Novel Area Occupancy–Based Method for Passenger Car Unit Estimation on Multilane Urban Roads Under Heterogeneous Traffic Scenario

2017 ◽  
Vol 2615 (1) ◽  
pp. 82-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raunak Mishra ◽  
Pallav Kumar ◽  
Shriniwas S. Arkatkar ◽  
Ashoke Kumar Sarkar ◽  
Gaurang J. Joshi
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Flow ◽  
Performance Measure ◽  
Area Ratio ◽  
Heterogeneous Traffic ◽  
Passenger Car ◽  
Traffic Conditions ◽  
Passenger Car Unit ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Traffic Volumes ◽  
Measure Of Performance

This research was aimed at developing an area occupancy–based method for estimating passenger car unit (PCU) values for vehicle categories under heterogeneous traffic conditions on multilane urban roads for a wide range of traffic flow levels. First, PCU values of vehicle categories were determined according to the Transport and Road Research Laboratory definition and replaced the commonly considered measure of performance speed with area occupancy using simulation. The PCU values obtained were found to be significantly different for different volume-to-capacity ratios; this result shows that the PCU value is dynamic in nature. While the dynamic nature of PCU values is well appreciated, practitioners may prefer a single set of optimized PCU values (unique for each vehicle category). Hence, a new method with a matrix solution was proposed to estimate the optimized or unique set of PCU values with area occupancy as the performance measure. To check the credibility of the proposed method, the estimated PCU values were compared from existing guidelines regulated by the Indian Roads Congress (IRC) and values estimated with the widely accepted dynamic PCU concept of speed–area ratio. Results show that the PCU values suggested by IRC and the dynamic PCU concept using the speed–area ratio underestimate and overestimate the flows, respectively, at different traffic volumes. However, the values obtained with the area-occupancy concept were found to be consistent with the traffic flow in a cars-only traffic situation at different flow conditions. The derived set of optimized PCU values proposed can be useful for traffic engineers, researchers, and practitioners for capacity and level-of-service analysis under heterogeneous traffic conditions.

scholarly journals Study of Traffic Volume and its Safety Measurement at Dadabari Circle, Career Point University, Kota

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (01) ◽  
Author(s):  
Raj Pratap Singh ◽  
Himanshu Tekwani ◽  
Bhavesh Joshi ◽  
Pratheek Sudhakaran ◽  
Jitendra Singh
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Flow ◽  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Traffic Volume ◽  
Heterogeneous Traffic ◽  
Traffic Condition ◽  
Passenger Car ◽  
The Road ◽  
Traffic Lane ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
On The Road

The knowledge of traffic volume is an important basic input required for planning, analysis and operation of roadway systems. A significant effort has been made in order to study the Traffic Volume of Dadabari Chauraha. For better understanding of the present status of traffic flow at the junction, traffic survey is conducted. The safe and time efficient movement of the people and goods is dependent on Traffic flow, which is directly connected to the traffic characteristics. In Traffic Flow we have to consider generally three parameters, Volume, Speed, and Capacity. While as a traffic volume may be defined as the number of vehicles passing a given section of road or traffic lane per unit time will be inappropriate when several types of vehicles with widely varying static and dynamic characteristics are comprised in the traffic. Due to mixed nature of traffic it gets difficult to accommodate all the kinds of traffic on these roads. The basic problem arises during the peak hours of the day when the traffic volume is highest on the road. The interaction between moving vehicles under such heterogeneous traffic condition is highly complex. The problem of measuring volume of such kind of traffic has been addressed by converting the different types of vehicles into equivalent passenger cars and expressing the volume in terms of Passenger Car Unit (PCU) per hour. Calculation of Passenger Car Units (PCU’s) for different vehicle types had been made. For a wide range of traffic volume and roadway conditions indicate that the PCU value of a vehicle significantly changes with change in traffic volume and width of roadway. some of the remedial measures to improve the traffic safety in the region such as widening the road, changing 4-lane to 6-lane or by providing more public transport can be recommended based on the outcomes of the work.

