scholarly journals Aktivitas Antimikroba Ekstrak Kulit Buah Kelengkeng (Euphoria longan Stend) Terhadap Pertumbuhan Candida albicans Dan Propionibacterium acne

Media Farmasi ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 155
Author(s):  
Alfrida Monica Salasa ◽  
St Ratnah
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Chemical Compounds ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Fruit Peel ◽  
Propionibacterium Acne ◽  
Inhibition Zone Diameter ◽  
Zone Diameter ◽  
Peel Extract

Longan Fruit (Euphoria longan Stend) Peel Waste contains chemical compounds with antimicrobial activity, which are not fully utilized. The study aims to determine the inhibition of Longan Fruit Peel extract (Euphoria longan Stend) against Candida albicans and Propionibacterium acne. Furthermore, Longan fruit (Euphoria longan Stend) was dried and extracted by maceration method using 96% ethanol, then tested for its antimicrobial activity by agar diffusion method at a concentration of 5% 7.5% and 10% w/v. The results showed that the average inhibition zone diameter for Candida albicans at 5% concentration was 14.33 mm, 7.5% concentration was 15.33 mm, and 10% concentration was 16.66 mm. Meanwhile, the inhibition zone diameter for Propionibacterium acne at a concentration of 5% w/v was 14.67 mm, 7.5% w/v was 16.67 mm, and 10% w/v was 18.33 mm. The Longan Fruit Peel Extract (Euphoria longan Stend) has antimicrobial activity tested against Candida albicans at a concentration of 7.5% w/v and 10% w/v for Propionibacterium acne. Keywords: Longan Fruit Peel Extract, Antimicrobial activity, Candida albicans, Propionibacterium acneLimbah Kulit Buah Kelengkeng (Euphoria longan Stend) mengandung senyawa kimia yang memiliki aktivitas sebagai antimikroba, namun sampai saat ini belum dimanfaatkan secara maksimal. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menentukan daya hambat ekstrak Kulit Buah kelengkeng (Euphoria longan Stend) terhadap Candida albicans dan Propionibacterium acne. Kulit buah kelengkeng (Euphoria longan Stend) dikeringkan kemudian diekstraksi dengan metode maserasi dengan menggunakan Etanol 96% lalu diuji aktivitas antimikrobanya dengan metode difusi agar pada konsentrasi 5%; 7,5% dan 10%b/v. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan  rata-rata diameter zona hambat untuk Candida albicans pada konsnetrasi 5% sebesar 14,33 mm, konsentrasi 7,5% sebesar 15,33 mm, konsentrasi 10% sebesar 16,66 mm. Sedangkan diameter zona hambat untuk Propionibacterium acne pada konsentrasi 5% b/v sebesar 14,67 mm, 7,5% b/v sebesar 16,67 mm, dan  konsetrasi 10% b/v sebesar 18,33 mm  Hasil uji statistik menunjukkan Ekstrak Kulit Buah kelengkeng (Euphoria longan Stend) memiliki aktivitas antimikroba terhadap Candida albicans pada konsentrasi 7,5% b/v dan konsentrasi 10%b/v untuk Propionibacterium acne.Kata Kunci : Ekstrak Kulit Buah Kelengkeng, Aktivitas antimikroba, Candida albicans, Propionibacterium acne

scholarly journals ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY AND PHYTOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF ACTINODAPHNE GLOMERATA LEAVES EXTRACT

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-26
Author(s):  
Suharyani Ine ◽  
Harlinda Kuspradini ◽  
Julinda Manalu
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Streptococcus Mutans ◽  
Chemical Compounds ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Streptococcus Sobrinus ◽  
Agar Diffusion Method

This study aimed to determine the antimicrobial activity and chemical compounds by phytochemical analysis of Actinodaphne glomerata leaves. The extraction was performed by maceration method using n-hexane solvent. The antimicrobial activity was tested by agar diffusion method against Candida albicans, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus mutans and Streptococcus sobrinus. The n-hexane crude extracts was tested for its antimicrobial activity using 125, 250 and 500 μg/well of concentrations. Based on phytochemical analysis, it showed that n-hexane extract of A. glomerata leaves contained alkaloids, triterpenoid and carbohydrates. The extract inhibited all tested microorganisms and the best inhibition zone was shown against S. sobrinus (19.56 mm) at concentration 500 μg/well.

