scholarly journals Melanoma Screening with Computer Aided Dermoscopy System Based on the ABCD Criteria

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 01-04
Author(s):  
Heller Richard ◽  
Guilan Shi
Keyword(s):  
Computer Technology ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Skin Surface ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Skin Lesions ◽  
The Body ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Pigmented Skin Lesions ◽  
Early Tumor ◽  
Melanoma Screening

Melanoma mortality rates are the highest amongst skin cancer patients. The 5-year survival rate is 92% if melanoma is diagnosed at an early stage and is localized. If melanoma has spread to other parts of the body, survival is only 13%. Therefore, it is particularly important to develop approaches that can enhance early and accurate diagnosis of melanoma. Dermatoscopy has been widely used to identify early tumor growth. With the addition of computer technology, digital dermatoscopy systems are capable of accurately assessing skin surface features modeled along the ABCD criteria and have been used for clinical assessment of pigmented skin lesions. This paper introduces a non-invasive computerized dermoscopy system that considers lesions on the skin for `diagnosis.

Cephalexin-Induced Stevens-Johnson Syndrome

1992 ◽  
Vol 26 (10) ◽  
pp. 1230-1233 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kim M. Murray ◽  
Michael S. Camp
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Skin Surface ◽  
Skin Lesions ◽  
Infectious Complications ◽  
The Body ◽  
Stevens Johnson Syndrome ◽  
Medline Search ◽  
Johnson Syndrome ◽  
Macular Rash

OBJECTIVE: To report a case of cephalexin-induced Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS), a devastating adverse drug reaction that involves the entire skin surface and mucosal areas of the body. DATA SOURCES: MEDLINE search (key terms cephalosporins, Stevens-Johnson syndrome, erythema multiforme, and systemic lupus erythematosus) and references identified from bibliographies of pertinent articles. DATA SYNTHESIS: Clinical presentation and manifestations of SJS include the skin, eyes, gastrointestinal tract, and pulmonary system. Infectious complications are the leading cause of mortality. Early intervention is important to prevent progression of SJS. The case described is consistent with the features of this syndrome. The patient presented with fever, arthralgias, and malaise. Skin lesions included a diffuse violet macular rash with erythema and multiple bullous lesions on her neck and abdomen. The skin biopsy was consistent with SJS. Multiple mucocutaneous ulcers were found in her mouth, but no evidence of lower gastrointestinal tract involvement was documented. She remained relatively free of pulmonary complaints except for the presenting bronchitis. CONCLUSIONS: Cephalexin should be added to the list of agents to consider as iatrogenic causes of SJS.

scholarly journals Extensive Lepromatous Lymphadenitis Preceding Lesions on the Face and Earlobes: An Unusual Presentation of Leprosy in Singapore

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-40
Author(s):  
Shi Yao Sam Yang ◽  
Wai Mun Sean Leong ◽  
Cruz Maria Teresa Kasunuran ◽  
Jing Xiang Huang ◽  
Sue-Ann Ju Ee Ho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Stage ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Skin Lesions ◽  
The Body ◽  
The Other ◽  
Cutaneous Lesions ◽  
Poor Countries ◽  
Geographical Regions ◽  
Resource Poor ◽  
The Face

Leprosy is also known as Hansen disease, as in some countries the diagnosis of leprosy carries a negative stigma and patients fear being shunned as outcasts. Presently, leprosy is primarily limited to specific geographical regions in resource-poor countries. As a result, there is increased difficulty for the younger generation of physicians today to correctly identify leprosy due to a lack of exposure and a low-index of suspicion, particularly in developed countries. In this case, the indurated lesions over the face demonstrated a preference for the outer lateral aspects over the maxillary areas, the nose bridge, and the pinna of the ears consistent with the organism’s preference for cooler regions of the body. This was also evident in the other skin lesions affecting the more acral regions of the limbs in the early stage of disease progression. There is a need to keep this infective condition as an alternate diagnosis to all unusual cutaneous lesions.

scholarly journals Investigation on the Incidence, Diagnostic, Possibilities and Design of Prophylactic Treatment in an Outbreak of Bacterial Haemorrhagic Septicemia of Carp

2017 ◽  
Vol 74 (1) ◽  
pp. 26
Author(s):  
Daniela LADOSI ◽  
Octavian NEGREA ◽  
Zamfir MARCHIS ◽  
Flore CHIRILA ◽  
Ana Maria Theodora PARASCA
Keyword(s):  
Aeromonas Hydrophila ◽  
Prophylactic Treatment ◽  
Skin Surface ◽  
Skin Lesions ◽  
Body Cavity ◽  
The Body ◽  
Internal Organs ◽  
Biochemical Traits ◽  
Cutaneous Necrosis ◽  
Therapeutic Possibilities

