Decision-making in the Dairy Aisle: Maximizing Taste, Health, Cost and Family Considerations

2008 ◽  
Vol 69 (2) ◽  
pp. 66-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gail K. Hammond ◽  
Gwen E. Chapman
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Food Choices ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Health Concerns ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Decision Making Processes ◽  
Multiple Issues ◽  
Area Of Concern ◽  
Nutrition Educators

Purpose: To gain insight into the decision-making processes used by women when selecting dairy and dairy alternative foods, including examination of the role of bone health concerns. Methods: Semi-structured, point-of-purchase interviews were conducted with a convenience sample of 30 female grocery shoppers. Constant comparative data analysis was used to generate themes on shoppers’ decision-making processes. Results: Women considered multiple issues in their dairy and dairy alternative food choice strategies: taste was most often associated with the fat and sugar content of foods; health concerns were centred on achieving an acceptable body weight and preventing osteoporosis and cardiovascular disease, and women chose foods to satisfy other family members’ needs and preferences and to obtain “good food value.” Women prioritized their food choices by weighing the value of each issue, which led to a strategic process for “maximizing the value” of their food choices. The availability of a wide range of dairy and dairy alternative foods meant that in most instances, it was unnecessary for women to “trade off” one area of concern for another. Conclusions: Dietitians and nutrition educators can help women make dietary changes by helping them identify foods that they perceive as meeting a variety of needs.

scholarly journals Impact of Consumer Innovativeness on Shopping Styles: A Case-Study of Limkokwing University Students (Botswana)

2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olumide Olasimbo Jaiyeoba ◽  
Frederick Odongo Opeda
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Market Segment ◽  
Consumer Decision Making ◽  
Tertiary Institution ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Consumer Innovativeness ◽  
Retail Outlets ◽  
Decision Making Processes ◽  
The Relationship

The unprecedented abundance of choice and retail outlets creates a massive array of choice for consumers most especially students. Innovative consumers are an important market segment. This paper seeks to investigate whether consumers’ innate innovativeness is associated with their shopping styles. Specifically, it aims to explore the relationship between two types of innovativeness (sensory innovativeness and cognitive innovativeness and consumer shopping styles). Indeed, the unprecedented abundance of choice and retail outlets creates a massive array of choice for consumers. Despite these significant changes in the commercial environment, very little is known about the decision making processes of consumers in developing countries, most especially in Botswana. Ostensibly, the paucity of research in this area hinders our understanding of consumer decision making processes. The paper integrates the consumer innovativeness and consumer shopping styles literature. A structural equation model was used to test the relationship between cognitive and sensory innovativeness and various shopping styles. Cognitive innovators are inclined to show shopping styles such as quality consciousness, price consciousness, and confusion by overchoice, while sensory innovators are inclined to have shopping styles such as brand consciousness, fashion consciousness, recreational orientation, impulsive shopping, and brand loyalty/habitual shopping. The research is based on a convenience sample of young consumers in Botswana. The findings of this research would hopefully help managers to develop a deeper insight into product development and marketing. Furthermore, since the youth market in Botswana represents an enormous opportunity for marketers, the paper provides valuable insights into this key market segment. It thus provides new insights into the shopping patterns of consumers who belong to different innovativeness types. It also makes a new contribution to the shopping styles literature by explicating potential antecedents to the various shopping styles among the largest private tertiary institution students in Botswana.

Networks

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesca Panzironi
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Network Theory ◽  
Hierarchical Control ◽  
State Regulation ◽  
Competitive Market ◽  
Market Regulation ◽  
Procedural Rationality ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Governance Networks ◽  
Decision Making Processes

A network may refer to “a group of interdependent actors and the relationships among them,” or to a set of nodes linked by a web of interdependencies. The concept of networks has its origins in earlier philosophical and sociological ideas such as Jean-Jacques Rousseau’s “general will” and Émile Durkheim’s “social facts”, which adressed social and political communities and how decisions are mediated and ideas are structured within them. Networks encompass a wide range of theoretical interpretations and critical applications across different disciplines, including governance networks, policy networks, public administration networks, social movement networks, intergovernmental networks, social networks, trade networks, computer networks, information networks, and neural networks. Governance networks have been proposed as alternative pluricentric governance models representing a new form of negotiated governance based on interdependence, negotiation and trust. Such networks differ from the competitive market regulation and state hierarchical control in three aspects: the relationship between the actors, decision-making processes, and compliance. The decision-making processes within governance networks are founded on a reflexive rationality rather than the “procedural rationality” which characterizes the competitive market regulation and the “substantial rationality” which underpins authoritative state regulation. Network theory has proved especially useful for scholars in positing the existence of loosely defined and informal webs of experts or advocates that can have a real and substantial influence on international relations discourse and policy. Two examples of the use of network theory in action are transnational advocacy networks and epistemic communities.

scholarly journals From Public Participation to Co-Creation in the Cultural Heritage Management Decision-Making Process

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (16) ◽  
pp. 9321
Author(s):  
Olgica Grcheva ◽  
Beser Oktay Vehbi
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Public Participation ◽  
Heritage Management ◽  
Management Decision ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Cultural Heritage Management ◽  
Participation Decision ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Decision Making Processes

