Economic Analysis of Bridge Rehabilitation Options Considering Life-Cycle Costs

1998 ◽  
Vol 1624 (1) ◽  
pp. 8-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruce Johnson ◽  
Tim Powell ◽  
Cesar Queiroz
Keyword(s):  
Economic Analysis ◽  
Net Present Value ◽  
Rehabilitation Program ◽  
Life Cycle Costs ◽  
Bridge Inspection ◽  
Bridge Rehabilitation ◽  
Cost Efficient ◽  
Inspection Data ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Selection Of

A method is described for performing an economic analysis of a large number of bridges to establish priorities and to make preliminary selection of rehabilitation options. Selecting the most cost-efficient rehabilitation scheme for bridges is a critical problem when resources are limited. The information required to perform the analysis is normally available from basic bridge inspection data. The method compares the cost and benefits of various rehabilitation alternatives with the consequences of not undertaking the rehabilitation. A program of bridge works can be selected on the basis of the highest ratios of net present value to capital cost. The computations are well suited to common spreadsheet computer programs. From the results of the computations, owners can prepare an appropriate budget to finance a bridge rehabilitation program. The method is particularly well suited to analyzing how expenditures should be allocated over time when funds are limited.

scholarly journals Economic Analysis of the Use of VCS2000 for Pork Carcass Meat Yield Grading in Korea

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 1297
Author(s):  
Juntae Kim ◽  
Hyo-Dong Han ◽  
Wang Yeol Lee ◽  
Collins Wakholi ◽  
Jayoung Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Analysis ◽  
Net Present Value ◽  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
Cost Ratio ◽  
Benefit Analysis ◽  
Labor Costs ◽  
Meat Yield ◽  
The Cost

Currently, the pork industry is incorporating in-line automation with the aim of increasing the slaughtered pork carcass throughput while monitoring quality and safety. In Korea, 21 parameters (such as back-fat thickness and carcass weight) are used for quality grading of pork carcasses. Recently, the VCS2000 system—an automatic meat yield grading machine system—was introduced to enhance grading efficiency and therefore increase pork carcass production. The VCS2000 system is able to predict pork carcass yield based on image analysis. This study also conducted an economic analysis of the system using a cost—benefit analysis. The subsection items of the cost-benefit analysis considered were net present value (NPV), internal rate of return (IRR), and benefit/cost ratio (BC ratio), and each method was verified through sensitivity analysis. For our analysis, the benefits were grouped into three categories: the benefits of reducing labor costs, the benefits of improving meat yield production, and the benefits of reducing pig feed consumption through optimization. The cost-benefit analysis of the system resulted in an NPV of approximately 615.6 million Korean won, an IRR of 13.52%, and a B/C ratio of 1.65.

Implementation of Virtual Reality in Routine Bridge Inspection

2003 ◽  
Vol 1827 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
David V. Jáuregui ◽  
Kenneth R. White
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Easy Access ◽  
Bridge Management ◽  
Bridge Inspection ◽  
Image Creation ◽  
Bridge Inspections ◽  
Recorded Data ◽  
Media Types ◽  
Inspection Data ◽  
Selection Of

The innovative use of QuickTime Virtual Reality (QTVR) and panoramic image–creation utilities for recording field observations and measurements during routine bridge inspections is reported. A virtual reality approach provides the ability to document a bridge’s physical condition by using different media types at a significantly higher level of detail than is possible in a written bridge inspection report. Digitally recorded data can be stored on compact disc for easy access before, during, or after an inspection. The development of a QTVR bridge record consists of four major steps: selection of the camera stations, acquisition of the digital images, creation of cylindrical or cubic panoramas, and rendering of the QTVR file. Specific details related to these steps are provided, as applied to various bridge inspection projects. The potential impact of QTVR on bridge management—in which routine inspection data are a factor in making decisions regarding the future maintenance, rehabilitation, or replacement of a bridge—is discussed.

scholarly journals Thermo-economic comparative analysis of gas turbine GT10 integrated with air and steam bottoming cycle

2014 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 83-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Czaja ◽  
Tadeusz Chmielnak ◽  
Sebastian Lepszy
Keyword(s):  
Economic Analysis ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Small Range ◽  
Exhaust Gas ◽  
Thermodynamic Optimization ◽  
Technological Structure ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Selection Of

