scholarly journals The Antimicrobial Effect Of Virgin Coconut Oil On Oral Pathogen

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nur Ainatul Mardia Bt Mohamad Nasir ◽  
Zurainie Bt Abllah ◽  
Intan Azura Bt Shahdan ◽  
Anil Azura Bt Jalaludin
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Dental Caries ◽  
Streptococcus Mutans ◽  
Lactobacillus Casei ◽  
Coconut Oil ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Virgin Coconut Oil

Introduction: As time progressed, our diet changed to include the types of foods that will promote decay and so dental caries became a widespread and serious concern. Dental caries had been reported adding to the significantly high number of oral health problem worldwide, causing a burden to health care system. Despite the existing of prevention courses, the numbers did not appear to decrease. Originated from natural resources, virgin coconut oil (VCO) has been proposed as an alternative treatment as it has been reported to demonstrate antimicrobial activity on various bacteria. Hence, the present study aimed to investigate whether VCO has antimicrobial effects on certain, selected cariogenic bacteria. Materials and Methods: Crude extract of VCO was prepared by using a natural method of fermentation. The composition of VCO were screened using Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrophotometry (GCMS). The antimicrobial activities of VCO were evaluated against three selected oral pathogens; Streptococcus mutans, Lactobacillus casei and Candida albicans using disc diffusion method. The inhibitory activities of VCO were determined by measuring the diameter of inhibition zone. The antimicrobial activities were further tested using broth micro-dilution technique to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC). Results: The inhibition zone was observed on Candida albicans plate, however no inhibitions were observed on Streptococcus mutans and Lactobacillus casei plates. The MIC and MBC results were inconsistent in 3 duplication that have been done for all the bacteria. Conclusion(s): VCO demonstrated potential antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans but not on Streptococcus mutans and Lactbacillus casei.

scholarly journals ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY AND PHYTOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF ACTINODAPHNE GLOMERATA LEAVES EXTRACT

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-26
Author(s):  
Suharyani Ine ◽  
Harlinda Kuspradini ◽  
Julinda Manalu
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Streptococcus Mutans ◽  
Chemical Compounds ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Streptococcus Sobrinus ◽  
Agar Diffusion Method

This study aimed to determine the antimicrobial activity and chemical compounds by phytochemical analysis of Actinodaphne glomerata leaves. The extraction was performed by maceration method using n-hexane solvent. The antimicrobial activity was tested by agar diffusion method against Candida albicans, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus mutans and Streptococcus sobrinus. The n-hexane crude extracts was tested for its antimicrobial activity using 125, 250 and 500 μg/well of concentrations. Based on phytochemical analysis, it showed that n-hexane extract of A. glomerata leaves contained alkaloids, triterpenoid and carbohydrates. The extract inhibited all tested microorganisms and the best inhibition zone was shown against S. sobrinus (19.56 mm) at concentration 500 μg/well.

scholarly journals Characterization and Antimicrobial Activity of Erbium(III) Complexes of C-3 Substituted 2-hydroxy-1,4-naphthalenedione-1-oxime Derivatives

2001 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 159-164 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. B. Jagtap ◽  
N. N. Patil ◽  
B. P. Kapadnis ◽  
B. A. Kulkarni
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Magnetic Susceptibility ◽  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Xanthomonas Campestris ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Oxime Derivatives

Erbium(III) complexes of 2-hydroxy-l,4-naphthalenedione-1-oxime and its C-3 substituted derivatives are synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, thermogravimetric analysis, infrared spectroscopy, magnetic susceptibility measurements 2-hydroxy-1,4-naphthalenedione-1-oxime derivatives are analysed using H1 and C13 NMR spectroscopy. The molecular composition of the synthesized complexes is found to be [ML3(H2O)2]. The antimicrobial activity of these complexes is determined by well diffusion method against the target microorganisms- Staphylococcus aureus, Xanthomonas campestris, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Candida albicans and Aspergillus niger. The antimicrobial activities of 2- hydroxy-1,4-naphthalenedione-1-oximes and their complexes are compared. It is observed that 2-hydroxy-1,4-naphthalenedione-l-oximes exhibit higher antifungal activity as compared to antibacterial activity. These activities are reduced upon complexation of these oximes with Erbium.