Study of the Response of PW Traffic Flow Model to a Bottleneck on a Circular Road and its Suitability for Heterogeneous Traffic Conditions

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 460-463
Keyword(s):  
Fluid Flow ◽  
Traffic Flow ◽  
Flow Model ◽  
Equation Model ◽  
Heterogeneous Traffic ◽  
Flow Conditions ◽  
Flow Models ◽  
Traffic Conditions ◽  
Model Response ◽  
Traffic Flow Models

The traffic flow conditions in developing countries are predominantly heterogeneous. The early developed traffic flow models have been derived from fluid flow to capture the behavior of the traffic. The very first two-equation model derived from fluid flow is known as the Payne-Whitham or PW Model. Along with the traffic flow, this model also captures the traffic acceleration. However, the PW model adopts a constant driver behavior which cannot be ignored, especially in the situation of heterogeneous traffic.This research focuses on testing the PW model and its suitability for heterogeneous traffic conditions by observing the model response to a bottleneck on a circular road. The PW model is mathematically approximated using the Roe Decomposition and then the performance of the model is observed using simulations.

scholarly journals Passenger Car Unit Estimation at Signalized Intersection for Non-lane Based Mixed Traffic Using Microscopic Simulation Model

2017 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gowri Asaithambi ◽  
Hayjy Sekar Mourie ◽  
Ramaswamy Sivanandan
Keyword(s):  
Simulation Model ◽  
Signalized Intersection ◽  
Accurate Estimation ◽  
Mixed Traffic ◽  
Passenger Car ◽  
Traffic Conditions ◽  
Passenger Car Unit ◽  
Road Width ◽  
On The Road ◽  
Chennai City

In India, traffic on roads is mixed in nature with widely varying static and dynamic characteristics of vehicles. At intersections, vehicles do not follow ordered queue and lane discipline. Different vehicle types occupy different spaces on the road, move at different speeds, and start at different accelerations. The problem of measuring volume of such mixed traffic has been addressed by converting different vehicles categories into equivalent passenger cars and expressing the volume in terms of Passenger Car Unit (PCU) per hour. The accurate estimation of PCU values for different roadway and traffic conditions is essential for better operation and management of roadway facilities. Hence, the objective of the present study is to estimate the PCU values at signalized intersection in mixed traffic and to study the influence of traffic volume, traffic composition and road width on PCU values.For this purpose, a mixed traffic simulation model developed specifically for a signalized intersection was used. The model was calibrated and validated with the traffic data collected from a signalized intersection in Chennai city. Simulation runs were carried out for various combinations of vehicular composition, volume levels and road width. It was observed that presence of heavy vehicles and increase in road width affects the PCU values. The obtained PCU values were statistically checked for accuracy and proven to be satisfied. The PCU values obtained in this study can be used as a guideline for the traffic engineers and practitioners in the design and analysis of signalized intersections where mixed traffic conditions exist.

scholarly journals Evaluation passenger car unit for motorcycle in Indonesia Highway Capacity Manual (Case study: Bandung and Semarang)

2018 ◽  
Vol 181 ◽  
pp. 06006
Author(s):  
Najid
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Density ◽  
Heavy Vehicles ◽  
Highway Capacity ◽  
Passenger Car ◽  
Highway Capacity Manual ◽  
Traffic Conditions ◽  
A Value ◽  
Passenger Car Unit ◽  
Set Up

Value of Passenger Car Unit or commonly known as PCU value is a value that is given to any vehicle that is classified into heavy vehicles, light vehicles (passenger car) and motorcycles. The value of passenger car unit on Indonesia Highway Capacity Manual (IHCM) set up in 1997 is based on a study conducted from 1980-1990 in several cities in Indonesia At the time of the study, the traffic conditions are very different to the current traffic conditions. That affects of difference traffic conditions are the composition of traffic, traffic regulations, traffic density, traffic discipline and the presence of mass transit, so that the results of traffic analysis do not always correspond to reality as there are anomalies in the determination of the level of road service (Najid, 2014). As well the incompatibility of the capacity value which is considered due to the incompatibility value of Passenger Car Units (PCU). Evaluation PCU become very important to get the value of traffic parameters into compliance with actually occur. In accordance with the traffic density is higher actually, then it is necessary to study for evaluation against PCU current value and the need to approach or to get the value of PCU more in line with current traffic conditions. Data collected at two cities, those are Bandung and Semarang. Based on analysis found PCU’s value that got from survey have difference but not all significantly with PCU value in IHCM.

scholarly journals Concept of queue clearance rate for estimation of equivalency factors at priority junctions

2016 ◽  
Vol 43 (7) ◽  
pp. 593-598 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mithun Mohan ◽  
Satish Chandra
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Clearance Rate ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Traffic Volume ◽  
Heterogeneous Traffic ◽  
Passenger Cars ◽  
Passenger Car ◽  
Traffic Conditions ◽  
Equivalency Factors ◽  
Equivalent Number

