scholarly journals Prediction of the Level of Air Pollution During Wildfires Using Machine Learning Classification Methods

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 115-123
Author(s):  
Syed Mohammed Khalid ◽  
Raini Hassan
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Air Quality ◽  
Forest Fires ◽  
Meteorological Data ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Air Pollutant ◽  
Optical Data ◽  
Gradient Boosting ◽  
Agricultural Field ◽  
Machine Learning Classification

 The recent increase of forest fires due to agricultural field burning in the South East Asian region has led to haze episodes in Malaysia which contributed to the increasing number of hospital visits for treatments related to respiratory diseases. With the increase of air pollution, it becomes a necessity to attempt at investigating and predicting the air pollution levels, which would in turn which would lead to proper strategies so untimely effects to human health can be kept at a minimum. The Air Pollutant Index is used to identify and classify the ambient air quality status, However the lack of ground air quality monitors which compute the API generally leads to unreliable warning information. Recent studies indicate that data retrieved from remote sensing satellites is now an emerging alternative for air quality prediction at the ground level, hence this research aims to use satellite-based data to predict the air quality of East Malaysian cities with the help of different classification algorithms. Aerosol Optical data, Meteorological data and Fire data were collected from different satellite sources, two algorithms were selected and modelled. The two algorithms which were implemented, were Random Forest and Gradient Boosting, when trained and validated they both algorithms performed reasonably well with an accuracy 0.89 and 0.85 respectively, for the city of Kuching.

scholarly journals Effects of Ambient Air Quality Improvement on Mortality From Acute Air Pollution Exposure in Beijing

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jingxiu Han ◽  
Han Jingxiu ◽  
Meng Congshen ◽  
Liu Jingyi ◽  
Xu Chunyu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Quality Improvement ◽  
Air Quality ◽  
Respiratory Disease ◽  
Local Population ◽  
Random Effect ◽  
Random Effect Model ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Air Pollutant ◽  
Air Quality Improvement

Abstract Exposure to air pollutants increase the mortality of population. Developing countries have taken measures to control air pollution. To explore the effects of air quality improvement on mortality, air quality and acute exposure-response coefficients of excess death in Beijing since the 1990’s were analyzed. It was divided into five stages according to the concentration level of pollutants. Coefficients for period 1990 – 2013 were obtained by retrieving literatures published before December 31, 2019. The coefficients for period 2015 – 2017 were obtained by analyzing the daily data of air pollutant concentration, meteorological and human mortality conducting Poisson Generalized Additive Model (GAM). Meta-analysis of random effect model was used to estimate the integrated coefficient of multiple studies at each stages. Comparative analysis was used to analyze the variation of air quality and coefficients in different stages. The results showed that the concentrations of sulfur dioxide (SO2), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter ≤10μm (PM10) and ≤2.5μm (PM2.5) decreased by up to 50%, 21%, 22% and 15% in different stages. The coefficient of SO2 on death from respiratory diseases decreased by up to 63.79%. The coefficients of NO2 on mortality from non-accidental causes, cardiovascular disease, and respiratory disease decreased by up to 0.95%, 1.34% and 0.54%. The coefficients of PM10, PM2.5 on mortality from cardiovascular diseases and respiratory disease were decreased by up to 0.19%, 0.31%, 0.65% and 0.36%. Continued improvements in air quality have reduced the acute impact on the health of the local population.

scholarly journals Temporal analysis of air pollutants in the most affected monsoon region

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 229
Author(s):  
Omar Kairan ◽  
Nur Nasehah Zainudin ◽  
Nurul Hasya Mohd Hanafiah ◽  
Nur Emylia Arissa Mohd Jafri ◽  
Fukayhah Fatiha @Suhami ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Air Quality ◽  
Air Pollutants ◽  
Monsoon Season ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Temporal Analysis ◽  
Quality Standard ◽  
Temporal Variations ◽  
Air Pollutant

Air pollution has become an issue at all rates in the world. In Malaysia, there is a system is known as air quality index (API) used to indicate the overall air quality in the country where the air pollutants include or the new ambient air quality standard are sulphur dioxide (SO2), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), carbon monoxide (CO), ozone (O3) and particulate matter with size less than 10 (PM10). The concentration levels of the air pollutants were said to be affected by the monsoon changes. Therefore, this study is conducted to examine the existence of temporal variations of each air pollutant then identify the differences of each air pollutants concentration in temporal variations. This study uses secondary data where data that has been retrieved from the Department of Environment (DOE) where it is data of air pollution specifically for Kota Bharu, kelantan records. Hierarchical agglomerative cluster analysis was conducted to group monthly air quality. As a conclusion, the study can conclude that the five air pollutants grouped into several different monthly clusters mostly representing the two main monsoon seasons. Mostly air pollutant varied accordingly towards the monsoon season. During the southwestern monsoon, air pollutant concentration tends to higher compare to the northeastern monsoon with mostly due to meteorological factors.

