scholarly journals ÉPOCAS DE SEMEADURA DE MILHO NA REGIÃO NORTE DE MATO GROSSO

Nativa ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 241
Author(s):  
Cassiano Spaziani Pereira ◽  
Ezequel Giese ◽  
Ivan Vilela Andrade Fiorini ◽  
Anderson Lange
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Relative Water Content ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Mato Grosso ◽  
The North ◽  
Relative Water

Existem poucas informações sobre a melhor época de semeadura de milho, durante o período da “segunda safra” no norte de Mato Grosso. O objetivo do trabalho foi verificar o comportamento produtivo de três híbridos de milho, semeados em seis épocas, durante a “segunda safra,” ou “safrinha”, no norte de Mato Grosso, Sinop-MT. O experimento foi conduzido em um Latossolo Vermelho Amarelo distrófico típico argiloso, entre janeiro e julho de 2014. O delineamento experimental foi em blocos ao acaso, com quatro repetições em esquema fatorial 3 x 6. Utilizou-se três híbridos comerciais simples e “precoces”: Maximus®; Truck (Syn7316)® e Status (Syn7205)®. As épocas de semeadura ocorreram aos 0, 7, 14, 21, 28 e 35 Dias após a semeadura de 26/01, correspondendo as datas de 26/01; 02/02; 09/02; 16/02; 23/02 e 02/03 de 2014, respectivamente. Avaliou-se a altura de plantas, área foliar, massa seca, teor relativo de água e produtividade da cultura. No florescimento, os menores teores de água nas folhas ocorreram nas plantas semeadas entre os dias 16/02 e 23/02. O crescimento vegetativo do milho foi o menor na época de semeadura entre os dias 09/02 a 23/02. Os híbridos Truck®, Máximus® e Status® não apresentaram diferença de produtividade e são mais produtivos quando semeados no final do período de segunda safra, entre os dias 16/02 a 02/03.Palavras-chave: Zea mays L, milho segunda safra, matéria seca, área foliar, teor relativo de água. MAIZE SEED TIMES IN THE NORTH REGION OF MATO GROSSO ABSTRACT:Were not sufficient information’s about the best time sowing of corn crop, during period of maize off-season in the north of Mato Grosso. The objective of this work was to verify the productive behavior of three maize hybrids, sown in six seasons, during the "second harvest," in the north of Mato Grosso, Sinop-MT. The experiment was conducted in a typical clayey dystrophic Yellow Red Latosol between January and July 2014. The experimental design was a randomized complete block design with four replicates in a 3 x 6 factorial scheme. Three commercial hybrids were used: Maximus®; Truck (Syn7316) ® and Status (Syn7205) ®. Sowing times occurred on day after sowing of date based of 01/26; respectively for datas: 01/26; 02/02; 09/02; 16/02; 23/02 and 02/03 of 2014. The variables analyzed the height of plants, stem diameter, leaf area, dry matter, relative water content and crop productivity were evaluated. At flowering, the lowest leaf water contents occurred in the plants sown between February 16 and February 23. The maize vegetative growth was the lowest in the sowing season between 09/02 to 23/02. The Hybrids Truck, Maxima and Status had a productivity difference and are more productive when sown at the end of the second crop period, between February 16 to March 2.Keywords: Zea mays L., maize off-season, dry matter, leaf area, relative water content. DOI:

scholarly journals Root Length and Vapour Pressure Deficit: Effect on Relative Water Content in Zea Mays L.

1971 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 805 ◽  
Author(s):  
LA Downey ◽  
TC Mitchell
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Vapour Pressure ◽  
Root Length ◽  
Relative Water Content ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Vapour Pressure Deficit ◽  
Personal Communication ◽  
Male Sterile ◽  
Relative Water

The pair of lodicules situated at the base of the ovary and adjacent to the lemma of the wheat floret have long been known to be involved in the opening of the wheat floret at anthesis (see Arber 1965). At anthesis, the lodicules swell and force the lemma away from the palea, allowing the stamens to grow out from the floret. Some minutes later and presumably in response to a stimulus associated with pollination (male-sterile florets may remain open for many hours: Dr. A. T. Pugsley, personal communication) the lodicules collapse and the floret closes. We are studying the events which lead to this rapid swelling and degeneration of the lodicule in wheat and noticed that information about the nature of the vascular tissues in lodicules is very meagre.

