Antibiotic resistance and salmonella infection in pigs in Great Britain

We investigated the prevalence of Salmonella in chicken meat from northern, central, and southern Japan. Between 2006 and 2008, 821 samples from these three regions were collected and examined. Salmonella isolates were detected in 164 (20.0%) of these samples, with 15 (10.0%) of 150, 113 (27.5%) of 411, and 36 (13.8%) of 260 recovered from the northern, central, and southern regions, respectively. We recovered 452 Salmonella isolates. From the isolates, 27 serovars were identified; the predominant serovars isolated were Salmonella Infantis (n = 81), Salmonella Kalamu (n = 56), and Salmonella Schwarzengrund (n = 43). Of the 452 isolates, 443 (98.0%) were resistant to one or more antibiotics, and 221 (48.9%) showed multiple-antibiotic resistance, thereby implying that multiple-antibiotic resistant Salmonella organisms are widespread in chicken meat in Japan. Resistance to oxytetracycline was most common (72.6%), followed by dihydrostreptomycin (69.2%) and bicozamycin (49.1%). This study, the first to report Salmonella prevalence in chicken meat throughout Japan, could provide valuable data for monitoring and controlling Salmonella infection in the future.

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Salmonella infection in cattle in Great Britain, 2003 to 2008

Veterinary Record ◽

10.1136/vr.c4943 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 167 (15) ◽

pp. 560-565 ◽

Cited By ~ 24

Author(s):

J. J. Carrique-Mas ◽

J. A. Willmington ◽

C. Papadopoulou ◽

E. N. Watson ◽

R. H. Davies

Keyword(s):

Great Britain ◽

Salmonella Infection

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A survey of antibiotic resistance of Escherichia Coli isolated from farm animals in Great Britain from 1971 to 1977

Veterinary Record ◽

10.1136/vr.108.15.325 ◽

1981 ◽

Vol 108 (15) ◽

pp. 325-328 ◽

Cited By ~ 25

Author(s):

G. Jackson

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Antibiotic Resistance ◽

Great Britain ◽

Farm Animals

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Influence of Bambermycins on Salmonella Infection and Antibiotic Resistance in Calves

Journal of Animal Science ◽

10.2527/jas1977.445734x ◽

1977 ◽

Vol 44 (5) ◽

pp. 734-738 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Jean Dealy ◽

M. W. Moeller

Keyword(s):

Antibiotic Resistance ◽

Salmonella Infection

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A Mathematical Model for the Transmission of Salmonella Typhimurium within a Grower-Finisher Pig Herd in Great Britain

Journal of Food Protection ◽

10.4315/0362-028x-67.11.2403 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 67 (11) ◽

pp. 2403-2409 ◽

Cited By ~ 23

Author(s):

RENATA IVANEK ◽

EMMA L. SNARY ◽

ALASDAIR J. C. COOK ◽

YRJÖ T. GRÖHN

Keyword(s):

Mathematical Model ◽

Great Britain ◽

Salmonella Typhimurium ◽

Monitoring Program ◽

Salmonella Infection ◽

Internal Organs ◽

Infected Farm ◽

Effective Contact ◽

Human Salmonellosis ◽

Slaughter Age

In a study of pigs slaughtered at British abattoirs, approximately 23% carried Salmonella in their cecal (large intestine) contents. The most frequent serotype was Salmonella Typhimurium (STM), which was the second most common cause of human salmonellosis in Great Britain. A pig industry–monitoring program was developed to reduce Salmonella infection on British farms. The control of STM infection on the farm requires an understanding of STM transmission dynamics within the herd, and a mathematical model has been developed for an infected grower-finisher farm. The model estimates the probability of a random pig being infected with STM. There are three broad categories of STM infection in pigs: pigs that are infected but unable to transmit the infection (latent); pigs that are infectious, i.e., able to transmit the infection (shedders); and pigs that have stopped shedding but harbor STM in their internal organs (carriers). The model estimates that 21.0% (5th and 95th percentiles, 0.05 to 77.5%) of slaughter-age pigs on an infected farm are likely to be shedding STM. Although this range is wide, it is biologically plausible. Sensitivity analysis of the total number of infected pigs revealed that the most significant input parameters are the probability of effective contact between a specific infectious and susceptible pig and the duration of shedding. The model predicted that 11.5% of pigs would be shedding STM at slaughter age. This value is close to the estimate obtained from a British abattoir survey that 11.1% of pigs carried STM in their ceca, indicating that the model has reasonable validity.

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Antibiotic resistance levels in soils from urban and rural land uses in Great Britain

Access Microbiology ◽

10.1099/acmi.0.000181 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Kieran Osbiston ◽

Anne Oxbrough ◽

Lorena Teresa Fernández-Martínez

Keyword(s):

Land Use ◽

Antibiotic Resistance ◽

Great Britain ◽

Community Dynamics ◽

Agricultural Land ◽

Animal Health ◽

Resistant Bacteria ◽

Land Uses ◽

Microbial Community Dynamics ◽

Significant Difference

Although soil is one of the largest microbial diversity reservoirs, the processes that define its microbial community dynamics are not fully understood. Improving our understanding of the levels of antibiotic resistance in soils with different land uses in Great Britain is not only important for the protection of animal health (including humans), but also for gaining an insight into gene transfer levels in microbial communities. This study looked at the levels of antibiotic-resistant bacteria (ARB) able to survive inhibitory concentrations of chloramphenicol, erythromycin and vancomycin, as well as subinhibitory (10 µg ml−1) erythromycin concentrations. Soils from nine different sites across Great Britain with three distinct land uses (agricultural, urban and semi-natural) were sampled and the percentage of ARB was calculated for each site. Statistical analyses confirmed a significant difference in the level of ARB found in agricultural land compared to urban or semi-natural sites. The results also showed that resistance levels to vancomycin and chloramphenicol in the agricultural and urban sites sampled were significantly higher than those for erythromycin, whilst in semi-natural sites all three antibiotics show similar resistance levels. Finally, although the levels of resistance to a subinhibitory (10 µg ml−1) erythromycin concentration were significantly higher across land use types when compared to the levels of resistance to an inhibitory (20 µg ml−1) concentration, these were much less marked in soil from agricultural land compared to that from urban or semi-natural land use soil.

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