scholarly journals Antifungal and growths regulation activity of new metal-organic compounds

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 143-149
Author(s):  
O. V. Bashta ◽  
L. P. Pasichnyk ◽  
N. M. Voloshchuk ◽  
G. G. Repich ◽  
O. O. Zholob ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Copper Complex ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Chelate Complexes ◽  
Inhibition Zone Diameter ◽  
Zone Diameter ◽  
Grain Crops ◽  
Metal Organic

The aim of present paper is to study the antifungal activity of the new platinum, palladium and copper chelate complexes with different organic ligands against Fusarium strains and to determine the influence of these compounds on the germination energy and seed germination of investigated grain crops. Methods. In vitro antifungal activities of new chelate complexes were studied by the agar disk diffusion method. New complexes were tested against pathogenic Fusarium strains such as — F. culmorum 3260/4, F. verticillioides and F. sporotrichioides. The toxic effect of new complexes was evaluated according to changes in germination power and seed germination of grain crops — winter wheat, vernal barley and maize. The determination of these characteristics was carried out in accordance with the standard demands. Results. Our results revealed that palladium complex H exhibited fungicidal activity against F. culmorum 3260/4 and fungistatic activity against F. verticillioides with growth inhibition zone diameter 25 mm ad 20 mm respectively. Copper complex 2 showed a moderate fungicidal effect against F. culmorum 3260/4 strain (inhibition zone diameter 12 mm). The treatment of grain crops seeds with the H and 2 complexes demonstrated the less toxicity than standard agent — commercial fungicide tebuconazol. These complexes had also less negative influence on the germination power for all test cultures than tebuconazol. Copper complex 2 showed a noticeable growth promoting effect on studied seeds compared to seeds under conditions without treatment. Conclusions. Thus, the studied complexes can be considered as promising antifungal agents with growth regulating properties. The directional modification of the complexes to obtain the more potent derivatives will be performed.Keywords: metal-organic compounds, antifungal, growths regulation activity.

scholarly journals Chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of extracts from thyme and rosemary against Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans

BioResources ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 9656-9671
Author(s):  
Akram Sabzikar ◽  
Seyyed Khalil Hosseinihashemi ◽  
Younes Shirmohammadli ◽  
Abbas Jalaligoldeh
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Rosemary Extract ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Main Components

Different concentrations of ethanolic extracts of thyme (Zataria multiflora) and rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis) were evaluated to determine their antimicrobial activity using the agar-well diffusion method. The values of inhibition zone diameter (IZD) for Candida albicans fungus and Staphylococcus aureus Gram-positive bacteria were determined. The bioactivities of two various extracts were studied, and the chemical composition of the extracts were identified using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) technique. The results of the test showed that at concentrations of 10% and 40% thyme extract, the values of IZD were 12.5 mm and 23.3 mm, respectively, against the growth of S. aureus, which were higher than C. albicans (7.0 mm and 22.5 mm, respectively). The rosemary extract at concentrations of 20% and 60% showed lower antibacterial activity against S. aureus (4.7 mm and 8.7 mm IZD, respectively) and lower antifungal activity against C. albicans (12.2 mm and 1.7 mm IZD, respectively). At a concentration of 40% thyme extract, the highest antibacterial (23.3 mm IZD) and antifungal (22.5 mm IZD) activities were observed. The GC/MS analysis showed that carvacrol (52.3%), linalool L (16%), and thymol (9.6%) were the main components of thyme extract, while in the rosemary extract β-amyrone (18.0%), verbenone (8.0%), and 1,8-cineole (7.26%) were the major constituents.

scholarly journals Uji Daya Hambat Ekstrak Kulit Langsat (Lansium parasiticum) Terhadap Pertumbuhan Bakteri Enterococcus faecalis Secara In Vitro

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 70-74
Author(s):  
Andhini Ardi ◽  
Dedi Sumantri ◽  
Surma Adnan
Keyword(s):  
Enterococcus Faecalis ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Fruit Peel ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Inhibition Effect ◽  
Facultative Anaerobic Bacteria ◽  
Peel Extract

