Statewide Assessment of Broader Economic Benefits from Transportation Investment: Integration of Travel Demand Models and SHRP 2 Project C11 Tools in Maryland

2015 ◽  
Vol 2531 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eirini Kastrouni ◽  
Elham Shayanfar ◽  
Paul M. Schonfeld ◽  
Subrat Mahapatra ◽  
Lei Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Travel Demand ◽  
Public Investment ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Federal State ◽  
Travel Time Reliability ◽  
Demand Model ◽  
Investment Projects ◽  
Demand Models ◽  
State And Local ◽  
Local Agencies

Project selection and prioritization are of utmost importance to federal, state, and local agencies and should be performed cautiously on the basis of expected project costs and benefits. Informed resource allocation decisions with respect to project candidates not only maximize public investment benefits but create economic opportunities and ultimately improve quality of life. With the use of tools readily available to most state agencies (e.g., travel demand models), along with the open-source SHRP 2 Project C11 tools, planners and engineers can proceed with informed statewide assessments of investment projects that yield benefits in market accessibility, travel time reliability, and connectivity. In this study, a seven-level framework was proposed to integrate a travel demand model with the SHRP 2 Project C11 tools and to showcase its functionality with the Intercounty Connector (ICC) MD-200 in Maryland as a case study. After a customized version of the SHRP 2 tools was developed in which Maryland-specific values were used in lieu of the default SHRP 2 parameters, the results suggested that, in the year 2030, a total increase of approximately 1% in buyer–supplier market accessibility would be achieved in the counties that surrounded the ICC as a result of the new construction. Also, all three corridors parallel to the ICC, which served similar origin–destination pairs, would experience a decrease in recurring and incident delays attributable to the ICC. In dollar terms, the value of the total annual benefits from the ICC construction in the year 2030 would amount to approximately $200 million.

scholarly journals Exploratory Spatial Data Analysis of Traffic Forecasting: A Case Study

2022 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 964
Author(s):  
Derek Hungness ◽  
Raj Bridgelall
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Spatial Data ◽  
Travel Demand ◽  
The United States ◽  
Sustainable Transportation ◽  
Spatial Data Analysis ◽  
Federal State ◽  
Exploratory Spatial Data Analysis ◽  
Demand Model ◽  
State And Local

Transportation planning has historically relied on statistical models to analyze travel patterns across space and time. Recently, an urgency has developed in the United States to address outdated policies and approaches to infrastructure planning, design, and construction. Policymakers at the federal, state, and local levels are expressing greater interest in promoting and funding sustainable transportation infrastructure systems to reduce the damaging effects of pollutive emissions. Consequently, there is a growing trend of local agencies transitioning away from the traditional level-of-service measures to vehicle miles of travel (VMT) measures. However, planners are finding it difficult to leverage their investments in their regional travel demand network models and datasets in the transition. This paper evaluates the applicability of VMT forecasting and impact assessment using the current travel demand model for Dane County, Wisconsin. The main finding is that exploratory spatial data analysis of the derived data uncovered statistically significant spatial relationships and interactions that planners cannot sufficiently visualize using other methods. Planners can apply these techniques to identify places where focused VMT remediation measures for sustainable networks and environments can be most cost-effective.

Regional Bicycle Network Evaluation and Strategic Planning: A Quantitative Methodological Approach Despite Limited Data Sources for Cycling

2021 ◽  
pp. 036119812110288
Author(s):  
Alex van Dulmen ◽  
Martin Fellendorf
Keyword(s):  
Travel Demand ◽  
Choice Model ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Data Availability ◽  
Data Sources ◽  
Test Case ◽  
Demand Model ◽  
Limited Data ◽  
Demand Models ◽  
Bicycle Infrastructure

In cases where budgets and space are limited, the realization of new bicycle infrastructure is often hard, as an evaluation of the existing network or the benefits of new investments is rarely possible. Travel demand models can offer a tool to support decision makers, but because of limited data availability for cycling, the validity of the demand estimation and trip assignment are often questionable. This paper presents a quantitative method to evaluate a bicycle network and plan strategic improvements, despite limited data sources for cycling. The proposed method is based on a multimodal aggregate travel demand model. Instead of evaluating the effects of network improvements on the modal split as well as link and flow volumes, this method works the other way around. A desired modal share for cycling is set, and the resulting link and flow volumes are the basis for a hypothetical bicycle network that is able to satisfy this demand. The current bicycle network is compared with the hypothetical network, resulting in preferable actions and a ranking based on the importance and potentials to improve the modal share for cycling. Necessary accompanying measures for other transport modes can also be derived using this method. For example, our test case, a city in Austria with 300,000 inhabitants, showed that a shift of short trips in the inner city toward cycling would, without countermeasures, provide capacity for new longer car trips. The proposed method can be applied to existing travel models that already contain a mode choice model.

scholarly journals Addressing Household Income Distribution in Air Travel Demand Models: Case Study of the Baltimore–Washington Region

2019 ◽  
Vol 2673 (1) ◽  
pp. 491-502 ◽  
Author(s):  
Geoffrey D. Gosling ◽  
David Ballard
Keyword(s):  
Income Distribution ◽  
Household Income ◽  
Travel Demand ◽  
Metropolitan Region ◽  
Annual Data ◽  
Demand Model ◽  
Passenger Demand ◽  
Average Household Income ◽  
Demand Models ◽  
The Future

The paper describes the development of an air passenger demand model for the Baltimore–Washington metropolitan region that was undertaken as part of a recently concluded ACRP project that explored the use of disaggregated socioeconomic data in air passenger demand studies. The model incorporated a variable reflecting the change in household income distribution, together with more traditional aggregate causal variables: population, employment, average household income, and airfares as measured by the average U.S. airline yield, as well as several year-specific dummy variables. The model was estimated on annual data for the period 1990 to 2010 and obtained statistically significant estimated coefficients for all variables, including both the average household income and the household income distribution variable. Including household income distribution in the model resulted in a significant change to the estimated coefficient for average household income, giving a much higher estimated elasticity of demand with respect to average household income compared with a model that does not consider changes in household income distribution. This has important implications for the use of such demand models for forecasting, as household income distribution and average household income may change in the future in quite different ways, which would affect the future levels of air passenger travel projected by the models.