Traffic in developing countries is often distinguished from others for its diversity in vehicular composition and passenger car equivalents (PCE) becomes essential in such conditions for expressing traffic volume in terms of equivalent number of passenger cars. The PCE estimation at two-way stop-controlled intersections in developing countries is further complicated by the lack of movement priority and lane discipline. The study introduces a method to find PCE factors based on the time taken by a queue of vehicles to completely clear the intersection and composition of the queue. The method is validated through simulations in VISSIM software and was then used to derive PCE factors for three intersections in India. Although the method is developed and tested to estimate PCE factors under highly heterogeneous traffic at priority junctions in India, it is quite general in nature and can be used in traffic conditions found in developed countries as well.

scholarly journals Capacity Estimation of Multilane Highways under Heterogeneous Traffic Conditions using Micro-Simulation Technique

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (01) ◽  
pp. 20-25
Author(s):  
Tanumoy Ghosh ◽  
Sudip Kumar Roy ◽  
Subhamay Gangopadhyay
Keyword(s):  
Simulation Model ◽  
Traffic Flow ◽  
Flow Characteristics ◽  
Simulation Models ◽  
Heterogeneous Traffic ◽  
Traffic Condition ◽  
Traffic Conditions ◽  
Geometric Conditions ◽  
Micro Simulation ◽  
Traffic Flow Characteristics

The behavior of a driver of any vehicle is important in estimating heterogeneous traffic conditions with no strict lane discipline. In the present study, a micro-simulation model is used to analyze the mixed traffic condition with different drivers’ behavior parameters. The field data collected on traffic flow characteristics of multilane highways are used in the calibration and validation of the simulation model. Out of the ten coefficient of correlation (CC) parameters in the simulation model, five are used in the present study to make a model of simulation for heterogeneous traffic; the other five parameters are not considered for testing their influence on simulated capacity values as they represent very typical behavior of a driver, either in car-following, or in free-flow conditions. Two separate simulation models are made by changing the CC (CC0, CC1, CC2, CC7, and CC8) parameters, each for a four-lane divided and a six-lane divided highway as the geometric conditions of the roads and the traffic flow is different for both the cases. These models are then applied on two other sections of a four-lane divided and a six-lane divided highway to validate the parameters of the model developed earlier for other sections.

New Procedure for Detector Data Screening in Traffic Management Systems

2000 ◽  
Vol 1727 (1) ◽  
pp. 127-131 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rod E. Turochy ◽  
Brian L. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Flow ◽  
Traffic Management ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Flow Theory ◽  
Threshold Value ◽  
Management Systems ◽  
Traffic Flow Theory ◽  
Traffic Conditions ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Data Screening

Automated monitoring of traffic conditions in traffic management systems is of increasing importance as the sizes and complexities of these systems expand. Accurate monitoring of traffic conditions is dependent on accurate input data, yet techniques that can be used to screen data and remove erroneous records are not used in many traffic management systems. Procedures that can be used to perform quality checks on the data before their use in traffic management applications play a critical role in ensuring the proper functioning of condition-monitoring methods such as incident detection algorithms. Tests that screen traffic data can be divided into two categories: threshold value tests and tests that apply basic traffic flow theory principles. Tests that use traffic flow theory use the inherent relationships among speed, volume, and occupancy to assess data validity. In particular, a test that derives the average effective vehicle length from the observed traffic variables detects a wide range of erroneous data. A new data-screening procedure combines both threshold value tests and traffic flow theory–based tests and can serve as a valuable tool in traffic management applications.

Modeling Platoon Dispersal Pattern of Heterogeneous Road Traffic

2003 ◽  
Vol 1852 (1) ◽  
pp. 175-182 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Thamizh Arasan ◽  
Shiraj Hussain Kashani
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Flow ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Traffic Signals ◽  
Heterogeneous Traffic ◽  
Dispersal Pattern ◽  
Traffic Characteristics ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Traffic Stream ◽  
Traffic Composition

The quality of progression of a road traffic stream is one of the critical characteristics that must be quantified for operational analysis of traffic signals, particularly on urban roads. The parameter that has been found to best describe this characteristic of traffic streams is the arrival type. Though precise quantification of arrival type has been found to be difficult, the platoon ratio is a useful measure for this purpose. Thus, the quality of arrival of a traffic stream can be assessed by knowing the corresponding value of the platoon ratio. Study of arrival type over a wide range of traffic characteristics warrants theoretical modeling of traffic flow. In the study reported, an attempt was made to model heterogeneous traffic flow using an innovative technique. The developed model was used to study the arrival type of traffic streams, queue accumulation, and queue dissipation on approaches to traffic signals. The dispersal pattern of traffic platoons after vehicles pass a traffic signal was studied in detail. The effect of variation in traffic composition on traffic platoons was also analyzed.

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