scholarly journals Analysis of tendencies of oil and gas engineering development

2020 ◽  
pp. 90-100
Author(s):  
O. V. Panevnyk ◽  
D. O. Panevnyk
Keyword(s):  
Oil And Gas ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Spare Parts ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Engineering Industry ◽  
Local Conditions ◽  
Oil Companies ◽  
Service Companies ◽  
Geological Conditions ◽  
Hydrocarbon Deposits

Based on the study of the dynamics of global costs for oilfield equipment, it was found that its production shows slow growth, the largest share of oil and gas machinery is in North America, and the largest segment of production belongs to the manufacture of equipment for collecting and transporting hydrocarbons and pipe products. In the process of analysis of the nomenclature and geography of production of machines, mechanisms, individual components and parts of drilling and oil and gas equipment, the inconsistency of the level of development of oil and gas engineering in Ukraine with the needs of the fuel and energy complex is shown. The required level of production of equipment and spare parts directly depends on the quality of maintenance of oil and gas machines, which with the development of new technologies for the development of hydrocarbon fields should increase. The main reasons for failures of oil and gas equipment are the lack of proper maintenance. Domestic oil companies are focused on the import of oil equipment, and a negative problem for the development of the domestic market of oil services is the reduction of their own production of oil and gas equipment. One of the most important competitive advantages of domestic service companies is a lower level of prices for services, as well as a deeper knowledge of the specifics and features of local conditions for the development of hydrocarbon deposits. An important aspect of the development of the service market is the transition to innovative technologies in the field of geological engineering and drilling. In accordance with the development trends of the world oil and gas engineering industry, the staffing requirements of service companies are increasing. Given the complexity of mining and geological conditions for the development of hydrocarbon deposits, the development of new technologies for oil and gas production requires increasing attention to training specialists who are aware of modern methods of design, operation and maintenance of oil and gas equipment.

scholarly journals ECONOMIC SUPPLY OF INNOVATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF CARBON HEALTH CARE WITH OIL-WEIGHTED SPARE PARTS

2019 ◽  
pp. 40-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. S. Pilka
Keyword(s):  
Oil And Gas ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Spare Parts ◽  
Hydrodynamic Modeling ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Information Modeling ◽  
Qualitative Assessment ◽  
Efficient Production ◽  
Investment Efficiency ◽  
Hydrocarbon Reserves

T The possibilities of attraction of investments for efficient removal of hydrocarbon reserves, which belong to hardrecoverable and mechanisms for attracting investments in the further development of oil and gas deposits in Ukraine, are presented. The main principles of the ranking of hydrocarbon reserves are considered, deposits structure analysis is needed to evaluate the prospects of transferring their parts to cost-effective ones if some economic conditions will change, as well as the appearance of new methods and technologies for attracting these reserves into development. For oil and gas companies information about the qualitative characteristics of profitable reserves and their distribution in the collectors is very important. The main advantages of using intelligent oil and gas field technologies, which enable real-time realization of fast processing of large volumes of geological information, modeling of various extraction scenarios, and the adoption of rational management decisions for optimizing oil and gas production are described. Hydrodynamic modeling, as an instrument for the search and growth of hydrocarbon reserves, its quantitative and qualitative assessment and a detailed comprehensive study of productive collectors based on modern achievements in geological and geophysical sciences is one of the main ways of development of hardrecoverable reserves. The application of existing and the creation of new technological solutions for the efficient production of oil and gas with positive economic indicators, is a logical continuation of a complex of works on low-yielding hydrocarbon deposits. The main source of growth of hydrocarbon reserves in deposits with a long history of development are: unidentified reserves outside the productive part of the deposit and missed oil-saturated intervals; oil-saturated intervals in the productive section, which aren’t attracted in the development. The development of hardrecoverable reserves is associated with considerable complexity, but the engineering approach, using development monitoring, hydrodynamic modeling, attracting international experience and new technologies, will increase profitability and obtain additional extraction of significant volumes of hydrocarbons, which will ensure not only the achievement of maximum investment efficiency, but also full usage of natural resources of hydrocarbons.

scholarly journals Deep oil. Offshore deposits of the Gulf of Mexico

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-21
Author(s):  
K. O. Iskaziev ◽  
P. E. Syngaevsky ◽  
S. F. Khafizov
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Gulf Of Mexico ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
The United States ◽  
Upper Jurassic ◽  
Seismic Facies ◽  
Oil Companies ◽  
History Of ◽  
Hydrocarbon Deposits