Abstract A thermodynamic and economic analysis of a GT10 gas turbine integrated with the air bottoming cycle is presented. The results are compared to commercially available combined cycle power plants based on the same gas turbine. The systems under analysis have a better chance of competing with steam bottoming cycle configurations in a small range of the power output capacity. The aim of the calculations is to determine the final cost of electricity generated by the gas turbine air bottoming cycle based on a 25 MW GT10 gas turbine with the exhaust gas mass flow rate of about 80 kg/s. The article shows the results of thermodynamic optimization of the selection of the technological structure of gas turbine air bottoming cycle and of a comparative economic analysis. Quantities are determined that have a decisive impact on the considered units profitability and competitiveness compared to the popular technology based on the steam bottoming cycle. The ultimate quantity that can be compared in the calculations is the cost of 1 MWh of electricity. It should be noted that the systems analyzed herein are power plants where electricity is the only generated product. The performed calculations do not take account of any other (potential) revenues from the sale of energy origin certificates. Keywords: Gas turbine air bottoming cycle, Air bottoming cycle, Gas turbine, GT10

scholarly journals VIABILIDADE ECONÔMICA DA PRODUÇÃO DE CARVÃO VEGETAL EM DOIS SISTEMAS PRODUTIVOS

FLORESTA ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 143 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aylson Costa Oliveira ◽  
Thiago Taglialegna Salles ◽  
Bárbara Luísa Corradi Pereira ◽  
Angélica De Cássia Oliveira Carneiro ◽  
Camila Soares Braga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Analysis ◽  
Net Present Value ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Planning Horizon ◽  
Economic Viability ◽  
Present Value ◽  
Charcoal Production ◽  
Average Annual Production ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Benefit Cost

O objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar a viabilidade econômica da produção de carvão vegetal em dois sistemas produtivos: oito fornos de superfície acoplados a uma fornalha para queima de gases e dez fornos do tipo “rabo-quente” sem sistema de queima de gases. Para análise econômica, definiu-se uma produção anual média igual a 1.571 metros cúbicos de carvão (mdc) e horizonte de planejamento de 12 anos, sendo propostos 2 cenários. No primeiro cenário, após a colheita da madeira, realiza-se o plantio de uma nova floresta, permanecendo o custo da madeira constante em todo o planejamento; no segundo cenário, após a colheita, considerou-se a condução da brotação, reduzindo os custos na 2ª rotação e consequentemente os custos da madeira. A análise econômica foi realizada através da determinação dos seguintes indicadores: Valor Presente Líquido (VPL), Valor Anual Equivalente (VAE), Razão Benefício/Custo (B/C) e Lucratividade. Os indicadores calculados demonstraram a viabilidade dos dois sistemas produtivos avaliados em ambos os cenários propostos, porém o sistema fornos-fornalha apresentou melhores valores para os indicadores. Conclui-se que a produção de carvão vegetal nos sistemas avaliados foram viáveis economicamente, com o sistema fornos-fornalha gerando maior lucro ao produtor de carvão.Palavras-chave: Fornos de alvenaria; análise determinística; valor presente líquido. Abstract Economic viability of charcoal production in two production systems. The objective of this study was to analyze the economic viability of charcoal production in two conversion technologies: eight surface kilns coupled to a furnace for burning gases (kilns-furnace system) and ten "rabo-quente" or traditional charcoal kilns without burning gases system. An average annual production of 1571 cubic meters of charcoal (mdc) was used to perform the economic analysis. A planning horizon of 12 years and two scenarios were proposed. In the first scenario, after harvesting the wood, the planting of a new forest was performed, and the cost of wood remained constant throughout the planning horizon. In the second scenario, after the harvest, the conduction of shooting was considered, which reduced costs in the second rotation and consequently the cost of wood. The economic analysis was performed by determining the following indicators: Net Present Value (NPV), Equivalent Annual Value (EAV) and Benefit - Cost Reason (B/C). Calculated indicators demonstrated the viability of producing charcoal in the two production systems in both scenarios proposed, but kilns-furnace system presented better values. As conclusion, production of charcoal in the evaluated systems were economically viable. Kilns-furnace system was able to generate more profit to charcoal producer.Keywords: Kilns; deterministic analysis; net present value.

scholarly journals Mutanome Engineered RNA Immunotherapy: Towards Patient-Centered Tumor Vaccination

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mathias Vormehr ◽  
Barbara Schrörs ◽  
Sebastian Boegel ◽  
Martin Löwer ◽  
Özlem Türeci ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Target Selection ◽  
Efficient Production ◽  
Patient Centered ◽  
Sequencing Technologies ◽  
Cost Efficient ◽  
Potent Drug ◽  
Personalized Cancer ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Synthetic Mrna ◽  
Selection Of

Advances in nucleic acid sequencing technologies have revolutionized the field of genomics, allowing the efficient targeting of mutated neoantigens for personalized cancer vaccination. Due to their absence during negative selection of T cells and their lack of expression in healthy tissue, tumor mutations are considered as optimal targets for cancer immunotherapy. Preclinical and early clinical data suggest that synthetic mRNA can serve as potent drug format allowing the cost efficient production of highly efficient vaccines in a timely manner. In this review, we describe a process, which integrates next generation sequencing based cancer mutanome mapping,in silicotarget selection and prioritization approaches, and mRNA vaccine manufacturing and delivery into a process we refer to as MERIT (mutanome engineered RNA immunotherapy).