scholarly journals xpression of aquaporin subtypes (GhPIP1;1, GhTIP2;1, and GhSIP1;3) in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) submitted to salt stress

AoB Plants ◽  
2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luana C C Braz ◽  
Pedro D Fernandes ◽  
Daniela D Barbosa ◽  
Wellison F Dutra ◽  
Carliane R C Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Gas Exchange ◽  
Gossypium Hirsutum ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Relative Water Content ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Rna Extraction ◽  
Gossypium Hirsutum L ◽  
Relative Water ◽  
Agricultural Regions

Abstract Salinization leads to several worldwide damages in agricultural regions, mainly in semiarid regions where leaching of salt is poor due to limited and erratic rainfall. Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) is a Malvaceae with wide genetic variability to salt stress. The identification of salinity tolerant genotypes is a dynamic target in a breeding program, and the selection is often based on plant phenotypes. Molecular markers are reliable tools to aid in these selection procedures. Aquaporin (AQPs) are channel proteins that play fundamental role in water relations and tolerance to environmental stresses. Plants have fine regulation of water transport through AQPs activities. In order to evaluate the AQP expressions of different cotton cultivars submitted to salt stress, we use molecular and physiological tools, based on RT-qPCR and gas exchange assays. Seven cultivars were submitted to 95 mM NaCl, started at V3 stage (21 days after emergence), during 72 h. At the end of stress treatment, root tissues were used to total RNA extraction, followed by cDNA synthesis and RT-qPCR analyzes. Three sets of specific primers were used, drawn from AQP accessions deposited in NCBI. Additionally, full expanded leaves were used to gas exchange assays and to estimate the relative water content. The dry matter of the shoots was also evaluated. Based on pattern of AQPs transcripts, we found that all semiarid tolerant cultivars (BRS Seridó, 7MH, CNPA MT 2009 152 and BRS 416) showed downregulation of AQP subtypes, mainly GhPIP1;1 and GhTIP2;1 whose action is characterized as tolerant to salinity. The results of gas exchanges, relative water content and dry matter were consistent with the molecular findings in these cultivars, confirming that GhPIP1;1 and GhTIP2;1, located at plasma membrane and vacuoles, respectively, could be adopted as AQP markers for identification of cotton tolerant to salt stress.

Leaf growth and K+/Na+ ratio as an indication of the salt tolerance of three sorghum cultivars grown under salinity stress and IAA treatment

2004 ◽  
Vol 52 (3) ◽  
pp. 287-296 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. M. Azooz ◽  
M. A. Shaddad ◽  
A. A. Abdel-Latef
Keyword(s):  
Salt Tolerance ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Salinity Stress ◽  
Relative Water Content ◽  
Leaf Growth ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Tolerance Index ◽  
Relative Water

The salt tolerance of three sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L.) cultivars (Dorado, Hagen Shandawil and Giza 113) and their responses to shoot spraying with 25 ppm IAA were studied. Salinity stress induced substantial differences between the three sorghum cultivars in the leaf area, dry mass, relative water content and tolerance index of the leaves. Dorado and Hagen Shandawil tolerated salinity up to 88 and 44 mM NaCl, respectively, but above this level, and at all salinity levels in Giza 113, a significant reduction in these parameters was recorded. The rate of reduction was lower in Dorado than in Hagen Shandawil and Giza 113, allowing the sequence Dorado ? Hagen Shandawil ? Giza 113 to be established for the tolerance of these cultivars to salinity. The differences in the tolerance of the sorghum cultivars were associated with large differences in K+ rather than in Na+, which was found to be similar in the whole plant. The youngest leaf was able to maintain a higher K+ content than the oldest leaf. Consequently the K+/Na+ ratios were higher in the most salt-tolerant cultivar Dorado than in the other sorghum cultivars, and in the youngest than in the oldest leaf. In conformity with this mechanism, the stimulatory effect of the exogenous application of IAA was mostly associated with a higher K+/Na+ ratio. Shoot spraying with IAA partially alleviated the inhibitory effect of salinity on leaf growth and on the K+ and Ca2+ contents, especially at low and moderate levels of salinity, while it markedly retarded the accumulation of Na+ in the different organs of sorghum cultivars. Abbreviations: LA: Leaf area, DM: Dry mass, I Indole acetic acid, RWC: Relative water content,TI: Tolerance index