This article continues a series of reviews of the worlds oil and gas basins, where active exploration and development of hydrocarbon deposits in superdeep (6 km +) horizons are taking place, as probable analogues of projects in the Caspian megabasin, primarily the Eurasia project. In this regard the Gulf of Mexico is of great interest, since this region is very well studies over such a long history of its development and thus makes it possible to analyze a huge amount of data collected during this time. The Gulf of Mexico includes the deep-water, offshore and coastal parts of three countries the United States, Mexico and Cuba, and is one of the most important oil and gas provinces in the world. Its deposits are represented by various complexes from the Middle Jurassic to modern sediments, with a total thickness of 14,000 m and more. Exploration for hydrocarbons has been going on here for almost 100 years. During this time, various new technologies have been developed and successfully applied, such as forecasting abnormally high reservoir pressure, cyclostratigraphy and seismic facies analysis, characterization of low-resistivity productive reservoirs and the search for ultra-deep hydrocarbon deposits. Of all the variety of objects developed in the Gulf, in the context of the study of deep deposits, the main interest and possible associations with the Caspian megabasin are the deposits of the Norflet Formation of the Upper Jurassic, which are discussed in the main part of this article. Of course, we are not talking about a direct comparison; in particular, the aeolian origin of part of the section makes this object significantly different. Nevertheless, according to the authors, studying it, as well as understanding how a successful project for its development is being implemented right before our eyes, can provide a lot of important information for working in the deep horizons of the Caspian region. The article is divided into two parts. The first examines the geological history of the formation of the Gulf of Mexico Basin, the features of the deep-lying productive complex of the Norflet Formation. The second part provides information about the history of exploration of the Norflet productive complex, characteristics of the main discoveries, as well as the prospects for discoveries of new superdeep deposits in the Norflet Formation within the Gulf of Mexico (sectors of the United States and Mexico). Analysis of the history of the development of this complex by the global player Shell, is very important, as one of the scenarios for the development of deep horizons in other oil and gas basins, incl. Caspian. International Oil Companies are able to mobilize the necessary resources and technology to effectively address this challenge.

Improving the Geodynamic Safety of the Developed Hydrocarbon Fields in the Oil and Gas Bearing Basin

2021 ◽  
pp. 45-51
Author(s):  
Yu.R. Vladov ◽  
◽  
M.Yu. Nesterenko ◽  
Yu.M. Nesterenko ◽  
A.Yu. Vladova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Theoretical Data ◽  
Additive Models ◽  
Federal Law ◽  
Distribution Law ◽  
Pearson Criterion ◽  
Geological Conditions ◽  
Geodynamic Processes ◽  
Hydrocarbon Fields ◽  
Hydrocarbon Deposits

The predominant area of application of the developed methodology is the construction of the distribution of the geodynamic state of the developed hydrocarbon fields in oil and gas basin, and the identification of the corresponding distribution law. A number of the hydrocarbon deposits in terms of geological conditions of occurrence, structure and other parameters are geodynamically hazardous during their development. The Federal Law «On Subsurface Resources» (Article 24) requires conducting a complex of geological, surveying, and other observations sufficient for ensuring a normal technological cycle of work, and the prediction of hazardous situations. The developed methodology based on the construction of aggregated additive models for each reservoir and field is presented. It includes four sequential stages (24 operations): first — prepare geodynamic data; second — determine the geodynamic state of productive strata; third — find the geodynamic state of the developed deposits subsoil; fourth — build the distribution of the bowels geodynamic state of these fields for the entire oil and gas basin and identify the relevant distribution law. Oil and gas basin in the west of the Orenburg Region (Volga — Ural and Caspian oil and gas provinces) is considered as an example of implementation. Unique data of twenty geodynamic parameters of 320 productive strata (56 fields) were used. It is revealed that in accordance with the Pearson criterion, the theoretical data with a high confidence probability (95 %) correspond to the law of normal distribution. Developed methodology has significant technical and economic advantages, since it allows to identify the geodynamic state of productive strata and subsoil of the fields being developed, to identify hazardous geodynamic processes and to choose rational modes for the development of hydrocarbon deposits.