scholarly journals Chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of extracts from thyme and rosemary against Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans

BioResources ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 9656-9671
Author(s):  
Akram Sabzikar ◽  
Seyyed Khalil Hosseinihashemi ◽  
Younes Shirmohammadli ◽  
Abbas Jalaligoldeh
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Rosemary Extract ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Main Components

Different concentrations of ethanolic extracts of thyme (Zataria multiflora) and rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis) were evaluated to determine their antimicrobial activity using the agar-well diffusion method. The values of inhibition zone diameter (IZD) for Candida albicans fungus and Staphylococcus aureus Gram-positive bacteria were determined. The bioactivities of two various extracts were studied, and the chemical composition of the extracts were identified using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) technique. The results of the test showed that at concentrations of 10% and 40% thyme extract, the values of IZD were 12.5 mm and 23.3 mm, respectively, against the growth of S. aureus, which were higher than C. albicans (7.0 mm and 22.5 mm, respectively). The rosemary extract at concentrations of 20% and 60% showed lower antibacterial activity against S. aureus (4.7 mm and 8.7 mm IZD, respectively) and lower antifungal activity against C. albicans (12.2 mm and 1.7 mm IZD, respectively). At a concentration of 40% thyme extract, the highest antibacterial (23.3 mm IZD) and antifungal (22.5 mm IZD) activities were observed. The GC/MS analysis showed that carvacrol (52.3%), linalool L (16%), and thymol (9.6%) were the main components of thyme extract, while in the rosemary extract β-amyrone (18.0%), verbenone (8.0%), and 1,8-cineole (7.26%) were the major constituents.

scholarly journals Antibacterial Activity Of Tangerine Powder (Citrus reticulata Blanco.) Against Caries-Causing Bacteria (Streptococcus mutans)

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 148-157
Author(s):  
Framesti Frisma Sriarumtias ◽  
Aji Najihudin ◽  
Nopi Rantika ◽  
Rita Nengsih
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Minimum Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Dental Caries ◽  
Streptococcus Mutans ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Pharmaceutical Ingredients ◽  
Caries Treatment ◽  
Inhibitory Power

Dental caries is caused by Streptococcus mutans, which lives in the oral cavity and causes plaque on the teeth. Dental caries treatment involves restoration or filling of tooth tissue that has been perforated due to dental caries. The purpose of this study was analyze the effectivity of  tangerine juice powder in preventing the emergence of dental caries caused by Streptococcus mutans. The experimental method was used in this study started by making a powder from tangerine jiuce using freeze drying method, followed by testing the antibacterial activity using the disc diffusion method. In addition, the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was also sought by measuring the diameter of the clear zone. The results showed that tangerine powder has antibacterial activity, with a minimum inhibitory concentration of 10%. The highest activity of tangerine powder to inhibit the growth of Streptococcus mutans bacteria was observed at   concentration of 25% with an inhibition zone diameter of 15.8 mm, and is classified as having moderate inhibitory power. According to the result of this study is that tangerine juice powder has a good antibacterial activity against Streptococcus mutans and can be developed into a pharmaceutical ingredients to prevent dental caries.

scholarly journals Aktivitas Antimikroba Ekstrak Kulit Buah Kelengkeng (Euphoria longan Stend) Terhadap Pertumbuhan Candida albicans Dan Propionibacterium acne

Media Farmasi ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 155
Author(s):  
Alfrida Monica Salasa ◽  
St Ratnah
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Chemical Compounds ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Fruit Peel ◽  
Propionibacterium Acne ◽  
Inhibition Zone Diameter ◽  
Zone Diameter ◽  
Peel Extract