According to the ongoing discussions of researchers, practitioners, and international legislation, the prioritization of top-down decision-making processes in public participation is questionable due to their ambiguous outcomes in various contexts associated with the management of cultural heritage. The main aim of this paper is to highlight and identify co-creation as a sustainable and significant bottom-up methodology that has a wide range of applications, especially in the domain of Cultural Heritage Management (CHM). It is presented as an alternative to the already existing, less democratic, and passive public participation decision-making processes. Examining the evolution of the terms and the processes, together with the common aspects and differences between public participation and co-creation is another goal of this paper. Based on these aims and goals, after conducting case study analyses in various contexts and comprehensive theoretical reviews of the international charters and ongoing practices associated with both key terms, “public participation” and “co-creation”, this paper introduces results that have the potential to solve the existing problems in public participation models and frameworks and successfully integrate communities into the CHM decision-making process through the implementation of the co-creation methodology.

scholarly journals Grouping and analysis of chair quality and their basic elements

2009 ◽  
pp. 147-154 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dusan Skakic ◽  
Igor Dzincic
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element Method ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
Finite Element ◽  
Numerical Optimization ◽  
Optimal Solution ◽  
Engineering Practice ◽  
The Finite Element Method ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Decision Making Processes ◽  
Selection Of

Both the scientific experience and the engineering practice indicate that the decision making processes in the course of solving complex designing problems require an analysis of a great number of different construction variants. These types of decision-making processes are time consuming and do not always result in the selection of an optimal solution. That is why the methods of numerical optimization are applied in a wide range of technical sciences to assist in the selection of the best solution. The first step in solving the problem by using the Finite element method is to determine the type of chair earmarked for modeling, and to determine the dimensions of the chair elements.

scholarly journals Optimization of Decision-Making in Port Logistics Terminals: Using Analytic Hierarchy Process for the Case of Port of Thessaloniki

2014 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 255-268 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Gogas ◽  
Konstantinos Papoutsis ◽  
Eftihia Nathanail
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Decision Models ◽  
Analytic Hierarchy ◽  
Investment Projects ◽  
Complex Process ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Decision Making Processes ◽  
Private Management ◽  
Decision Making Model ◽  
Hierarchy Process

Abstract The management models pursued in logistics terminals determine their performance to a great extent. Terminals managed by public actors usually incorporate more social criteria into their decision-making processes. In addition, private management focuses on economic viability of the initiative. Decision-making is a complex process regardless the structure of management or the decision models useddue to the fact that a wide range of diverse criteria are embedded into this process. The objective of this paper it to determine a prioritization of a set of alternative options for investment projects which were suggested by port executives taking into account criteria and evaluation that have already validated by them. In order to perform the analysis a multi-criteria decision-making model was used: the Analytic Hierachy Process. The outcomes support a low-biased and efficient strategic planning through a balanced decision-making framework.

scholarly journals Uwarunkowania i kierunki zmian w procesach decydowania publicznego na szczeblu samorządowym w związku z pandemią koronawirusa

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 73-94
Author(s):  
Kamil Mroczka ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Local Government ◽  
Cyber Security ◽  
Geographical Location ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Digital World ◽  
Physical Form ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Decision Making Processes ◽  
Technical Solutions

In recent months, the COVID-19 virus has become a key challenge for all countries, regardless of their geographical location, economic situation or system of government. As stated by Grzegorz Rydlewski, the crisis has become a condition for balancing and targeting the activities of supranational structures, states, various intermediate structures, and individual people (Rydlewski, 2020). The main aim of the present article is to discuss the trends and changes to public decision-making processes introduced by the lawmaker in connection with the epidemic threat to local government administration. Unquestionably, one of the negative effects of the pandemic is the fact that holding meetings of local government bodies in physical form has been unsafe since the outbreak. Legal and technical solutions have been introduced which partly transfer the decision-making process to the digital world by allowing remote meetings for a wide range of statutory bodies. In this context, it is important to examine the usefulness, practicality and efficiency of the solutions adopted, and also to identify key obstacles and challenges to local government decision-making processes. Additionally, examples of ICT tools supporting decision making in local government units will be duly provided. Finally, key problems identified in the course of the analysis in question, e.g., issues related to the area of cyber security, will be also highlighted.

A Psychologically-Based Taxonomy of Magicians’ Forcing Techniques

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alice PAILHES ◽  
gustav kuhn ◽  
Ronald Rensink
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Knowledge Transfer ◽  
Free Choice ◽  
Sense Of Agency ◽  
Illusion Of Control ◽  
Psychological Mechanisms ◽  
External Influences ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Decision Making Processes ◽  
And Control

Magicians have developed a wide range of techniques to influence and control spectators’ choices of such things as card, word, or number. These techniques are what is called forcing. The present paper develops a psychologically-based taxonomy of forcing techniques with two goals in mind. Firstly, it should help uncover the different psychological mechanisms that underlie forcing techniques. Secondly, it should facilitate knowledge transfer between magicians and psychologists. The main division present two basic categories that can be used as a way of focussing separately on (1) decision-making processes and external influences on choices, and (2) links between sense of agency over action and outcome as well as the illusion of control over this outcome. This taxonomy allows us to clearly differentiate between forces in which there is or is not a free choice, and whether this choice has an impact on the following events.

scholarly journals Tackling the drivers of child undernutrition in developing countries: what works and how should interventions be designed?