The Effect of Opal-Containing Rocks on the Properties of Lightweight Oil-Well Cement

2021 ◽  
Vol 325 ◽  
pp. 47-52
Author(s):  
Fedor L. Kapustin ◽  
N.N. Bashkatov ◽  
Rudolf Hela
Keyword(s):  
Flexural Strength ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Cement Stone ◽  
Oil Well ◽  
Cement Slurry ◽  
Water Separation ◽  
Oil And Gas Production ◽  
Geological Conditions ◽  
Cement Grinding

When constructing deep wells for oil and gas production in difficult geological conditions, special lightweight oil-well cements are used. To reduce the density and water separation of the cement slurry as well as to increase the strength, corrosion resistance of cement stone and the quality of well cementing, opal-containing rocks, fly ash, microsphere and other lightening additives are introduced into the cement composition. The influence of sedimentary rocks, such as opoka, tripoli, and diatomite containing from 43 to 81% amorphous silica on the grindability, rheological and physical-mechanical properties of lightweight oil-well Portland cement has been studied. The twelve cement compositions with different content of additives (from 30 to 45%) that meet the requirements of the standard for density, spreadability, water separation, thickening time and flexural strength were selected. The introduction of 45% diatomite or tripoli significantly reduces the duration of cement grinding, provides the cement slurry with water-cement ratio of 0.9 with better density and flexural strength, respectively, 1480 kg/m3 and 1.1–1.5 MPa.

Who Is Winning in Energy Transition?

2021 ◽  
Vol 73 (06) ◽  
pp. 34-37
Author(s):  
Judy Feder
Keyword(s):  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Peer Group ◽  
Energy Transition ◽  
Oil And Gas Industry ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Business Strategies ◽  
Field Energy ◽  
Carbon Intensity ◽  
Oil Companies

We talk about “the energy transition” as if it were some type of unified, global event. Instead, numerous approaches to energy transitions are taking place in parallel, with all of the “players” moving at different paces, in different directions, and with different guiding philosophies. Which companies are best positioned to survive and thrive, and why? This article takes a look at what several top energy research and business intelligence firms are saying. What a Difference a Year Makes Prior to 2020—in fact, as recently as the 2014 bust that followed the shale boom—the oil and gas industry weathered downturns by “tightening their belts” and “doing more with less” in the form of cutting capital expenditures and costs, tapping credit lines, and improving operational efficiency. Adopting advanced digitalization and cognitive technologies as integral parts of the supply chain from 2015 to 2019 led to significant performance improvements as companies dealt with “shale shock.” Then, in 2020, a strange thing happened. Just as disruptive technologies like electric vehicles and solar photovoltaic and new batteries were gaining traction and decarbonization and environmental, social, and governance (ESG) issues were rising to the top of global social and policy agendas, COVID-19 left companies with almost nothing to squeeze from their supply chains, and budget cuts had a direct impact on operational performance and short-term operational plans. To stabilize their returns, many oil and gas companies revised and reshaped their portfolios and business strategies around decarbonization and alternative energy sources. The result: The investment in efforts toward effecting energy transition surpassed $500 billion for the first time in early 2021 ($501.3 billion, a 9% increase over 2019, according to BloombergNEF) despite the economic disruption caused by COVID-19. According to Wood Mackenzie, carbon emissions and carbon intensity are now key metrics in any project’s final investment decision. And, Rystad Energy said that greenhouse-gas emissions are declining faster than what is outlined in many conventional models regarded as aggressive scenarios. In Rystad’s model, electrification levels will reach 80% by 2050. A Look at the Playing Field: Energy Transition Pillars In a February 2021 webinar, Rystad discussed what leading exploration and production (E&P) companies are doing to keep up with the energy transition and stay investable in the rapidly changing market environment. The consulting firm researched the top 25 E&P companies based on their oil and gas production in 2020 and analyzed how they approach various market criteria in “three pillars of energy transition in the E&P sector” that the firm regards as key distinguishers and important indicators of potential success (Fig. 1). The research excludes national oil companies (NOCs) except for those with international activity (INOCs). Rystad says these 25 companies are responsible for almost 40% of global hydrocarbon production and the same share of global E&P investments and believes the trends within this peer group are representative on a global scale.

