scholarly journals European leaders unmasked: Covid-19 communication strategy through Twitter

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lindsay Drylie-Carey ◽  
Sebastián Sánchez-Castillo ◽  
Esteban Galán-Cubillo
Keyword(s):  
Visual Information ◽  
World Health Organisation ◽  
Communication Strategy ◽  
Public Image ◽  
World Health ◽  
The European Union ◽  
The Public ◽  
Preventative Measures ◽  
Health Authorities ◽  
The World

The coronavirus disease Covid-19 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic is exacting a huge toll on individuals, families, communities, and societies across the world. The study of public communication is a key aspect for slowing the spread of the virus and therefore reducing the death rate. This article analyses political leaders’ crisis communication during the Covid-19 pandemic of the most affected European countries, Boris Johnson (United Kingdom), Emmanuel Macron (France), Pedro Sánchez (Spain) and Giuseppe Conte (Italy), in addition to Tedros Adhanom as a representative of the World Health Organisation (WHO) and Ursula Von der Leyen President of the European Union (EU). The study focuses on the visual information (images and videos) published in their Twitter profiles, with the aim of highlighting the strategies of recommendations by health authorities during the first 40 days of the pandemic. After analysis of the visual content of 634 tweets, the results show significant differences amongst the preventative measures recommended (social distancing, use of masks, hand washing, etc.) and the public image projected by the leaders in their Twitter profiles.

scholarly journals Modelling and analysis of COVID-19 epidemic in India

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alok Tiwari
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Doubling Time ◽  
Single Case ◽  
World Health Organisation ◽  
Public Health Emergency ◽  
Positive Case ◽  
World Health ◽  
The Public ◽  
First Case ◽  
The World

ABSTRACTCOVID-19 epidemic is declared as the public health emergency of international concern by the World Health Organisation in the second week of March 2020. This disease originated from China in December 2019 has already caused havoc around the world, including India. The first case in India was reported on 30th January 2020, with the cases crossing 6000 on the day paper was written. Complete lockdown of the nation for 21 days and immediate isolation of infected cases are the proactive steps taken by the authorities. For a better understanding of the evolution of COVID-19 in the country, Susceptible-Infectious-Quarantined-Recovered (SIQR) model is used in this paper. It is predicted that actual infectious population is ten times the reported positive case (quarantined) in the country. Also, a single case can infect 1.55 more individuals of the population. Epidemic doubling time is estimated to be around 4.1 days. All indicators are compared with Brazil and Italy as well. SIQR model has also predicted that India will see the peak with 22,000 active cases during the last week of April followed by reduction in active cases. It may take complete July for India to get over with COVID-19.

scholarly journals SARS: current overview, aetiology and epidemiology

2003 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 46-55
Author(s):  
Semra Čavaljuga ◽  
Michael Faulde ◽  
Jerrold J. Scharninghausen
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
World Health Organisation ◽  
The United States ◽  
Air Travel ◽  
World Health ◽  
New Disease ◽  
The Past ◽  
Health Authorities ◽  
The World ◽  
Public Health Authorities

At this moment, public health authorities, physicians and scientists around the world are struggling to cope with a severe and rapidly spreading new disease in humans called severe acute respiratory syndrome, or SARS. According to World Health Organisation (WHO) this appears to be the first severe and easily transmissible new disease to emerge in the 21st century. Though much about the disease remains poorly understood, including the details of the causative virus, we do know that it has features that allow it to spread rapidly along international air travel routes. As of 10 May 2003, a cumulative 7296 probable SARS cases with 526 deaths have been reported from 30 countries on three continents (WHO, ProMED). In the past week, more than 1000 new probable cases and 96 deaths were reported globally. This represents an increase of 119 new cases and 8 new deaths compared with 9 May 2003 (China (85), Taiwan (23), and Hong Kong (7) represented the overwhelming majority, with one additional case each reported from France, Malaysia, Singapore, and the United States). Only in China, as of 10 May 2003 (WHO) total of 4884 with 235 deaths have been reported. Some outbreaks have reassuring features.

scholarly journals Clinical trial search portal launched

2007 ◽  
Vol 12 (19) ◽  
Author(s):  
Collective Editorial team
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
World Health Organisation ◽  
Target Audience ◽  
World Health ◽  
The Public ◽  
Health Practitioners ◽  
The World ◽  
Search For Information ◽  
International Initiative

On 4 May 2007, the Clinical Trial Search Portal (http://www.who.int/trialsearch) was launched. An international initiative led by the World Health Organisation (WHO), the portal aims to ease the rapid search for information about clinical trials worldwide. It is open to the public, but its target audience is health practitioners and researchers.

scholarly journals ZIKA - How Fast Does This Virus Mutate ?