Longan Fruit (Euphoria longan Stend) Peel Waste contains chemical compounds with antimicrobial activity, which are not fully utilized. The study aims to determine the inhibition of Longan Fruit Peel extract (Euphoria longan Stend) against Candida albicans and Propionibacterium acne. Furthermore, Longan fruit (Euphoria longan Stend) was dried and extracted by maceration method using 96% ethanol, then tested for its antimicrobial activity by agar diffusion method at a concentration of 5% 7.5% and 10% w/v. The results showed that the average inhibition zone diameter for Candida albicans at 5% concentration was 14.33 mm, 7.5% concentration was 15.33 mm, and 10% concentration was 16.66 mm. Meanwhile, the inhibition zone diameter for Propionibacterium acne at a concentration of 5% w/v was 14.67 mm, 7.5% w/v was 16.67 mm, and 10% w/v was 18.33 mm. The Longan Fruit Peel Extract (Euphoria longan Stend) has antimicrobial activity tested against Candida albicans at a concentration of 7.5% w/v and 10% w/v for Propionibacterium acne. Keywords: Longan Fruit Peel Extract, Antimicrobial activity, Candida albicans, Propionibacterium acneLimbah Kulit Buah Kelengkeng (Euphoria longan Stend) mengandung senyawa kimia yang memiliki aktivitas sebagai antimikroba, namun sampai saat ini belum dimanfaatkan secara maksimal. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menentukan daya hambat ekstrak Kulit Buah kelengkeng (Euphoria longan Stend) terhadap Candida albicans dan Propionibacterium acne. Kulit buah kelengkeng (Euphoria longan Stend) dikeringkan kemudian diekstraksi dengan metode maserasi dengan menggunakan Etanol 96% lalu diuji aktivitas antimikrobanya dengan metode difusi agar pada konsentrasi 5%; 7,5% dan 10%b/v. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan  rata-rata diameter zona hambat untuk Candida albicans pada konsnetrasi 5% sebesar 14,33 mm, konsentrasi 7,5% sebesar 15,33 mm, konsentrasi 10% sebesar 16,66 mm. Sedangkan diameter zona hambat untuk Propionibacterium acne pada konsentrasi 5% b/v sebesar 14,67 mm, 7,5% b/v sebesar 16,67 mm, dan  konsetrasi 10% b/v sebesar 18,33 mm  Hasil uji statistik menunjukkan Ekstrak Kulit Buah kelengkeng (Euphoria longan Stend) memiliki aktivitas antimikroba terhadap Candida albicans pada konsentrasi 7,5% b/v dan konsentrasi 10%b/v untuk Propionibacterium acne.Kata Kunci : Ekstrak Kulit Buah Kelengkeng, Aktivitas antimikroba, Candida albicans, Propionibacterium acne

scholarly journals UJI AKTIVITAS ANTIMIKROBA EKSTRAK DAN FRAKSI SPONS Phyllospongia lamellosa DARI PERAIRAN TUMBAK, MINAHASA TENGGARA TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN MIKROBA Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus DAN Candida albicans

PHARMACON ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 815
Author(s):  
Kartini Ratu ◽  
Herny E. I. Simbala ◽  
Henki Rotinsulu
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Activity Test ◽  
Paper Disk ◽  
Agar Diffusion Method