Environmentalism and the Globalization of the Oil Industry in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

2018 ◽  
Vol 45 (5) ◽  
pp. 186-203 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Guadalupe Moog Rodrigues
Keyword(s):  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Environmental Governance ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
The State ◽  
Civil Society Organizations ◽  
Longitudinal Case Study ◽  
Oil And Gas Production ◽  
Oil Companies ◽  
Environmental Mobilization

The state of Rio de Janeiro has become a hub for oil and gas production and infrastructure since Brazil entered the global oil market in the 2000s. Observers have anticipated increasing tensions between environmental activists and oil companies. These predictions have not been fulfilled, despite increasing evidence of environmental degradation caused by oil production. What could be hindering environmental mobilization in defense of the environment and affected populations and against the unrestrained expansion of oil infrastructure in the state? A longitudinal case study of environmental activism in defense of the Guanabara Bay ecosystem suggests that answers must consider the combined effects of democratization, political and regulatory decentralization, and neoliberal reforms on socioenvironmental activism—specifically, its weakening as civil society organizations confront increasing burdens of participation in policy making, deeply fragmented institutional and regulatory frameworks for environmental governance, and the expansion of opportunities to engage in collaborative arrangements with corporations. O Estado do Rio de Janeiro tornou-se o centro da infraestrutura e produção de gás e petróleo desde que o Brasil ingressou no mercado internacional de petróleo nos anos 2000. Analistas vêm antecipando crescente tensão entre ativistas ambientais e companhias petrolíferas. Contudo, essas previsões não se concretizaram, não obstante evidência da degradação ambiental que a produção de petróleo vem causando. O que poderia estar impedindo a mobilização em defesa do meio ambiente e populações afetadas, e contra a expansão desmedida da infraestrutura petrolífera no estado? Um estudo de caso longitudinal do ativismo ambiental em defesa dos ecossistemas da Baía de Guanabara sugere que as repostas a essa questão devem considerar os efeitos combinados da democratização, descentralização política e regulatória, e reformas neoliberais no ativismo socioambiental—especificamente, seu enfraquecimento à medida que organizações da sociedade civil confrontam crescentes custos de participação nas políticas públicas, fragmentação de arcabouços regulatórios e institucionais de governança ambiental, e a expansão de oportunidades de engajamento em arranjos colaborativos com corporações.

There is no easy solution to Cuba’s fuel challenges

2019 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
The United States ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Oil Price ◽  
Oil And Gas Production ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Generating Capacity ◽  
Major Producer

Subject Cuba's energy troubles. Significance With a previously generous Venezuela facing economic crisis and the United States tightening sanctions, Cuba’s ability to augment its limited domestic oil and gas production is severely constrained. It lacks the export earnings to invest in new technologies and power generating capacity that could ease its fuel supply problems. Russia and China have spoken of offering assistance, but neither is inclined to provide handouts in the absence of commercial returns. Impacts Cuba has tried to trade more with Algeria and Angola but remains vulnerable to international oil price shifts. As a major producer of both sugar and biofuels, Brazil could provide a model for Cuba’s biofuel plans. Cubans are resilient and accustomed to hardship; the country’s looming economic troubles are unlikely to trigger serious unrest.

Legal Safeguards in Egypt's Petroleum Concession Agreements

2008 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 387-396
Author(s):  
Minas Khatchadourian
Keyword(s):  
Host Country ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Foreign Investors ◽  
Oil Companies ◽  
Production Sharing ◽  
Arbitration Clause ◽  
Legal Perspective ◽  
The Government ◽  
Oil Company

This article deals with the concession contracts for the exploration and the production of oil and gas in Egypt. Such tripartite contracts are concluded between the Government of Egypt (GOE) as the host country, a National Oil Company (NOC) as the concession holder and an international oil company (IOC) as the foreign contractor who receives a part of the oil or gas production on a production sharing agreement (PSA). From an Egyptian legal perspective, this contract is qualified as a State contract which is supposed to give the Government some exorbitant powers towards its counterparts. However, in order to attract foreign investors into this kind of agreement and encourage international oil companies to explore natural resources, several legal safeguards are incorporated in the concession agreement. Examples of this include placing the contract in the framework of a legislative act, granting the contract a supremacy on any contrary legislation, stabilization clause, adaptation of the contract through renegotiation, arbitration clause, etc.