Transferability of aggregate intercity total demand models

1995 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 283-291
Author(s):  
Amal S. Kumarage ◽  
S. C. Wirasinghe
Keyword(s):  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Public Transportation ◽  
Travel Demand ◽  
Contextual Factors ◽  
Demand Model ◽  
Aggregate Model ◽  
Demand Models ◽  
Intercity Travel ◽  
Model Transfer ◽  
Contextual Characteristics

Over the last 15 years, extensive research has been done on the transferability of travel demand models. However, much of this work has been concentrated towards investigating the transferability of disaggregate mode choice models. The transferability of an aggregate total demand model for intercity travel is examined. Model transfer is possible only when a number of preconditions for transferability are satisfied. One of the principal obstacles to the successful transfer of intercity demand models is the inability to overcome the contextual differences between calibration and application. Here, the components of the intercity total demand model are separated into exogenous and intrinsic (contextual) factors. The latter is thereafter classified as being either transferable or nontransferable. It is shown that transferable attributes can accompany a model during transfer. Nontransferable attributes, on the other hand, will free the model of city or city-pair specific contextual characteristics which should not be transferred to other city pairs. The issues involved in transferring an aggregate model are also investigated. Aggregate data on interdistrict travel by public transportation in Sri Lanka have been used to successfully calibrate a total demand model with a number of transferable and nontransferable attributes that represent both temporal and spatial contextual factors. It is shown that the forecasting ability of this model is far superior to a counterpart model without the intrinsic variables. Key words: travel demand, aggregate, forecasting, transferability, intercity, Sri Lanka.

TRAINING AND DOCUMENTATION1

1995 ◽  
Vol 1995 (1) ◽  
pp. 1011-1011
Author(s):  
Michael D. Cain ◽  
Linda C. George
Keyword(s):  
Oil Spill ◽  
Administrative Support ◽  
Tracking System ◽  
Federal State ◽  
Regulatory Requirements ◽  
Response Training ◽  
Oil Spill Response ◽  
State And Local ◽  
Local Agencies

ABSTRACT This presentation will visually demonstrate information on oil spill response training and documentation for compliance with current requirements, with a link to the response training and documentation requirements of international, federal, state, and local agencies. Administrative support and a computer-generated tracking system are used to assist in compliance with these regulatory requirements.

scholarly journals How Do California’s Local Governments Fund Surface Transportation? A Guide to Revenue Sources

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Asha Weinstein Agrawal ◽  
Kevin Yong Lee ◽  
Serena Alexander
Keyword(s):  
Local Governments ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Federal State ◽  
Transportation Services ◽  
Revenue Sources ◽  
Surface Transportation ◽  
Local Sources ◽  
State And Local ◽  
Local Agencies ◽  
Looking Back

California local agencies raise the revenue to support high-quality transportation services and infrastructure from a patchwork of federal, state, and local sources. To assist policymakers and transportation experts as they explore options for creating a more sustainable funding system, this report presents an overview of the taxes and fees that currently generate revenue ultimately dedicated to paying for transportation at the sub-state—or “local”—level. The discussion covers federal and state as well as local sources. The report also traces the evolving contribution from each level of government for expenditures on California’s local streets and roads and public transit, looking back two decades. The report concludes with a discussion of options for increasing local transportation revenue

scholarly journals Dietary Recommendation for Survival During COVID-19

2021 ◽  
pp. 138-145
Author(s):  
Shalini H. Moon ◽  
Manjusha Mahakarkar
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Large Family ◽  
Good Health ◽  
Federal State ◽  
Public Health Officials ◽  
People First ◽  
State And Local ◽  
Local Agencies ◽  
Fresh Foods ◽  
Corona Viruses

Corona viruses are a large family of viruses that exist in many different species of animals including camels, bovine animals, and bats. The new strain of corona virus identified as the cause of outbreaks of respiratory disease in people first detected in Wuhan, China, was COVID-19.WHO has published a new guide on how to eat healthily during the COVID-19 COVID pandemic and self-quarantine.The guideline contains valuable information about nutrition to help keep the immune system strong. It also has tips for a diet that supports good health while advised to stay at home and may have less opportunity to consume fresh foods and be physically active.The FDA continues important research to protect public health during the COVID-19 pandemic along with other federal, state , and local agencies and public health officials around the country [1,2,3]. 

The Case of Public Capital Budgeting and Management Processes in the United States

2019 ◽  
pp. 23-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalia B. Ermasova ◽  
Carol Ebdon
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Public Investment ◽  
Public Capital ◽  
Capital Budgeting ◽  
The United States ◽  
Federal State ◽  
Public Infrastructure ◽  
Positive Theory ◽  
State And Local ◽  
Main Components

This chapter provides a case study from the United States regarding public capital budgeting and management on the federal, state, and local levels. The U.S. case of the public investment process (or positive theory for United States public investment) is described and compared with the normative theory outlined in Chapter 1 to understand the deviation between the positive and normative theories. This chapter presents an analysis of four main components of the USA capital budgeting system including (1) long-term public capital planning, (2) annual public budgeting and financing, (3) project execution, and (4) public infrastructure evaluation. In addition, this chapter shows public infrastructure needs and financing issues in the United States.

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