scholarly journals Age peculiarities of the cardiovascular system and blood microcirculation in students under the influence of dosed physical training

2021 ◽  
Vol 102 (2) ◽  
pp. 76-83
Author(s):  
Natalya Georgievna Sidoryak ◽  
◽  
Ekateryna Vsevolodovna Rozova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular System ◽  
Physical Training ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
System Function ◽  
Blood Microcirculation ◽  
Adaptive Capabilities ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Compensatory Reactions ◽  
High Level ◽  
Microcirculation Parameter

We investigated the adaptive capabilities of the cardiovascular system and blood microcirculation in 18–21-year-old students under the influence of dosed physical training. It was shown that there are significant age-related differences in the indicators of the cardiovascular system function at rest. By the 21-th year the majority of the studied parameters have reached the level characteristic of adult young men. After dosed physical training the indices of the cardiovascular system function increased to a greater or lesser extent, and the greatest increase was observed in 21-year-old students. In younger age groups the changes were less effective, which characterizes the adaptive capabilities of the cardiovascular system depending on age. A marker indicator of the blood microcirculation system functioning — a microcirculation parameter that determines the direction of the microcirculation response to a dosed physical training — has been identified. It was found that among students of the 1st subgroup (low level of the microcirculation parameter) after physical activity it increased, and among students of the 2nd subgroup (high level of the microcirculation parameter) it mainly decreased, which characterizes the inclusion of various regulatory mechanisms in the blood microcirculation system. A decrease in the index of microcirculation efficiency under the influence of physical training was shown (the most significant in younger students). Such features can be explained by the lack of development of compensatory reactions in the microcirculation system.

scholarly journals Five reasons COVID-19 is less severe in younger age groups

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul W Turke
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Life History Theory ◽  
Age Of Onset ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Medical Community ◽  
System Function ◽  
The Third ◽  
Immune System Function ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Younger Age

Abstract The severity of COVID-19 is age-related, with the advantage going to younger age groups. Five reasons are presented. The first two are well-known, are being actively researched by the broader medical community, and therefore are discussed only briefly here. The third, fourth, and fifth reasons derive from evolutionary life history theory, and potentially fill gaps in current understanding of why and how young and old age groups respond differently to infection with SARS-CoV-2. Age of onset of generalized somatic aging, and the timing of its progression, are identified as important causes of these disparities, as are specific antagonistic pleiotropic tradeoffs in immune system function.

scholarly journals Pattern of resilient age-related measles immunity

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 375-380
Author(s):  
A. G. Sonis ◽  
O. A. Gusyakova ◽  
F. N. Gilmiyarova ◽  
A. A. Ereshchenko ◽  
N. K. Ignatova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Measles Virus ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Igg Antibody ◽  
Infection Level ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Specific Igg ◽  
Young Subjects ◽  
High Level ◽  
Medical University ◽  
Igg Level

Epidemiological situation describing global measles spread is ambiguous. Along with countries succeeded in measles eradication, there are those wherein measles rate remains at quite high level. Because measles is a vaccine-preventable infection, it may then be eradicated solely by ensuring sufficient population coverage with preventive vaccination. The aim of our study was to assess level of measles immunity in medical workers at the Clinics of Samara State Medical University as well as the Samara State Medical University. There were enrolled 1503 subjects (aged 18–79 years), among which all individuals under 55 (77.58%) but not older counterparts provided with medical record on previous measles vaccination or measles infection. Level of serum measles virus-specific IgG antibodies was measured by using ELISA (VektoKor-IgG, JSC Vector-Best, Novosibirsk), with mean concentration ranging in general population within 1.02±0.02 IU/ ml. Positive results were observed in 72.52% of the examined individuals. Average vs. high measles virus-specific IgG level was detected in 52.90% (mean age — 41.4±0.5 years) and 19.62% (mean age — 54.2±0.72 years) of individuals, whereas at level below threshold — in 27.48% of subjects (mean age — 33.25±0.53 years). Thus, in 34.16% of the surveyed vaccinated individuals mostly presented by young subjects contained anti-measles virus-specific antibodies below protective level. Older age groups were shown to increase in average IgG amount with age. Interestingly, age-related measles immunity pattern was observed: percentage of subjects with high vs. low measles virus-specific IgG level increases and decreases, respectively. Taking into consideration a large percentage of subjects previously vaccinated against measles among carriers of low measles immunity, it may be concluded that measles virus-specific IgG antibody level must be monitored in young adulthood to decide of whether subsequent revaccination is necessary.