ARRANJO POPULACIONAL PARA A VARIEDADE UENF-14 DE MILHO PIPOCA

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 401
Author(s):  
CÁSSIO VITORAZZI ◽  
ANTONIO TEIXEIRA AMARAL JÚNIOR ◽  
LILIAM SILVIA CANDIDO ◽  
ISMAEL LOURENÇO DE JESUS FREITAS ◽  
THIAGO RODRIGUES DA CONCEIÇÃO SILVA
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Grain Production ◽  
Maize Population ◽  
The North ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Janeiro State

 RESUMO - A adequação do arranjo populacional está entre as técnicas que podem maximizar a produtividade da cultura do milho. Daí a importância das pesquisas que buscam estudar o desempenho de cultivares de milho e milhos especiais, a fim de determinar o arranjo de plantas ideal. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o desempenho da variedade UENF-14, de milho pipoca, cultivada em diferentes arranjos populacionais, na safra e safrinha, para otimizar a recomendação fitotécnica para os produtores rurais do Norte Fluminense. Foram instalados dois experimentos em Campos dos Goytacazes-RJ. Um na safrinha 2011 utilizando a variedade UENF-14 e o híbrido experimental P2 x P9, e o outro na safra 2011-2012, com a variedade UENF-14 e o híbrido comercial IAC-112. O delineamento experimental, nos dois experimentos, foi o de blocos casualizados arranjados em parcelas subsubdivididas, em que as parcelas foram compostas pelos genótipos, as subparcelas constituídas pelos espaçamentos entre linhas de semeadura (0,45, 0,60 e 0,90 m) e as subsubparcelas compostas pelas densidades de plantas (60.000, 75.000 e 90.000 plantas ha-1). A UENF-14 apresentou desempenho superior aos híbridos, demonstrando seu potencial para cultivo na região Norte Fluminense. Houve aumento do rendimento de grãos com a diminuição do espaçamento entre linhas de plantio. Para a variedade UENF-14, a redução do espaçamento entre linhas de plantio foi vantajosa para a produção de grãos, independentemente da época de semeadura.Palavras-chave: Zea mays L., densidade de semeadura, espaçamento entre linhas, épocas de semeadura.  POPULATION ARRANGEMENT FOR THE VARIETY OF POPCORN UENF-14 ABSTRACT - The adequacy of the maize population arrangement is among the most important techniques for obtaining higher yields. Therefore, many researchers have been conducting an attempt to study the performance of corn and specialty corn. The objective was to evaluate the performance of the popcorn variety UENF-14 in different population arrangements, in the harvest season and off-season. Two experiments were carried out in Campos dos Goytacazes, North of Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil, in the off-season 2011, using the UENF-14 variety and the experimental hybrid P2 x P9, and in the season 2011-2012 using UENF-14 and the commercial hybrid IAC-112. The treatments were arranged in randomized complete block design with split plots, in which plots were composed by popcorn genotypes, the subplots consisting of three spacings between sowing lines (0.45, 0.60 and 0.90 m) and the subsubplots composed of three plants per hectare densities (60,000, 75,000 and 90,000 plants.ha-1). The variety UENF-14 presented higher performance than the hybrids, demonstrating its potential for recommendation to the North of Rio de Janeiro State. There was an increase of grain yield by reducing the spacing between the plants rows. The cultivation of the variety UENF-14 reducing the spacing between rows was advantageous for grain production, regardless of planting date.Keywords: Zea mays L., densities of plants, spacing between rows, sowing times.

scholarly journals Correlation and Path Coefficient Analysis in Bread Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Genotypes for Morpho-physiological Traits along with Grain Fe and Zn Content