ABSTRACT Sponges are a component of coral reef biota. These sea animals are known to contain compounds that have the potential to be developed in the field of medicine, including as an antimicrobial. This study aims to determine the antimicrobial activity of Phyllospongia lamellosa sponge against the growth of Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Candida albicans collected in the waters of Tumbak, Posumaen District, Southeast Minahasa. The antimicrobial activity test was carried out by agar diffusion method. The results showed that the extract and fraction of Phyllospongia lamellose had antimicrobial activity seen in the inhibition zone formed around the paper disk against the test microbes. Ethanol extrack and fraction from Phyllospongia lamellosa sponge showed the greatest antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans with an average value of 13,33 mm was categorized as strong , than in Staphylococcus aureus with an average value of 13 mm is categorized as strong and on Escherichia coli 11 mm categorized as strong. Keywords  :Phyllospongia lamellosa, antimicrobial activity, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Candida albicans ABSTRAK Spons merupakan salah satu komponen biota penyusun terumbu karang.  Hewan laut ini diketahui mengandung senyawa- senyawa yang berpotensi untuk dikembangkan dalam bidang pengobatan, diantaranya sebagai antimikroba. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui aktivitas antimikroba spons Phyllospongia Lamellosa terhadap pertumbuhan Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli dan Candida albicans yang diambil pada perairan Tumbak Kecamatan Posumaen, Minahasa Tenggara. Uji aktifitas antimikroba dilakukan dengan metode difusi agar. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak dan fraksi spons Phyllospongia lamellose memiliki aktifitas antimikroba dilihat zona hambat yang terbentuk disekitar cakram kertas terhadap mikroba uji. Ekstrak etanol dan fraksi dari Spons Phyllospongia lamellosa menunjukkan aktivitas antimikroba paling kuat terhadap candida albicans dengan nilai rata-rata 13,33 mm dikategorikan kuat, kemudian pada Staphylococcus aureus dengan nilai rata-rata 13 mm dikategorikan kuat, dan pada Escherichia coli 11 mm dikategorikan kuat. Kata Kunci :  Phyllospongia lamellosa, aktivitas antimikroba, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Candida albicans

scholarly journals ANTIMICROBIAL EFFECTS OF SOME DICOTYLEDONOUS PLANTS ON FUNGAL ISOLATES OF CANDIDA albicans AND TRICHOPHYTON mentagrophyte

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Obhioze Augustine Akpoka ◽  
A. A. Enaigbe ◽  
M. U. Okwu ◽  
O. E. Izevbuwa ◽  
E. A. Ufuah
Keyword(s):  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Sensitivity Test ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
Fungal Isolates ◽  
Drug Concentrations

The preliminary phytochemical screening revealed that, antimicrobial properties of the leaf extracts were due to secondary metabolites such as amino acids, essential oils, flavonoids and saponins contained. The antimicrobial activities of alcoholic extracts were tested against pathogenic fungal isolates of Candida albicans and Trichophyton mentagrophyte. This was performed by inoculating the isolates into the pure extract, spread onto petri plates containing Sabouraud dextrose agar (SDA) media, observed for growth at stipulated standards. The sensitivity test was done by the disk diffusion method to test the effectiveness of an antimycotic (Griseofulvin) applied on the specific isolates. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was determined to ascertain the lowest drug concentrations that inhibited the fungal growths. The antimicrobial test revealed that, the leaf extracts of Eupatorium odoratum and Canjanus cajan inhibited the growths of the organisms while extracts of Citrus aurantifolia and Eucalyptus citriodora only prevented the growth of Candida albicans. The sensitivity test recorded the inhibition zone to range from 11 mm to 32 mm, with the lowest cleared area reported in the extract of E. citriodora and the highest in E, odoratum. Consequently, the MIC values of extracts at dilution levels were; E. odoratum: 1: 10000; 1: 1000, C. cajan: 1: 1000; 1: 10000, E. citriodora: 1:1000; 1:100 and C. aurantifolia: 1: 100000; 1: 100 respectively. This work has confirmed the progressive utilization of plants as antimicrobials for the benefit of mankind, to have originated from microbial sources.

scholarly journals Antifungal and antibacterial activities of polyherbal toothpaste against oral pathogens, In vitro

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Batool Sadeghi-Nejad ◽  
Eskandar Moghimipour ◽  
Sedigheh Yusef Naanaie ◽  
Shahrzad Nezarat
Keyword(s):  
Dental Caries ◽  
Streptococcus Mutans ◽  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Periodontal Diseases ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Oral Infections ◽  
Oral Pathogens