scholarly journals Alimentary-dependent prevalence in children of different age groups (on the example, of the industrial center of the Irkutsk region)

2020 ◽  
Vol 99 (10) ◽  
pp. 1139-1144
Author(s):  
Inna V. Myl’nikova ◽  
Olga G. Bogdanova
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
The Body ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Software Module ◽  
Adaptive Capabilities ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Irkutsk Region ◽  
Quality Of Medical Care ◽  
Industrial Center

Aim of the study. Analysis of the dynamics of the alimentary-dependent prevalence in children from various age groups in the industrial center. Materials and methods. The study was conducted retrospectively according to official statistical reporting. The total and primary incidence in children and adolescents in the city of Angarsk was estimated for 6 years (2013-2018). Age-specific features of the incidence in children were analyzed over 3 years (2016-2018). Relative indices of the incidence were calculated (per 1000 population of the corresponding age), characteristics of the time series: the average annual absolute increment; the rate of average annual growth (decrease); linear regression models were built using the Excel software module. Results. An analysis of the primary morbidity of alimentary-dependent pathology in children of different ages showed that its structure is characterized by a predominance of diseases of the digestive, endocrine systems, and blood. Moreover, in young children, blood diseases are most pronounced. Assessment of the dynamics of alimentary-dependent diseases in children aged 0-14 and 15-17 years revealed multidirectional trends. In children aged 0-14 and 15-17 years, the presence of pronounced trends to a decrease in the incidence of the pathology of the digestive system was revealed. The differences are that pronounced trends in the increase in the incidence are observed in children aged 0-14 years - in the frequency of obesity, in children 15-17 years old - in the frequency of endemic goiter. Discussion. The obtained values of the regression analysis allow predicting an increase in the frequency of diseases of the thyroid gland associated with iodine deficiency in children aged 0-14 years, obesity - in 15-17 year adolescents. Differences in the frequency of these nosological forms depending on the age of the children can be presumably due to changes in eating behavior, the influence of heredity, and the adaptive capabilities of the body. The incidence rates of alimentary-dependent pathology depend on the quality of medical care and the geochemical characteristics of the territory of residence. Conclusion. The study revealed the age-related characteristics of alimentary-dependent pathology and concretized the directions for improving medical and preventive activities.

scholarly journals Age and Gender Differences in Performance at Cross Triathlon World Championships

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 17-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oscar Romero-Ramos ◽  
Emilio Fernández-Rodríguez ◽  
Rafael Merino-Marbán ◽  
Daniel Mayorga-Vega ◽  
Robert Podstawski
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
Performance Ratio ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Race Time ◽  
Age Related ◽  
And Performance ◽  
And Gender ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Introduction. Cross triathlon is a sport consisting of three segments: swimming, off-road cycling, and running. Our study analyses the differences in performance between genders and changes in performance in selected age categories at the ITU Cross World Championships held between 2011 and 2016. Material and methods. During this period, a total of 1,933 triathletes were analysed (1,472 men and 461 women). Two-way analyses of variance (ANOVA) were used to examine the impact of sex differences and age-related changes on performance (time, percentage of time, and performance ratio) in swimming, cycling, running, and total race. Results. The age groups with the highest level of participation were persons aged 40-44 and 45-49 years among men and women, respectively. With regards to performance in the different age groups, in men and women, its high level was maintained between 25 and 49 years, and it decreased significantly from the age of 50-54. In men, the best results in cycling and total race time were obtained in the 30-34 age group and in swimming and running in the 40-44 group. Women obtained the best results in running in the 25-29 age group, in cycling in the 30-34 group, and in swimming and total race time in the 35-39 group. Conclusions. The results of the study have confirmed that there is a demand for sports in 40+ age groups. As for performance in the different age groups, it was on a high level between 25 and 49 years and decreased significantly from the age of 50-54 onwards. According to these results, the sports training of these triathletes should be oriented so that they obtain their best results between 30 and 35 years of age.