Enterococcus faecalis is a bacteria that commonly found in secondary root canal infections. Enterococcus faecalis is a gram-positive, facultative anaerobic bacteria. Langsat (Lansium parasiticum) is a natural ingredient that contains secondary metabolites and has antibacterial ativity. The aim of this study was to examine the inhibition effect of langsat fruit peel extract (Lansium parasiticum) to the growth of Enterococcus faecalis. This was a laboratory experimental study with post-only control group design. Langsat fruit peel extract with 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100% concentration was using disc diffusion method on Mueller-Hinton Agar (MHA) and the inhibition zone was measured with a sliding caliper. The data were analyzed with Kruskal-Wallis test and Mann-Whithney test. The result of this study was langsat fruit peel extract with 25%, 50%, 75% concentration showed a inhibition zone, while at 100% showed no inhibition zone. The Kruskal-Wallis test showed that there are significant differences (p <0.05) between all groups. The conclusion was langsat fruit peel extract (Lansium parasiticum) have weak inhibition effect of the growth of Enterococcus faecalis bacteria. The inhibition zone of concentrations 25% : 2,20 mm;  50%: 0,94 mm; 75%: 0,36 mm and 100% : 0,00 mm.

scholarly journals Fluconazole Susceptibilities of Bloodstream Candidasp. Isolates as Determined by National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards Method M27-A and Two Other Methods

1999 ◽  
Vol 37 (7) ◽  
pp. 2197-2200 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emilia Cantón ◽  
Javier Pemán ◽  
Alfonso Carrillo-Muñoz ◽  
Ana Orero ◽  
Pedro Ubeda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
Geometric Mean ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
National Committee ◽  
Dilution Method ◽  
Inhibition Zone Diameter ◽  
Zone Diameter ◽  
The Mean

The in vitro activity of fluconazole against 143Candida spp. obtained from the bloodstreams of 143 hospitalized patients from 1995 to 1997 was studied. Susceptibility tests were carried out by two macrodilution methods, the M27-A and a modified M27-A method (0.165 M, pH 7/morpholinepropanesulfonic acid-buffered RPMI 1640 medium supplemented with 20 g ofd-dextrose per liter), and by the agar diffusion method (with 15-μg fluconazole [Neo-Sensitab] tablets). With 2 μg of fluconazole per ml, 96.92% of 65 C. albicans isolates, 86.2% of 58 C. parapsilosis isolates 7 of 8 C. tropicalis isolates, and 1 of 6 C. glabrata isolates were inhibited. Only one strain of C. albicans and one strain of C. tropicalis were resistant. The agreement between the two macrodilution methods was greater than 90% within ±2 log2 dilutions for all strains except C. glabrata (83.3%) and C. tropicalis(87.5%). Generally, MICs were 1 log2 dilution lower in glucose-supplemented RPMI 1640 medium. No correlation between zone sizes and MICs was found. All strains susceptible by the diffusion test were susceptible by the dilution method, but the converse was not necessarily true. Interestingly, inhibition zones were smaller forC. albicans, for which the geometric mean MIC was 0.29 μg/ml and the mean inhibition zone diameter was 25.7 mm, while for C. parapsilosis the geometric mean MIC was 0.96 μg/ml and the mean inhibition zone diameter was 31.52 mm. In conclusion, the two macrodilution methods give similar results. The modified M27-A method with 2% dextrose has the advantage of shortening the incubation time and simplifying the endpoint determination.

Effect of Pomegranate Peel Extract onCandida albicansGrowth and Biofilm Formation

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 120-128
Author(s):  
H. Merzouk ◽  
B. Bedja ◽  
B. Benmeziane ◽  
N. Touati ◽  
M. Chibane
Keyword(s):  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Qualitative Assessment ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Fruit Peel ◽  
Pomegranate Peel ◽  
Total Polyphenols ◽  
Pomegranate Peel Extract ◽  
Peel Extract

In the present work, we studied the potential antioxidant capacity and antibiofilm of pomegranate peel extract of two cultivars againstCandida albicansstrains. First, both pomegranate peel extracts were evaluated to determine their total phenolic and tannin contents. Their antioxidant activity was investigated using hydrogen peroxide scavenging assay. Acid fruit peel extract showed the most significant levels of total polyphenols (513.78 ± 1.552 mg GAE/g DE) and possessed the strongest antioxidant ability (96.32%). Next, the possible effect of the extracts onCandida albicansstrains was studied using agar diffusion method and subjected to various extracts concentrations. The zone sizes of growth inhibition showed clearly that these extracts had a good antifungal activity againstCandida albicansspecies in the following order: CA1 > CA3 > CA2 with minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) in the range 0.97–1.94 mg/ml. Images obtained by scanning electron microscopy allowed for a qualitative assessment of the biofilm reduction.