2010 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 688-693 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pat Pridmore ◽  
Roy Carr-Hill
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Paris Declaration ◽  
Active Involvement ◽  
Child Undernutrition ◽  
Country Level ◽  
Effective Interventions ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Decision Making Processes

AbstractObjectiveThe present paper presents a synthesis of available evidence to support action on the interventions that can effectively address the main drivers of child undernutrition in developing countries. It also discusses how interventions should be designed and identifies policy-relevant areas for further research.DesignA structured literature review of fifty-eight controlled evaluations and studies in developing countries were selected because they are methodologically sound, recent (reported within the past 10 years), report on nutritional status, cover a wide range of interventions and are implemented by a range of different agencies.SettingIndirect interventions in developing countries, which address the underlying and basic causes of child undernutrition and can potentially be implemented in the short to medium term.SubjectsChildren under 5 years of age and their mothers across a range of developing countries.ResultsEvidence has now accumulated to guide action on a range of indirect interventions that can reduce child undernutrition, but for all these interventions context is all-important. There is less evidence on how these interventions can be effectively implemented on a large scale.ConclusionsEfforts should be directed towards improving implementation of effective interventions on a large scale. Donors need to keep commitments both in dollar terms and in terms of the Paris Declaration so that the push for improved nutrition does not become donor driven. At the country level, there is a need for enabling governance structures, institutions and evidence-based decision making. Within countries there is a need for well-trained personnel with delegated authority, accountable to local people. It is essential for chains of accountability to be transparent and for active involvement of households in decision-making processes.

Are Key Principles for improved health technology assessment supported and used by health technology assessment organizations?

2010 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Peter J. Neumann ◽  
Michael F. Drummond ◽  
Bengt Jönsson ◽  
Bryan R. Luce ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Health Technology Assessment ◽  
Societal Perspective ◽  
Technology Assessment ◽  
Working Group ◽  
Good Practice ◽  
Health Technology ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Decision Making Processes

Previously, our group—the International Working Group for HTA Advancement—proposed a set of fifteen Key Principles that could be applied to health technology assessment (HTA) programs in different jurisdictions and across a range of organizations and perspectives. In this commentary, we investigate the extent to which these principles are supported and used by fourteen selected HTA organizations worldwide. We find that some principles are broadly supported: examples include being explicit about HTA goals and scope; considering a wide range of evidence and outcomes; and being unbiased and transparent. Other principles receive less widespread support: examples are addressing issues of generalizability and transferability; being transparent on the link between HTA findings and decision-making processes; considering a full societal perspective; and monitoring the implementation of HTA findings. The analysis also suggests a lack of consensus in the field about some principles—for example, considering a societal perspective. Our study highlights differences in the uptake of key principles for HTA and indicates considerable room for improvement for HTA organizations to adopt principles identified to reflect good HTA practices. Most HTA organizations espouse certain general concepts of good practice—for example, assessments should be unbiased and transparent. However, principles that require more intensive follow-up—for example, monitoring the implementation of HTA findings—have received little support and execution.

scholarly journals Procedural Fairness and Incentive Programs: Reflections on the Environmental Choice Program

1993 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 544 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Cohen
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Procedural Fairness ◽  
Environmental Benefits ◽  
The Public ◽  
Incentive Programs ◽  
Private Interests ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Decision Making Processes ◽  
Fairness Norms ◽  
Choice Program

This paper explores the application of concepts of procedural fairness to the federal government's Environmental Choice Program's decision-making processes. While Canadian courts have traditionally required public bureaucrats to act "fairly" when implementing command models of regulation, they have only recently been confronted with demands that regulators implementing economic incentive programs also act in accordance with procedural fairness norms. Procedural fairness has been justified through a number of related arguments, all of which focus on the protection of private interests of individuals adversely affected by the exercise of bureaucratic power. The paper argues that procedural fairness should characterize both decision-making categories within the Environmental Choice Program, and within incentive programs generally. However, the paper argues that the justification for the application of fairness norms in government incentive programs should be the promotion and support of program policies. At best, the protection of private interests is the means through which program benefits can be optimally designed, and effectively delivered to the public. The paper describes the Environmental Choice Program's decision-making processes, and divides the program's operations into two categories. CATEGORY 1 decisions involve the development of environmental standards, and the negotiation of the licensing agreement through which private firms are permitted to use the federal government owned ECOLOGO. CATEGORY 2 decisions involve individual licensing, licence termination and renewal decisions. The paper then discusses the ways in which effective participation of a wide range of interest groups is encouraged in both categories of decisions through access to information, representation on decision-making bodies, and appeal and review processes. Finally, the paper describes the environmental benefits associated with effective participation as an example of the public policy

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