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian S Logan
Keyword(s):  
Mutation Rate ◽  
Zika Virus ◽  
World Health Organisation ◽  
French Polynesia ◽  
Public Health Emergency ◽  
World Health ◽  
Simple Manner ◽  
Preventative Measures ◽  
Geographic Spread ◽  
The World

The World Health Organisation has declared the present epidemic of infection with the Zika virus to be a Public Health Emergency of International Concern. The virus appears to have spread from Thailand to French Polynesia in 2013, and has since infected over a million people in the countries of South and Central America. In most cases the infection is mild and transient, but the virus does appear to be strongly neurotropic and the presumptive cause of both birth defects in foetuses and Guillain-Barr&eacute syndrome in some adults. In this paper the techniques and utilities developed in the study of mitochondrial DNA are applied to the Zika virus. As a result it is possible to show in a simple manner how a phylogenetic tree may be constructed and how the mutation rate of the virus can be measured. The study shows the mutation rate to vary between 12 and 25 bases a year, in a viral genome of 10,272 bases. This rapid mutation rate will enable the geographic spread of the epidemic to be monitored easily and may also prove useful in assisting the identification of preventative measures that are working, and those which are not.

scholarly journals Introduction

2022 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Hanna Falk Erhag ◽  
Ulrika Lagerlöf Nilsson ◽  
Therese Rydberg Sterner ◽  
Ingmar Skoog
Keyword(s):  
World Health Organisation ◽  
World Health ◽  
Societal Implications ◽  
World Population ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Horizon 2020 ◽  
Social Innovations ◽  
The World ◽  
Scientific Challenge ◽  
First Time

AbstractIn 2020, for the first time in history, there were more people in the world aged 60 years and over than there were children below the age of 5 years. The population aged over 65 years is projected to increase from one billion in 2019 to more than two billion in 2050, and those aged over 80 years are projected to increase from 143 to 426 million, with the largest increase occurring in the developing world (UN World Population Prospects, 2019). This demographic trend constitutes the largest global health challenge, according to the World Health Organisation (WHO). The European Union has set it as one of the major challenges in Horizon 2020 and it has important societal implications (European Commission, 2020). The proportion of retired individuals will increase, leading to an increased ratio between those who have exited the workforce and those still active in the labour market. Thus, ageing represents a global societal and scientific challenge requiring integrated efforts, multidisciplinary translational research approaches and social innovations that build on ideas of potentials and capabilities, emphasising the value of old age.

scholarly journals An international review of the challenges associated with securing buy-in for water safety plans within providers of drinking water supplies

2010 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 387-398 ◽  
Author(s):  
Corinna Summerill ◽  
Jen Smith ◽  
James Webster ◽  
Simon Pollard
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
World Health Organisation ◽  
World Health ◽  
International Review ◽  
Water Safety ◽  
Financial Efficiency ◽  
The Public ◽  
Quality Guidelines ◽  
The World ◽  
Water Safety Plans

Since publication of the 3rd Edition of the World Health Organisation (WHO) Drinking Water Quality guidelines, global adoption of water safety plans (WSPs) has been gathering momentum. Most guidance lists managerial commitment and ‘buy-in’ as critical to the success of WSP implementation; yet the detail on how to generate it is lacking. This commentary discusses aspects of managerial commitment to WSPs. We argue that the public health motivator should be clearer and a paramount objective and not lost among other, albeit legitimate, drivers such as political or regulatory pressures and financial efficiency.

scholarly journals Disconnecting for the good: A network-oriented model for social contagion of opinions and social network interventions to increase adherence to social distancing

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric Araújo ◽  
Mariza Ferro ◽  
Gabrieli Silva
Keyword(s):  
Social Network ◽  
World Health Organisation ◽  
Social Contagion ◽  
Positive Opinion ◽  
World Health ◽  
Current Time ◽  
Social Distancing ◽  
Health Authorities ◽  
Best Response ◽  
The World

The pandemic of the new COVID-19 has raised many questions to a very connected society as to how to best respond to such a challenge at this current time. The best response so far is to call people for following the instructions from the World Health Organisation (WHO) as a way of reducing the spread of the virus and thus relieving the health system, striving to avoid a collapse. This work studies the spread of positive opinion on adhering to social distancing based on network topology and metrics using a network-oriented model for social contagion. It is shown that interventions based on social network measurements can be used to boost the spread of positive opinion about adhering to these measures. It is also shown that our model accounts for the relevance the health authorities have on encouraging people to partake in social distancing voluntarily.