scholarly journals Effect of Spoilage on the Antimicrobial Potential and Phytochemical Components of Ginger and Garlic

2021 ◽  
pp. 63-66
Author(s):  
Osaro-Matthew R. C. ◽  
Itaman V. O. ◽  
Kogonye J.
Keyword(s):  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Inhibition Zone Diameter ◽  
Zone Diameter ◽  
Antimicrobial Potential ◽  
Test Organisms ◽  
Aspergillus Sp ◽  
Phytochemical Components

This study evaluated the effect of microbial spoilage on the phytochemical component and antimicrobial potential of Garlic (Alliums Sativum) and Ginger (Zingiber offinale). The antimicrobial activities of both spoilt and un-spoilt Ginger and Garlic were assessed by measuring the inhibition zone diameter using agar well diffusion method. The result showed that both spoilt and un-spoilt samples were active against all test organisms with ethanolic extract of un-spoilt Garlic showing the highest activity against Staphylococcus sp. and Aspergillus sp with mean inhibition zone diameter (21.00mm and 21.50mm) respectively. Similarly the ethanolic extract of un-spoilt Ginger exhibited greatest activity against Staphylococcus sp. and Aspergillus sp with mean inhibition zone diameter (20.00Smm and 20.00mm) respectively. The preliminary phytochemical screening of the samples revealed the absence of saponin in spoilt samples of both Ginger and Garlic while phenol and flavonoid became more prominent in the both spoilt samples. This study confirms that microbial degradation of some plant extracts does not affect the antimicrobial potential and suggest usage of these products even if spoilage is noticed.

scholarly journals SKRINING FITOKIMIA DAN UJI AKTIVITAS ANTIBAKTERI EKSTRAK ETANOL DAUN RACUN AYAM (Brucea javanica [L.] Merr.) ASAL KALIMANTAN SELATAN

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-68
Author(s):  
Sutomo Sutomo ◽  
◽  
Arnida Arnida ◽  
Fahriah Fahriah
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
Inhibition Zone Diameter ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Zone Diameter ◽  
Brucea Javanica

Racun ayam is one of the plants which has several activities in its fruits, one of which is an antibacterial. This study aims to determine the antibacterial activity of ethanol extract of racun ayam leaves. The extraction was done by maceration method using ethanol as a solvent. Antibacterial activity assay was carried out on S. aureus, E. coli, and P. aeruginosa bacteria by disk diffusion method at the concentrations of 80, 100, and 120 ppm. The results showed that the ethanol extract of B. javanica leaves had the greatest inhibition zone on E. coli with inhibition zone diameter values ​​at 80, 100, and 120 ppm were 11.7 mm, 14.5 mm and 19.67 mm respectively. Inhibition zones in S. aureus could only be seen at 100 and 120 ppm which had inhibition zone diameters at 1.17 mm and 2.17 mm respectively, whereas in P. aeruginosa they did not have any inhibitory zone values. The results of statistical analysis showed a significance of the inhibition zone diameter values ​​of E. coli bacteria starting at 80 ppm with a sig value of 0.034. Due to a sig value was <0.05, it was categorized as significantly different from the negative control. The bacteria of S. aureus which had ​​<0.05 for sig values only found on 100 ppm and 120 ppm. Bacteria P. aeruginosa which had sig value >0.05 was not significantly different at all concentrations

scholarly journals UJI AKTIVITAS ANTIMIKROBA EKSTRAK DAN FRAKSI SPONS Phyllospongia lamellosa DARI PERAIRAN TUMBAK, MINAHASA TENGGARA TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN MIKROBA Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus DAN Candida albicans

PHARMACON ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 815
Author(s):  
Kartini Ratu ◽  
Herny E. I. Simbala ◽  
Henki Rotinsulu
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Activity Test ◽  
Paper Disk ◽  
Agar Diffusion Method