scholarly journals Quantifying air quality co-benefits of climate policy across sectors and regions

2020 ◽  
Vol 163 (3) ◽  
pp. 1501-1517 ◽  
Author(s):  
Toon Vandyck ◽  
Kimon Keramidas ◽  
Stéphane Tchung-Ming ◽  
Matthias Weitzel ◽  
Rita Van Dingenen
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Air Quality ◽  
Greenhouse Gas Emissions ◽  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Climate Policy ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Air Pollutant ◽  
Pollutant Emissions ◽  
Gas Emissions ◽  
Health Related

AbstractThe overlap in sources of greenhouse gas and local air pollutant emissions creates scope for policy measures to limit global warming and improve air quality simultaneously. In a first step, we derive estimates for the air pollution mortality-related component of the social cost of atmospheric release for 6 pollutants and 56 regions in the world. Combining these estimates with emission inventory data highlights that sector contributions to greenhouse gas emissions and air pollution health impacts differ widely across regions. Next, simulations of future emission pathways consistent with the 2 °C and 1.5 °C targets illustrate that strengthening climate policy ambition raises the total value of air quality co-benefits despite lower marginal co-benefits per tonne of greenhouse gas emissions abated. Finally, we use results from a multi-model ensemble to quantify and compare the value of health-related ambient air quality co-benefits of climate policy across sectors and regions. On the global level, overall air quality co-benefits range from $8 to $40 per tonne of greenhouse gases abated in 2030, with median across models and scenarios of $18/tCO2e. These results mask strong differentiation across regions and sectors, with median co-benefits from mitigation in the residential and service sectors in India exceeding $500/tCO2e. By taking a sector- and region-specific perspective, the results presented here reveal promising channels to improve human health outcomes and to ratchet up greenhouse gas reduction efforts to bridge the gap between countries’ pledges and the global targets of the Paris Agreement.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Pollutant Gases and the Occurrence of Associated Diseases in Asaba Metropolis, Delta State, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. p44
Author(s):  
Prof. Atubi, Augustus O. (Ph.D.) ◽  
Osoyibo, Joseph
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Air Quality ◽  
Respiratory Diseases ◽  
Medical Center ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Air Pollutant ◽  
World Health ◽  
Distribution Method ◽  
Associated Diseases ◽  
Pollutant Gases

The study examined the prevalence of pollutant gases and occurrence of associated diseases in Asaba Metropolis, Delta State, Nigeria. The study adopted a retrospective cohort and survey research design. The cohort study analyzed the reported air pollution medical cases in Federal Medical Center in Asaba such as respiratory diseases, Asthma, Pneumonia, Tuberculosis, Meningitis and Measles. The survey involved measurement of air pollutant such as NO2, SO2, H2S, CO and VOC to compare with the National Ambient Air Quality Standard (NAAQS) data and the World Health Organization Air Quality Guideline (WHOAQG) in order to ascertain the level of air pollution. As part of the study, a total of two hundred (200) copies of questionnaires were administered in two major communities representing the two LGAs that make up Asaba Metropolis serving as study sites (Asaba and Okpanam). The data were analyzed using simple percentage and frequency distribution method, averaging model and standard deviation, measure of central tendency/dispersion (Mean±SD), Pearson Product Moment Correlation Coefficient (PPMC) and analysis of variance (ANOVA). The results of the study revealed that the highest recorded gas emitted in the area include Volatile and Organic Compounds (VOCs) with 96.4%, Carbon monoxide (CO) was 0.8%, Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) was 0.4% while Sulfur dioxide (SO2) and Nitrogen oxide (NO2) were 1.2% respectively. NO2 exceeded the WHO and NAQS thresholds. The most prevalent air pollution related diseases reported were respiratory diseases which were above 50% of the yearly prevalence and Tuberculosis which was over 30% each year followed closely by Asthma and Pneumonia. The least diseases in terms of prevalence in the study area were Meningitis and Measles. Based on the findings, it was recommended that routine measurements should be made on a continuous basis to ascertain the volume of gaseous pollutants in the urban and rural environments of the study area.