scholarly journals Battling the COVID-19 infodemic in an Irish context: the role of iHealthFacts

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 81
Author(s):  
Marina Zaki ◽  
Declan Devane ◽  
Thomas Conway ◽  
Sandra Galvin ◽  
Nikita Burke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
World Health Organisation ◽  
Health Claims ◽  
World Health ◽  
Director General ◽  
The Public ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
Irish Context ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Choices

On the 11th of March 2020, the World Health Organisation (WHO) declared a global pandemic due to the SARS-CoV-2 virus, which causes coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). This was one month after Dr. Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus, Director-General of the WHO declared that we are also fighting an ‘infodemic’. The WHO has described an infodemic as an “over-abundance of information – some accurate and some not – that makes it hard for people to find trustworthy sources and reliable guidance when they need it”. iHealthFacts.ie is an Irish resource where the public can quickly and easily check the credibility and reliability of health claims circulating on social media. Unreliable claims can lead to poorly informed health choices. iHealthFacts is an initiative that supports the public to think critically about health claims and make well-informed choices. Here, we describe the role iHealthFacts plays in providing reliable information to the public and offer reflections from those involved in launching this initiative during a pandemic.

Similarities and differences in managing the Covid-19 crisis and climate change risk

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (10) ◽  
pp. 2597-2614
Author(s):  
Maria Laura Ruiu ◽  
Massimo Ragnedda ◽  
Gabriele Ruiu
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Risk Communication ◽  
Action Plan ◽  
World Health Organisation ◽  
World Health ◽  
Communication Model ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Public ◽  
The World ◽  
Similarities And Differences

Purpose This paper investigates both similarities and differences between two global threats represented by climate change (CC) and Covid-19 (CV). This will help understand the reasons behind the recognition of the CV as a pandemic that requires global efforts, whereas efforts to tackle climate change still lack such urgency. This paper aims to answer to the following questions: What are the elements that make CV restrictions acceptable by both the public and policymakers? and What are the elements that make CC restrictions not acceptable? Design/methodology/approach This paper analyses the situation reports released by the World Health Organisation between the 11th of March (declaration of pandemic) and the 22nd of April, and their associated documents such as the Strategic Preparedness and Response Plan (WHO), the Risk Communication and Community Engagement Action Plan (WHO) and its updated version (WHO) and the Handbook for public health capacity-building (WHO). The analysis ends one week after President Trump’s announcement to suspend US funding to WHO (Fedor and Manson, 2020) and his support to public demonstrations against restrictions. Findings The application of the second stage of the “Crisis and Emergency Risk Communication” model identifies five lessons that can be learned from this comparison. These relate to the necessity to simultaneously warn (about the severity of a threat) and reassure (by suggesting specific courses of action) the public; the need for multilevel collaboration that integrates collective and individual actions; the capacity to present cohesive messages to the public; the risk of politicisation and commodification of the issue that might undermine global efforts to tackle the threat; and the capacity to trigger individual responses through the promotion of self-efficacy. Originality/value This paper identifies both similarities and differences between CC and CV managements to understand why the two threats are perceived and tackled in different ways. The analysis of official documents released by both the World Health Organisation and the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate CV outbreak as a crisis, whereas climate change is still anchored to the status of a future-oriented risk.

scholarly journals Nanomedicines in the European translational process

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Susanne Bremer-Hoffmann ◽  
Valeria Amenta ◽  
François Rossi
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Present Report ◽  
World Health Organisation ◽  
Health Needs ◽  
World Health ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Medical Needs ◽  
Therapeutic Concepts ◽  
The World ◽  
Scientific Technical

AbstractIn 2013, the World Health Organisation (WHO) released an update of the report on “Priority Medicines for Europe and the World” with the aim to bridge the gap between public health needs and the current research and development priorities. A number of emerging technologies are currently explored for their potential to respond to the identified unmet medical needs. Nanotechnology has the potential to offer scientific/technical solutions for some of these pharmaceutical gaps. The present report investigates to what extent projects funded by the European Commission will lead to innovative formulations as well as new therapeutic concepts, if clinical studies in European Member States investigating nanomedicines and finally if nanotech based products authorised in the European Union will contribute to identified public health needs.

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