2020 ◽  
pp. 130-140
Author(s):  
Mainak Barman ◽  
Vinay Kumar Choudhary ◽  
Satish Kumar Singh ◽  
Rabiya Parveen ◽  
Abhishek K. Gowda
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Relative Water Content ◽  
Flag Leaf ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Path Coefficient ◽  
Path Coefficient Analysis ◽  
Relative Water

Character association studies help in assessing the relationship among yield and its components to enhance the selection utility. In view of this, the present research was carried out for assessing correlation and path coefficients among 30 bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) genotypes using fifteen quantitative parameters. Correlation analysis demonstrated a noteworthy positive relationship of days to fifty per cent flowering, number of tillers/plant, flag leaf area, spike length, plant height, chlorophyll content, relative water content, number of grains/ ear, thousand-grain weight, days to maturity and harvest index, with grain yield per plant at both the phenotypic and genotypic level except canopy temperature which showed a significant negative relationship. Path coefficient analysis revealed that plant height, flag leaf area, relative water content and grain per ear had the maximum positive direct effect on grain yield. Hence, the present investigation can be helpful in executing a reliable selection of parental lines based on these above mentioned traits in addition to developing high-yielding varieties for further breeding programme.

scholarly journals Effects of Foliar Spray on Morpho-Physiological Parameters under High Temperature Stress in Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.)

2021 ◽  
Vol 108 (june) ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Devi M ◽  
◽  
Vincent s ◽  
Babu Rajendra Prasad ◽  
Anandham R ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Elevated Temperature ◽  
Calcium Carbonate ◽  
Ambient Temperature ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Relative Water Content ◽  
Foliar Spray ◽  
Canopy Temperature ◽  
Relative Water

High temperature is a critical barrier in most cotton growing areas, limiting cotton growth and development. The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of foliar spray on KC 3 cotton variety grown under ambient (32.66°C) and high temperature (37.21°C) stress in open-top chamber (OTC) with a temperature of 5°C from the ambient temperature for 10d from flowering to boll development stage. Foliar spray of kaolin @ 3% and calcium carbonate @ 5% were sprayed separately to the set of pots both in ambient and elevated temperature on 70th day of flowering. Observations on morphological and physiological parameters were recorded on viz., plant height (cm plant-1), leaf area (cm2 plant-1), relative water content (%), canopy temperature (°C), SPAD, chlorophyll fluorescence (Fv/Fm ratio). Kaolin @ 3% foliar spray significantly increased the plant height, leaf area, relative water content, chlorophyll content and reduced the canopy temperature both in high temperature and ambient temperature conditions. Among these treatments, T2 - kaolin 3% (Ambient) followed by T5 - Kaolin 3% (elevated temperature of 5 °C) recorded higher values as compared to calcium carbonate treatment both in ambient temperature and high temperature condition.

scholarly journals Aplikasi Biochar dan Kompos Terhadap Peningkatan Hasil Tanaman Jagung (Zea Mays L.)

GEMA AGRO ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Petrus Kaliang Lelu ◽  
Yohanes Parlindungan Situmeang ◽  
Made Suarta
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Harvest Index ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Compost Treatment

This study aims to determine the effect of biochar dosage and compost fertilizer and its interaction on the growth and yield of corn crops. This experiment used a randomized block design (RBD) with a factorial pattern consisting of 2 factors. The first factor was the dose of biochar (B) consisting of 4 levels, namely: 0 ton ha-1 (B0), 5 ton ha-1 (B1), 10 ton ha-1 (B2), 15 ton ha-1 (B3). The second factor is the dosage of compost fertilizer (K) consisting of 2 levels: 0 ton ha-1 (K0), and 20 ton ha-1 (K1). The results showed that the interaction between the treatment of biochar dose and compost fertilizer had no significant effect on all observed variables. Biochar and compost treatment have significant effect to most observed variables, except on leaf area and harvest index have no significant effect. Treatment of biochar with a dose of 10 ton ha-1 gave the highest dry kiln seedlings weight of 7.83 tons increased by 35.60% compared to the lowest dose without biochar of 5.77 tons. Treatment of compost doses of 20 ton ha-1 gave the highest dry seed oven per hectare weight of 7.42 tons increased by 16.60% when compared with the lowest yield on treatment without compost dose as much as 6.37 tons.

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