Original article Article History: Received: 23 April 2018 Revised: 20 July 2018 Accepted: 06 August 2018 * Corresponding author:Batool Sadeghi-NejadAbadan School of Medical Sciences, Abadan, Iran.Email: [email protected] Introduction One of the most common chronic oral infections in the world is dental caries [1]. Oral pathogenic microorganisms have been the cause of dental plaques, dental caries, as well as gingival and periodontal diseases [2]. Streptococcus mutans is one of the main opportunistic pathogens of dental caries, which is responsible for the formation of dental plaque and caries [3]. Other microorganisms associated with this oral condition include Escherichia coli, S. aureus [4], and Candida species. C. albicans is the most frequent yeast isolated from the oral cavities with poor oral hygiene [2]. The formulation ingredients of commercial toothpastes are mostly chemical substances, such as fluoride and whitening agents [2]. The literature contains evidence regarding the adverse effects of fluoride and bleaching agents (e.g., peroxide-based agents) used in the commercial toothpastes [5]. With this background in mind, the present study aimed to formulate a polyherbal toothpaste without any A B S T RA C TBackground and Purpose: Herbal toothpastes are more secure and efficacious and less poisonous due to containing natural chemicals as compared with the synthetic toothpastes. The present study aimed to formulate a polyherbal toothpaste using accessible medicinal plants in Iran and evaluate its efficiency in the protection of oral hygiene and prevention of dental caries. Materials and Methods: The developed toothpaste was made of the leaf extracts of Artemisia dracunculus, Satureja khuzestanica (Jamzad), and Myrtus communis (Linn), combined at four different dilutions, namely 1:4 (25%), 1:1 (50%), 3:4 (75%), and (100%), with sterile distilled water. The product was tested against five microorganisms, including Streptococcus mutans, Lactobaccilus caseie, S. sanguis, S. salivarius, and Candida albicans, using agar well diffusion method. Results: After 24 h of incubation, the maximum mean diameters of inhibition zone against L. caseie and C. albicans were obtained as 17-30 and 10-25 mm, respectively. Furthermore, the minimum mean diameter of inhibition zone against S. salivarious was estimated as 15-20 mm. Conclusion: The formulated toothpaste showed potent inhibitory activities against Gram-positive bacteria and C. albicans. Therefore, more studies are required to accurately investigate the efficacy of the formulated toothpaste. Keywords: Antibacterial, Antifungal, Oral pathogens, Polyherbal toothpaste, Yeast

scholarly journals Microbiological Assessment of Moringa Oleifera Extracts and Its Incorporation in Novel Dental Remedies against Some Oral Pathogens

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 585-590 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanaa Elgamily ◽  
Amani Moussa ◽  
Asmaa Elboraey ◽  
Hoda EL-Sayed ◽  
Marwa Al-Moghazy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Streptococcus Mutans ◽  
Moringa Oleifera ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Extraction Methods ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Oral Pathogens ◽  
Ethanol Extracts ◽  
Different Parts

AIM: To assess the antibacterial and antifungal potentials of different parts of Moringa oleifera plant using different extraction methods in attempts to formulate natural dental remedies from this plant.MATERIAL AND METHODS: Three solvents extracts (Ethanol, acetone, and ethyl acetate) of different parts of Egyptian Moringa tree were prepared and tested against oral pathogens: Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus mutans, and Candida albicans using disc diffusion method; As well as to incorporate the plant extract to formulate experimental toothpaste and mouthwash.  The two dental remedies  were assessed against the same microbial strains. Statistical analysis was performed using One-Way ANOVA test to compare the inhibition zone diameter and t-test.RESULTS: Ethanol  extracts  as well as leaves extracts demonstrated the highest significant mean inhibition zone values (P ≤ 0.05) against Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus mutans growth. However, all extracts revealed no inhibition zone against Candida albicans. For dental remedies, experimental toothpaste exhibited higher mean inhibition than the mouthwash against Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus mutans and only the toothpaste revealed antifungal effect against Candida albicans.CONCLUSION: The different extracts of different parts of Moringa showed an antibacterial effect against Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus mutans growth. The novel toothpaste of ethanolic leaves extract has antimicrobial and antifungal potential effects all selected strains.

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