Association of ambient pollution with inhaler use among patients with COPD: a panel study

2018 ◽  
Vol 75 (5) ◽  
pp. 382-388 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sheryl Magzamen ◽  
Assaf P Oron ◽  
Emily R Locke ◽  
Vincent S Fan
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Air Quality ◽  
Meteorological Data ◽  
Panel Study ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Supplemental Oxygen ◽  
Coarse Fraction ◽  
Forced Expiratory Volume ◽  
Ambient Air Pollution ◽  
Chronic Obstructive

BackgroundStudies have linked ambient air pollution to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) healthcare encounters. However, the association between air quality and rescue medication use is unknown.ObjectivesWe assessed the role of air pollution exposure for increased short-acting beta-2-agonist (SABA) use in patients with COPD through use of remote monitoring technology.MethodsParticipants received a portable electronic inhaler sensor to record the date, time and location for SABA use over a 3-month period. Ambient air pollution data and meteorological data were collected from a centrally located federal monitoring station. Mixed-effects Poisson regression was used to examine the association of daily inhaler use with pollutant levels. Four criteria pollutants (PM2.5, PM10, O3 and NO2), two particulate matter species (elemental carbon (EC) and organic carbon), estimated coarse fraction of PM10 (PM10–2.5) and four multipollutant air quality measures were each examined separately, adjusting for covariates that passed a false discovery rate (FDR) screening.ResultsWe enrolled 35 patients with COPD (94.3% male and mean age: 66.5±8.5) with a mean forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) % predicted of 44.9+17.2. Participants had a median of 92 observation days (range 52–109). Participants’ average SABA inhaler use ranged from 0.4 to 13.1 puffs/day (median 2.8). Controlling for supplemental oxygen use, long-acting anticholinergic use, modified Medical Research Council Dyspnoea Scale and influenza season, an IQR increase in PM10 concentration (8.0 µg/m3) was associated with a 6.6% increase in daily puffs (95% CI 3.5% to 9.9%; FDR <0.001). NO2 and EC concentration were also significantly associated with inhaler use (3.9% and 2.9% per IQR increase, respectively).ConclusionsExposure to increased ambient air pollution were associated with a significant increase in SABA use for patients with COPD residing in a low-pollution area.

scholarly journals Metode Weighted Product Untuk Pendukung Keputusan Penilaian Pencemaran Udara Berdasarkan Limbah Gas dan Kualitas Udara Ambien

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wiedya Putri Hartarani ◽  
Wildan Mahmud ◽  
Ery Mintorini
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Air Quality ◽  
Waste Treatment ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Quality Standard ◽  
Air Pollutant ◽  
Ambient Air Quality ◽  
Waste Gas ◽  
Standard Quality ◽  
The Village

This study aims to determine the level of air pollution based on gas waste and ambient air quality, so it can be known which chimney releases waste gas the most and the least. It also knows which villages are most affected and safest from gas waste from PG Mojopanggung. Weighted Product method is used to calculate the level of air pollution. The results showed that from the side of the gas waste, the Stork I Boiler Chimney is the most discharging chimney gas waste, while the value of pollution by chimney kettle in PG Mojopanggung all does not exceed the standard quality that has been determined. Conversely, in terms of ambient air quality, Jatimulyo village is the village most affected by gas waste from PG Mojopanggung. There are some air pollutants that exceed the specified quality standard but not too much difference. To overcome the air pollutant that exceeds the quality standard, PG Mojopanggung performs the gas waste treatment and several other solutions.

scholarly journals Association of Ambient Air Quality with Male’s Pulmonary Function in Kolkata City, India

2015 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-28
Author(s):  
P Chatterjee ◽  
P Das
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Air Quality ◽  
Pulmonary Function ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Air Pollutant ◽  
Adult Males ◽  
Ambient Air Quality ◽  
Metropolitan Cities ◽  
Air Quality Monitoring Stations ◽  
Monitoring Stations

Background Kolkata is one of the polluted metropolitan cities in India where health effects of air pollution are raising serious concern.Objectives Purpose of the present study was to analyze association between levels of air pollutants and pulmonary function of adult males living in two different air pollutant zones of Kolkata.Methods Air pollution data of two ambient air quality monitoring stations located at Rabindrabharati and Victoria Memorial was collected from West Bengal Pollution Control Board, Kolkata for the period from January to March 2012. Study was conducted on 200 males (17-22 yrs), subdivided into two groups from living within 3 km radius of that two monitoring stations. They were investigated for their spirometric lung functions following method and technique recommended by American Thoracic Society. Results were expressed as mean ± SD and independent samples T test was conducted to compare between groups.Results PM10, SO2 concentrations were significantly higher in Rabindrabharati zone, whereas no significant differences were noted in NO2 and CO concentrations though values were higher at Rabindrabharati than Victoria Memorial. FVC, FEV1 , FEF25-75%, MVV were significantly lower in males of Rabindrabharati zone.Conclusion Exposure to high air pollutant concentration might be associated with reduced pulmonary function in adult males.Kathmandu University Medical Journal Vol.13(1) 2015; 24-28

scholarly journals APPLICATION OF OPEN AIR MODEL (R PACKAGE) TO ANALYZE AIR POLLUTION DATA