Age related changes of cardiovascular system in indigenous and non-indigenous female population of the Russian north

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 47-54
Author(s):  
Проворова ◽  
O. Provorova ◽  
Соколова ◽  
A. Sokolova ◽  
Филатова ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular System ◽  
Indigenous Population ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Parabolic Type ◽  
Female Population ◽  
The North ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Russian North ◽  
Working Age ◽  
Age Related Changes

Revealing the regularities of human cardiovascular system’s parameters in the North can significantly affect the ongoing efforts to increase the working age and duration of life of inhabitants of Ugra. The work addresses important aspects of the state of cardiovascular system in different age groups. An increase in activity of the sympathetic autonomic system status with age in aboriginal and alien population, but individual components (cardiointervals) in the two groups behave differently. If quasiattractors demonstrate exponential type of dynamics of their size (area) in Khanty, then the non-indigenous population observed parabolic type of changes of the area of quasiattractors.

scholarly journals Assessment of market parameters of multiple age groups of the galician carp

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (74) ◽  
pp. 29-32
Author(s):  
I. I. Hrytsyniak ◽  
V. V. Gurbyk
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
Morphometric Parameters ◽  
The Body ◽  
Normative Values ◽  
Fish Products ◽  
Edible Part ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Productive Potential ◽  
High Level ◽  
Edible Parts

Purpose: To assess the productive potential of the Galician carp taking into account its morphometric parameters. To assess the market parameters of the Galician carp produced in the conditions of commercial aquaculture in ponds of the Subcarpathian region. To determine the output of fish products depending on fish age-related differences. Task: to determine major morphometric parameters in age-2 and age-3 cap produced at the end of the culture season in ponds of the Subcarpathian region; to assess the output of edible and non-edible parts of the body of the Galician carp. Methodology: The study was carried out in 2016 at the fish farm «Korop», Lviv region. The object of the study were age-2 and age-3 Galician carp produced at the end of the culture season. Fish were investigated according to methodical guidelines. The largest part of the body weight of the examined Galician carp was filet with skin. The smallest part in both age groups was scales that is due to the framed type of their scale covering. The quantity of edible parts in age-3 fish was 4.3% higher than in age-2 fish. The parameter of potentially edible parts in age-2 and age-3 fish was at the same level and did not exceed 32%. The non-edible part of the body in both age groups did not exceed 16%. In age-2 Galician carp, the edible part was 1.5% larger than in carp of the Lubin type of Ukrainian framed strain. In age-3 fish, the percent ratio of the head was 4.45% lower than in the Lubin type.  After analyzing the obtained experimental  data, a conclusion can be drawn that the output of edible parts in both age groups of the Galician carp from the marketable fish mass exceeded the normative values. At the same time, age-3 fish had 4% more filet than the age-2 fish. The Galician carp have a high level of the output of high quality market products compared to fish of the Lubin type of Ukrainian framed strain. An assessment of market parameters of the Galician carp produced during commercial culturing in ponds of the Subcarpathian region. The quantities of edible and non-edible parts in age-2 and age-3 fish of the examined array were determined.

scholarly journals AGE-RELATED FEATURES OF THE CARDIAC OUTPUT IN BASIC POSE CONDITIONS (STANDING/LYING)

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 11-23
Author(s):  
Levon R. Dilenyan ◽  
Ivan V. Bocharin ◽  
Alena V. Zaripova ◽  
Andrew K. Martusevich
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Output ◽  
Cardiovascular System ◽  
Blood Circulation ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Diagnostic System ◽  
Standing Position ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Standing Up ◽  
Pumping Function

The aim of the work was to show the dynamics of cardiac output (CO) in standing and lying positions in postnatal ontogenesis. Material and methods. The data were obtained on the basis of an observational study in 1944 people (1308 men and 636 women). The following age groups were: up to 8 years (n=55), 9-14 years (n=68), 15-21 years (n=226), 22-35 years (n=326), 36-55 years for women and 36-60 years for men (n=658), up to 70 years (n=413) and over 70 years (n=198). The study was performed standing up and after 15-20 minutes in the supine position on the complex of the expert diagnostic system “ANTHROPOS-CAVASCREEN” based on rheography. Results. Our data justify the identification of the type of dynamic organization of blood circulation in humans by the anthropo-physiological ratio of CO in standing/lying positions. The transition to a hyperkinetic state in orthostatics is a manifestation of adaptation to the gravitational (hydrostatic) factor of blood circulation to ensure the circulatory state of the cardiovascular system in the most constant and relevant for human life conditions of upright walking. The obvious direction of such adaptation is the centralization of blood circulation in the standing position and the formation of a hyperkinetic state of the pumping function of the heart. This orientation reflects the strained state of the cardiovascular system in the anti-gravity support mode, which not only limits the functional reserve for cardiac output in the standing position, but also clearly associated with the growth of both problematic circulatory conditions and nosological states formed on this basis.

