorial COIs, or restrict them to scrutiny during the peer review process. This opinion piece examines whether there is a systemic problem with under-reported editorial COIs, particularly personal and non-financial COIs, that extend beyond the peer review process and their editorial positions. Greater awareness, debate, and education of this issue are needed.

scholarly journals The Open Access Interviews: Sir Timothy Gowers and Clifford Lynch

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Poynder
Keyword(s):  
Open Access ◽  
Publishing Industry ◽  
Academic Publishing ◽  
Institutional Repository ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Print Version ◽  
The Past ◽  
Discrete Analysis ◽  
Scholarly Publisher ◽  
First Interview

This is a print version of two interviews I posted on my blog in 2016 as part of a series entitled The Open Access Interviews. The first interview is with Cambridge mathematician Sir Timothy Gowers. In 2012 Gowers called for a boycott of the scholarly publisher Elsevier, and in 2106 he started an overlay journal called Discrete Analysis to demonstrate that a high-quality mathematics journal could be inexpensively produced outside of the traditional academic publishing industry. The second interview is with Clifford Lynch, the director of the Washington-based Coalition for Networked Information (CNI). This interview covers the past, present and possible futures of the Institutional Repository (IR). Both interviews are preceded with a lengthy introduction. I have also included in this booklet my response to some of the comments the interview with Clifford Lynch sparked.

China positions itself to exploit 'America First'

2017 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
South China Sea ◽  
South China ◽  
North Korea ◽  
The South China Sea ◽  
Strategic Partnership ◽  
Case Scenario ◽  
China Policy ◽  
Worst Case ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The One

Significance Trump affirmed US commitment to the 'one-China policy' vis-à-vis Taiwan, which he had questioned following his election. Nevertheless, Trump's willingness to raise the issue in the first place -- and his other post-election comments on North Korea and the South China Sea -- lead Beijing to expect an unprecedentedly rocky relationship with Washington during his term. Impacts Trump seems now to accept that questioning the one-China policy is taboo, but he could still provoke Beijing regarding Tibet. The combination of uncertain US policy and a China-sceptic government in Taipei will prompt Chinese preparations for a worst-case scenario. US-Russia rapprochement could complicate Beijing's strategic partnership with Moscow. Other governments stand to benefit from a Chinese 'charm offensive', as Beijing attempts to win friends rather than confront Washington.

scholarly journals Digitization: Does It Always Improve Access to Rare Books and Special Collections?

2017 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
pp. 177-179 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dale J. Correa
Keyword(s):  
Middle East ◽  
Case Scenario ◽  
Rare Book ◽  
Worst Case ◽  
Special Collections ◽  
State Archives ◽  
The One ◽  
Physical Access ◽  
Conflict Research ◽  
Middle East Studies

Abstract:In April 2016, the Israel State Archives announced the most recent stage of an ambitious project to digitize all of their holdings (potentially 400 million pages of material): the new archival website was ready online (Aderet). With the new website came the ability to request digital copies of documents, which would be available on the website within two weeks of the request (Aderet). However, researchers would now at the very least be discouraged from requesting access to the paper documents (Lozowick), or, in the worst-case scenario, be refused access to anything except the website (Baron and Newhall). Local scholars (including a prominent professor of history at Tel Aviv University), the Akevot Institute for Israeli-Palestinian Conflict Research, and the Middle East Studies Association of North America (which publishes the prestigious International Journal of Middle East Studies) registered concern with the restriction of physical access to the archive and issued public calls for a reversal of the decision (Akevot Institute). The conflict was between perceived best practices of digitization and of archival stewardship (represented by the State Archivist Dr. Yaacov Lozowick) on the one hand, and standards and expectations for scholarly research on the Middle East, which largely depends on archival and rare book collections, on the other.

scholarly journals Being an Italian medical student during the Covid-19 outbreak

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicolo Giuseppe Biavardi
Keyword(s):  
Medical Student ◽  
Case Scenario ◽  
Academic World ◽  
Worst Case ◽  
Worst Case Scenario ◽  
The World ◽  
E Learning ◽  
The One

Many students around the world have been wondering how their life will change since the very first outbreak of Covid-19. In my experience article I have tried to give a flavor of how has the academic world changed in quarantine. Difficulties and opportunities have been analyzed. Questions regarding the validity of e-learning have been posed. In an arduous period as the one we are experiencing, having an idea of what life could be in worst case scenario could be helpful.

One-stage procedure to establish osseointegration: a zero to five years follow-up report

1995 ◽  
Vol 109 (7) ◽  
pp. 593-598 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anders Tjellström ◽  
Gösta Granström
Keyword(s):  
Success Rate ◽  
Hearing Aids ◽  
Mastoid Process ◽  
Case Scenario ◽  
Two Stage ◽  
Worst Case ◽  
One Stage ◽  
The One ◽  
Lost To Follow Up

AbstractA cohort of 214 patients, who were operated on to insert implants in the mastoid process for the retention of bone-anchored hearing aids and auricular prostheses, was followed-up over a five-year period. About half the group were operated on using the conventional two-stage procedure allowing three to four months for osseointegration. In the second group (one-stage group) the skin penetrating coupling was connected at the time of the implant insertion. The success rate for stable implants was found to be the same in both groups. In the one-stage group four out of 161 implants inserted were lost and in the two stage group three out of 120. The cumulative success rate was also found to be the same. A ‘worst case’ table where patients lost to follow-up, patients who died during the study period, and patients who for some reason left the study is also included. The importance of this ‘worst case’ scenario when follow-up data are presented is discussed.

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