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 94 ◽  
Author(s):  
Intan Agustine ◽  
Hernani Yulinawati ◽  
Endro Suswantoro ◽  
Dodo Gunawan
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Big Data ◽  
Air Quality ◽  
Meteorological Data ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Quality Data ◽  
Fluctuation Analysis ◽  
Ambient Air Quality ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Air Quality Data

Air pollution problem is faced by many countries in the world. Ambient air quality studies and monitoring need a long time period of data to cover various atmospheric conditions, which create big data. A tool is needed to make easier and more effective to analyze big data. <strong>Aims: </strong>This study aims to analyze various application of <em>openair</em> model, which is available in open-source, for analyzing urban air quality data. <strong>Methodology and results: </strong>Each pollutant and meteorological data were collected through their sampling-analysis methods (active, passive or real-time) from a certain period of time. The data processed and imported in the <em>openair</em> model were presented in <em>comma separated value</em> (csv) format. The input data must consist of date-time, pollutant, and meteorological data. The analysis is done by selecting six functions: <em>theilSen</em> for trend analysis, <em>timeVariation</em> for temporal variations, <em>scatterPlot</em> for linear correlation analysis,<em> timePlot</em> for fluctuation analysis, <em>windRose</em> for wind rose creation, and <em>polarPlot</em> for creating pollution rose. Results from these functions are discussed. <strong>Conclusion, significance and impact study: </strong><em>Openair</em> model is capable of analyzing a long time air quality data. Application of <em>openair</em> model is possible to cities in Indonesia that already monitor ambient air quality but have not analyzed the data yet

The Influence of Shallow Foehn on Atmospheric Diffusion Conditions and Air Quality over Urumqi in Winter

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhao keming
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Air Quality ◽  
Air Pollutants ◽  
Meteorological Data ◽  
Inversion Layer ◽  
Mixing Layer ◽  
Radar Data ◽  
Air Pollutant ◽  
Pollution Level ◽  
Atmospheric Diffusion

&lt;p&gt;Using hourly air pollutants concentration from six environmental monitor stations, meteorological data and wind profile radar data in winter during 2013-2015, the influences of shallow foehn on diffusion conditions and air pollution concentration over Urumqi were analyzed. The results showed the occurrence frequency of shallow foehn was 57.3% in Urumqi in winter. The flow depth, base height and top height of shallow foehn were about 1500 m, 600 m and 2100 m, respectively. The maximum mixing layer depth, the inversion depth, the temperature difference between the top and bottom of inversion layer on foehn days were 200 m lower, 344m thicker and 4.4&amp;#8451; higher than the corresponding values on non-foehn days, respectively. However, the differences of wind speed and inversion intensity between on foehn days and on non-foehn days were slight. Also, the frequency of each pollution level on foehn days was higher than on non-foehn days with extra frequency of 18% from level &amp;#8546; to level &amp;#8549;. Moreover, there was foehn existence on days with air pollution level &amp;#8549;. Except for O&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;, the other five air pollutant concentrations at each environmental station on foen days were all higher than on non-foehn days but with similar diurnal variation. The spatial distributions of six air pollutants on foehn days and non-foehn days were almost same. Overall, the air quality at south urban area was relative excellent than other areas.&lt;/p&gt;

scholarly journals Quantifying Air Pollutant Variations during COVID-19 Lockdown in a Capital City in Northwest China

Atmosphere ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 788
Author(s):  
Rong Feng ◽  
Hongmei Xu ◽  
Zexuan Wang ◽  
Yunxuan Gu ◽  
Zhe Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Air Quality ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Vehicle Emissions ◽  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Northwest China ◽  
Air Pollutant ◽  
Capital City ◽  
Air Pollution Control ◽  
Motor Vehicle Emissions

In the context of the outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), strict lockdown policies were implemented to control nonessential human activities in Xi’an, northwest China, which greatly limited the spread of the pandemic and affected air quality. Compared with pre-lockdown, the air quality index and concentrations of PM2.5, PM10, SO2, and CO during the lockdown reduced, but the reductions were not very significant. NO2 levels exhibited the largest decrease (52%) during lockdown, owing to the remarkable decreased motor vehicle emissions. The highest K+ and lowest Ca2+ concentrations in PM2.5 samples could be attributed to the increase in household biomass fuel consumption in suburbs and rural areas around Xi’an and the decrease in human physical activities in Xi’an (e.g., human travel, vehicle emissions, construction activities), respectively, during the lockdown period. Secondary chemical reactions in the atmosphere increased in the lockdown period, as evidenced by the increased O3 level (increased by 160%) and OC/EC ratios in PM2.5 (increased by 26%), compared with pre-lockdown levels. The results, based on a natural experiment in this study, can be used as a reference for studying the formation and source of air pollution in Xi’an and provide evidence for establishing future long-term air pollution control policies.

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