CHANGES IN THE AUTONOMIC CONTROL OF THE CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM IN HUMAN AGING: META-ANALYSIS

2020 ◽  
pp. 748-760
Author(s):  
Н. В. Кузьменко ◽  
М. Г. Плисс ◽  
В. А. Цырлин
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Cardiovascular System ◽  
Heart Function ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Nervous Activity ◽  
Autonomic Control ◽  
Sympathetic Nervous Activity ◽  
Adaptive Capabilities ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Pubmed Database

Известно, что при старении человека адаптационные возможности его организма снижаются. Это обусловлено как изменениями вегетативной регуляции, так и морфологической перестройкой (ремоделированием) сердечно-сосудистой системы. Для оценки возрастных изменений вегетативной нервной и сердечно-сосудистой систем был проведен метаанализ, в котором были рассмотрены изменения при старении параметров гемодинамики (АД и ЧСС), вариабельности сердечного ритма (ВСР), концентрации катехоламинов, электрической активности мышечных симпатических нервов (МСНА), а также величины барорецепторного рефлекса (БР). Были проанализированы результаты 32 работ из базы PubMed, в которых по исследуемым показателям сравнивали здоровых людей разных возрастных групп (27±5 и 64±5 лет). В результате было установлено, что у пожилых людей по сравнению с молодыми людьми уровень АД выше, ЧСС остается без изменений, но ВСР и БР существенно уменьшаются, симпатовагусный баланс смещается в сторону увеличения симпатических влияний на работу сердца, повышаются МСНА и уровень норадреналина в плазме крови. Ослабление вегетативного контроля у пожилых людей с повышением активности симпатической нервной системы обусловливает увеличение базовых значений АД и величину его прироста в условиях стресса. Данные изменения являются причиной снижения адаптационных способностей пожилых людей и субстратом для развития сердечнососудистых патологий. It is known that with the aging, the adaptive capabilities of his body decrease. This is due to both changes in autonomic regulation and morphological remodeling of the cardiovascular system. To assess age-related changes in the autonomic nervous and cardiovascular systems, a meta-analysis was carried out, which examined changes in the aging of hemodynamic parameters [blood pressure (BP) and heart rate (HR)], heart rate variability (HRV), catecholamine concentrations, electrical activity of muscle sympathetic nerves (MSHA) , as well as the magnitude of the BR. The results of 32 works from the PubMed database were analyzed, in which healthy people of different age groups (27±5 and 64±5 years) were compared by the studied indicators. As a result of a meta-analysis, it was found that in older people compared with young people, the BP is higher, HR remains unchanged, but HRV and BR significantly decrease, the sympathetic-vagal balance shifts toward an increase in sympathetic effects on heart function, MSNA and plasma noradrenaline level increase. In the elderly people a loosening in autonomic control with an increase in sympathetic nervous activity causes an increase in the baseline of BP and its increase in conditions of stress. These changes are the cause of a decrease in the adaptive abilities of the old person and a substrate for the development of cardiovascular pathologies.

Immigrant Youth in Germany

2013 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 158-168 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emily Frankenberg ◽  
Katharina Kupper ◽  
Ruth Wagner ◽  
Stephan Bongard
Keyword(s):  
School System ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Ethnic Discrimination ◽  
Emotional And Behavioral Problems ◽  
Sociocultural Adaptation ◽  
Age Related ◽  
German School ◽  
Transcultural Adaptation

This paper reviews research on young migrants in Germany. Particular attention is given to the question of how Germany’s history of migration, immigration policies, and public attitude toward migrants influence the transcultural adaptation of children and adolescents from different ethnic backgrounds. We combine past research with the results of new empirical studies in order to shed light on migrants’ psychological and sociocultural adaptation. Studies comparing young migrants and their German peers in terms of psychological well-being, life satisfaction, and mental health outcome suggest higher rates of emotional and behavioral problems among migrants of most age groups. With regard to adolescent populations between the ages of 14 and 17 years, however, the existence of differences between migrants and natives appears to be less clear. Research has also yielded inconsistent findings regarding the time trajectory of transcultural adaptation among adolescents. The coincidence of acculturation and age-related change is discussed as a possible source of these inconsistencies. Further, we provide an overview of risk and protective factors such as conflicting role expectations and ethnic discrimination, which may cause heightened vulnerability to adverse adaptation outcomes in some groups. Large-scale studies have repeatedly shown migrants of all age groups to be less successful within the German school system, indicating poor sociocultural adaptation. Possible explanations, such as the idiosyncrasies of the German school system, are presented. Our own studies contribute to the understanding of young migrants’ adaptation process by showing that it is their orientation to German culture, rather than the acculturation strategy of integration, that leads to the most positive psychological and sociocultural outcomes. The paper concludes by discussing implications for future cross-cultural research on young migrants and by suggesting recommendations for multicultural policies.

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