scholarly journals Expansion of oil and gas production and increase environmental risk

2017 ◽  
pp. 7-16
Author(s):  
V. T. Trofimov ◽  
A. V. Nikolaev ◽  
A. D. Zhigalin ◽  
T. A. Baraboshkina ◽  
M. A. Kharkina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oil And Gas ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
National Level ◽  
Oil And Gas Industry ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Total Probability ◽  
Hydrocarbon Production ◽  
Marginal Seas ◽  
Emergency Situations

Oil and gas industry shows the danger of this kind of industry, including from the environmental point of view. Entering the waters of marginal seas and ocean significantly aggravated the situation, moving a significant part of the emergency situations related to hydrocarbon production, the level of regional and global. The use of new technologies in the production of shale hydrocarbons added new problems - the total probability of contamination of large amounts of geological space highly toxic chemicals. Tracking down of a new perspective mineral energy source - gas hydrates - allows to plan only while possible passing dangers, but shows, that the ecological risk can many times more. For opposition to threat of occurrence of emergencies in connection with growth of extraction of hydrocarbons expediently creation at a national level of special structures of the control and fast reaction. Such structures can be if necessary opened for the international cooperation, and are entered into jurisdiction of the United Nations Organization.

scholarly journals Carbon intensity of oil and gas production

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Omran Al-Kuwari ◽  
Dan Welsby ◽  
Baltazar Solano Rodriguez ◽  
Steve Pye ◽  
Paul Ekins
Keyword(s):  
Climate Policy ◽  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Carbon Intensity ◽  
Oil Companies ◽  
Climate Targets ◽  
Future Production ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Oil And Gas Sector

Abstract This report focuses on reviewing the types of carbon intensity metrics, and the use of such metrics across the oil and gas sector, to monitor progress towards transitioning away from fossil fuel production. Producers are under pressure to respond to challenging conditions resulting from increasing climate policy, tightening markets and a move away by investors. A number of commentators are suggesting that production may have peaked, given these emerging trends, and the ongoing Covid-19 pandemic.From a combination of review and modelling, this report provides some key insights on carbon intensity metrics and the impact of different carbon intensities on future production, which are pertinent to the future strategies of the oil and gas sector -·Narrow-scoped metrics that only include upstream emissions are insufficient for producers reporting on progress towards climate goals. The carbon intensity of the final product also needs to be considered, given that it is increasingly subject to increased demand-side policy e.g. in relation to carbon pricing, bans on the sale of internal combustion engines (ICEs) etc.·Given that climate targets are expressed in absolute terms, the relative measure of progress provided by carbon intensity metrics is insufficient to guide progress towards net-zero emissions. As shown by the modelling, there is a significant decline in the levels of production permitted under climate targets by 2050. ·Given the need for diversification, metrics that account for scope 3 emissions will be important, to help monitor the transformation away from oil and gas. As discussed in this report, a number of IOCs appear to be making small steps in this direction, although their key business focus very much remains on oil & gas. As the IEA (2020a) has reported, less than 1% of capital expenditure is being spent outside of core business areas.·However, cleaner operations are also important. Therefore, scope 1&2 metrics are still useful for minimising upstream emissions. The modelling highlights the impact for example of high carbon intensity gas resources (due to methane emissions) on their production levels. Unconventional resources, which tend to require more energy input per unit of extraction, and are more costly, appear unlikely to be exploited in our Paris-aligned case.·Any assertion that higher carbon intensity production upstream can be offset by lower emissions downstream (e.g. via higher vehicle efficiency standards) is not supported by the modelling. This is particularly the case where these oil products are exported abroad to regions with low efficiency forms of transportation/limited environmental regulation.·National oil companies (NOCs) have more potential to achieve emission reduction from operational emissions, although the incentives to do so might be lower (with far less scrutiny and reporting). Diversification is also likely to be more of a challenge for NOCs, due to the reliance of public budgets on revenues gained. However, a number of high-producing countries are vigorously exploring diversification strategies. Such strategies could include massively increasing support for renewable industries, and focusing on areas such as hydrogen production and CCS applications.·For the large NOC producers, with the lowest-cost conventional reserves, it is likely that they may be able to continue producing for the longest time, as climate policy stringency increases. However, given that NOCs hold the largest reserves, risks of stranding will be greater in absolute terms.

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