Techno-Economic Analysis of a PV-Battery System for a Commercial Building Under Different Utility Rate Structures

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anupam Raj ◽  
T. Agami Reddy
Keyword(s):  
Economic Analysis ◽  
Net Present Value ◽  
Electricity Demand ◽  
Commercial Building ◽  
Battery Storage ◽  
Pv System ◽  
Pv Systems ◽  
Battery Packs ◽  
Utility Rate ◽  
The Cost

The synergy between solar photovoltaic (PV) systems and behind-the-meter battery storage to reduce utility costs in buildings has drawn increasing attention. This paper presents results of a case study involving an economic analysis of battery-supported PV systems for an existing two-story commercial building in Albuquerque, New Mexico under different utility rate tariffs. The building, with 17,430 ft2 conditioned area, has been modeled in a detailed building energy simulation program, and hourly building electricity demand data and electricity demand generated using Typical Meteorological Year 2 (TMY2) weather file. The effect of strategies leading to demand leveling and demand limiting have also been discussed. Parametric analysis using System Advisor Model (SAM) software has been performed to determine the optimal sizing of the PV and battery systems for the given electric demand profiles under the assumed utility rate tariffs which will result in largest net present value (NPV). The results have been found to be highly sensitive to the costs of the PV systems and battery packs. Under the assumed realistic circumstances, we find that the inclusion of a battery pack in either a new or existing PV system does not improve the NPV even when the cost of battery storage is reduced from its current $250/kWh down to an unrealistic $50/kWh.

scholarly journals Selection of a chipper technology for small-scale operations – a Finnish case

2019 ◽  
Vol 65 (No. 4) ◽  
pp. 121-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juha Laitila ◽  
Robert Prinz ◽  
Lauri Sikanen
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Net Present Value ◽  
Unit Cost ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Operating Costs ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Technical Details ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Cost Factors ◽  
Selection Of

The objective of this study was to determine the economic performance of alternative chipper choices for small-scale chipping based on unit cost (€ per chip-m3) and net present value (NPV) calculations. For the chipping cost and investment profitability analyses four tractor-powered professional or semi-professional disc chippers and two professional drum chippers mounted on a truck or powered by tractor were selected. Initial investment, operating costs, and the cost of outsourced chipping were the key elements for comparing the profitability of investment alternatives. The average purchase prices, cost factors, and technical details of the chipper units were acquired from machine dealers, specification sheets, a literature review, and interviews with chipping entrepreneurs. The results of the three tractor-powered professional chippers involved in the comparison were very close to each other. The profitable running of a truck-mounted drum chipper calls for high annual chipping volumes: the chipper type is therefore a feasible choice for an entrepreneur in large-scale chipping. Semi-professional disc chippers offer lower investment costs, but their economic feasibility is relatively poor.

A bridge-rehabilitation strategy based on the analysis of a bridge-inspection data set

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liam Dromey ◽  
Kieran Ruane ◽  
John J. Murphy ◽  
Brian O’Rourke ◽  
Seán Lacey
Keyword(s):  
Bridge Inspection ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Bridge Rehabilitation ◽  
Inspection Data ◽  
Rehabilitation Strategy

scholarly journals THE EFFICIENCY ANALYSIS OF FOUNDATIONS FOR BUILDINGS WITH BEARING WALLS FOR LITHUANIAN SOIL CONDITIONS

2014 ◽  
Vol 20 (6) ◽  
pp. 893-898
Author(s):  
Saulius Sušinskas ◽  
Zenonas Turskis ◽  
Andrius Stasiškis ◽  
Jonas Valickas ◽  
Žymantas Rudžionis
Keyword(s):  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Life Cycle Costs ◽  
Construction Time ◽  
In Situ Investigation ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Mode Of Production

The paper deals with selection of foundations for bearing walls of residential buildings depending on the strength of soil and taking into account the economic benefit. Based on in-situ investigation of soil conditions in different Lithuanian regions and construction technologies, it was found that the cost of foundations comprise 2.5–6% of total costs, and takes up 6–10% of construction time. Strip and pile foundations were analysed taking into account dimensions and mode of production. The proposed case study model enables to save up to 30–50% of foundation costs. It has a significant influence on entire life cycle costs of.

Rehabilitation of bridges using aluminum decks

2001 ◽  
Vol 28 (6) ◽  
pp. 992-1002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Arrien ◽  
Josée Bastien ◽  
Denis Beaulieu
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Modeling ◽  
Economic Analysis ◽  
Bridge Deck ◽  
Bridge Decks ◽  
Grid Method ◽  
Economic Study ◽  
Bridge Rehabilitation ◽  
Traffic Loads ◽  
The Cost

The rehabilitation of highway and road bridges is without any question one of today's major challenges. It is to keep up with this challenge that this paper presents an innovative bridge rehabilitation technique which consists in using aluminum decking to replace deteriorated bridge decks. Numerical modeling was carried out on a favored type of decking in order to study and analyze its performance under Canadian traffic loads. Also, an economic analysis was made on a case-study bridge, in order to compare the costs of the proposed technique to the cost of the method currently used by the Quebec Ministry of Transportation for the rehabilitation of certain types of bridge deck.Key words: aluminum, bridge, deck, economic study, extrusion, grid method, rehabilitation.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document