ABSTRACT Sponges are a component of coral reef biota. These sea animals are known to contain compounds that have the potential to be developed in the field of medicine, including as an antimicrobial. This study aims to determine the antimicrobial activity of Phyllospongia lamellosa sponge against the growth of Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Candida albicans collected in the waters of Tumbak, Posumaen District, Southeast Minahasa. The antimicrobial activity test was carried out by agar diffusion method. The results showed that the extract and fraction of Phyllospongia lamellose had antimicrobial activity seen in the inhibition zone formed around the paper disk against the test microbes. Ethanol extrack and fraction from Phyllospongia lamellosa sponge showed the greatest antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans with an average value of 13,33 mm was categorized as strong , than in Staphylococcus aureus with an average value of 13 mm is categorized as strong and on Escherichia coli 11 mm categorized as strong. Keywords  :Phyllospongia lamellosa, antimicrobial activity, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Candida albicans ABSTRAK Spons merupakan salah satu komponen biota penyusun terumbu karang.  Hewan laut ini diketahui mengandung senyawa- senyawa yang berpotensi untuk dikembangkan dalam bidang pengobatan, diantaranya sebagai antimikroba. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui aktivitas antimikroba spons Phyllospongia Lamellosa terhadap pertumbuhan Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli dan Candida albicans yang diambil pada perairan Tumbak Kecamatan Posumaen, Minahasa Tenggara. Uji aktifitas antimikroba dilakukan dengan metode difusi agar. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak dan fraksi spons Phyllospongia lamellose memiliki aktifitas antimikroba dilihat zona hambat yang terbentuk disekitar cakram kertas terhadap mikroba uji. Ekstrak etanol dan fraksi dari Spons Phyllospongia lamellosa menunjukkan aktivitas antimikroba paling kuat terhadap candida albicans dengan nilai rata-rata 13,33 mm dikategorikan kuat, kemudian pada Staphylococcus aureus dengan nilai rata-rata 13 mm dikategorikan kuat, dan pada Escherichia coli 11 mm dikategorikan kuat. Kata Kunci :  Phyllospongia lamellosa, aktivitas antimikroba, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Candida albicans

scholarly journals Relationships of irrigation water and soil physical and chemical characteristics with yield, chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of Damask rose essential oil

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. e0249363
Author(s):  
Mansureh Ghavam
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Rosa Damascena ◽  
Inhibition Zone Diameter ◽  
Zone Diameter ◽  
Aspergillus Brasiliensis ◽  
Damask Rose

Damask rose (Rosa damascena Mill.) is an aromatic medicinal plant rich in bioactive compounds with high value in the food, pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries. Knowledge of the factors affecting the quantitative and qualitative properties of the compounds in its essential oil (EO) and the bioactivity of this EO is important in optimizing Damask rose cultivation and production. This research studied, for the first time, the effects of irrigation water and soil chemical and physical characteristics on the EO yield of this important commercial species and on it chemical composition and antimicrobial activity. The results showed the significant effect of crop cultivation site on yield, chemical composition and inhibition zone diameter (IZD) at the 1% significance level. The highest EO yield (~0.0266%), which belonged to the Noushabad site (EON), resulted from the increased soil electrical conductivity (EC) and the higher sand, gypsum and lime contents and irrigation water salinity. Analysis of the chemical composition of the EOs showed that their main compounds at all three crop sites were citronellol, nonadecane, heneicosane and geraniol. The EO obtained from the Yazdel site (EOY) had the highest contents of citronellol and geraniol (~29.05% and ~6.85%) that were directly correlated with soil potassium and phosphorus contents and inversely correlated with soil acidity and EC and its lime, nitrogen, and organic carbon contents. Antimicrobial assays indicated that the EO extracted from the Sefidshahr site (EOS), which had the largest inhibition zone diameter (~14.67 mm) for Aspergillus brasiliensis (IZD~14.67 mm) and the lowest MIC (~31.25 μg/mL) for Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, exhibited efficacy similar to that of rifampin, probably due to the dominance of the alkanes in it. The EOY and EOS also exhibited the strongest inhibitory and lethal activity against Candida albicans (MIC and MBC <15.63 μg/mL for EOY and MIC and MBC = 62.5 μg/mL for EOS), which were six and four times stronger than those of nystatin, respectively. Therefore, the selected EOs can act as a potentially promising strategy for fighting microbial strains.

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