The investigations carried out on a sample of 53 breeders (31 females and 22 males), in a fishing farm of Suatu village, County of Cluj, concerning the incidence of hemorrhagic bacterial septicaemia, diagnosis and profilactico-therapeutic possibilities. Results highlights a incidence of bacteriosis differentiated according to the category of breeders, 54.8% in females and 36.3% in males. Necropsy examination carried out on 3 specimen of suspected bacteriosis, highlights the presence of hemorrhagic skin lesions, which are dotted or diffuse, respectively musculo-cutaneous necrosis and ulcers. Regarding the internal injuries, opening of the body cavity, revealed consistency changes and septicemy form in major internal organs, as well as the presence of a liquid hollow looking sanguinolent.The bacterioscopic examination of smears from the pathologic material (skin surface end internal samples) and colored with the Gram method, reveled bacterial microflora, represented by coccobacillus and straight bacilli or slightly curved, both Gram negative. Furthermore, the bacteriological (culture) exam performed on usual and selective culture mediae, distinguishes the isolation of pure culture bacteriae belonging to the genus Aeromonas. The exam of biochemical traits, with the aid of API 20 E multitest determines that the isolated strains of Aeromonas spp. belong to the species Aeromonas hydrophila, indicted in the emergence and evolution of the bacterial of haemorrhagic septicaemia. Testing strains sensitivity to antibiotics and chemotherapy (through antibiograma level), reflects the isolated bacteria’s values of sensitivity in decreasing order: amoxicillin, oxytetracycline, florfenicol and enrofloxacilin. However, reduced sensitivity was recorded to tetracycline and ampicillin and resistance to erythromycin. 

Diagnosing Basal Cell Carcinoma by Dermatoscopy

1998 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 62-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
David M. Carroll ◽  
Elizabeth M. Billingsley ◽  
Klaus F. Helm
Keyword(s):  
Basal Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Blood Vessels ◽  
Basal Cell ◽  
Skin Surface ◽  
Skin Lesions ◽  
Noninvasive Technique ◽  
Cutaneous Malignancy ◽  
Basal Cell Carcinomas ◽  
Pigmented Skin Lesions

Background: Dermatoscopy (DS) has been used primarily to evaluate pigmented skin lesions. Little information is available on DS findings of basal cell carcinoma (BCC). Dermatoscopy is a noninvasive technique that allows visualization of cutaneous features from the skin surface to the papillary dermis. Basal cell carcinoma, the most common cutaneous malignancy, is traditionally diagnosed clinically and confirmed with biopsy. Objective: To determine the dermatoscopic features of non-pigmented basal cell carcinomas. Methods: The dermatoscopic findings of 27 lesions that clinically were suspicious for BCC were analyzed. Results: Of these 27 clinically suspect lesions, the biopsies revealed BCC in 20 specimens and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) in two specimens. Twenty of these 22 specimens had dermatoscopic findings of BCC: diffusely distributed, branching blood vessels, asymmetric, and narrow blood vessels distributed deeper in the dermis, or a milky-red corona with superficial wide blood vessels. One nodular BCC in our study showed no distinct findings. Conclusions: Many BCCs have characteristic DS findings; however, dermatoscopic examination of some tumours will not demonstrate any known characteristic findings. As such, the DS criteria we propose for BCC are best utilized as an adjunctive study of clinical impressions. Biopsy remains the definitive diagnostic tool.

scholarly journals SKIN SURFACE CHEMISTRY AS A DIAGNOSTIC TOOL FOR SKIN DISEASES

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (01) ◽  
Author(s):  
Liqaa Samir Esmail
Keyword(s):  
Optical Imaging ◽  
Chronic Wounds ◽  
Skin Diseases ◽  
Sense Organ ◽  
Skin Barrier ◽  
Skin Surface ◽  
Skin Layer ◽  
The Body ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
The Face

The skin is the biggest sense organ in the body, with a surface area of 1.7m2 in adults. Because standard histological procedures influence skin components, several dermatological research has had little effectiveness in showing skin function. The structure of each skin layer may now be visualised non-invasively thanks to recent advances in non-invasive optical imaging. Individual skin components, on the other hand, remain difficult to identify. Understanding skin's chemical and physical features helps the cosmetics sector create deodorant, lipstick, and moisturizers. In addition, PH regulates the activation of proteases linked to the formation of chronic wounds and impacts skin barrier functions. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a non-invasive optical imaging innovation that creates high-resolution photos of the face and cross-areas of the skin. While OCT has a lot of potentials, many dermatologists are unfamiliar with it. This article aims to give professional dermatologists a basic grasp of skin OCT concepts and clinical applications.

scholarly journals Saliva as a non-invasive material for early diagnosis

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monika Woźniak ◽  
Czesława Paluszkiewicz ◽  
Wojciech Maria Kwiatek
Keyword(s):  
Early Stage ◽  
Critical Factor ◽  
Treatment Monitoring ◽  
The Body ◽  
Diagnostic Tools ◽  
Blood Collection ◽  
Pathological Changes ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Proper Diagnosis ◽  
Oral Area

The proper diagnosis is a critical factor to reduce further disturbances at the early stage of the disease and plays an important role in increasing the success rate of the therapy. The traditional diagnostic tools such as biopsy or blood collection are always associated with patient’s discomfort, the possibility of infections and time-consuming procedures. This article describes the non-invasive and easily accessible saliva as a source of numerous molecular biomarkers. The salivary fluid can provide information about the pathological changes not only in the oral area but also in other parts of the body, therefore salivary tests may be promising tools for risk prediction and treatment monitoring of many disorders.

scholarly journals Automatic Detection and Analysis of Melanoma Skin Cancer using Dermoscopy Images

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 2116-2122
Keyword(s):  
Skin Cancer ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Skin Lesions ◽  
The Body ◽  
Post Process ◽  
Decision Tree Classification ◽  
Melanoma Diagnosis ◽  
Segmentation Accuracy ◽  
Infected Area ◽  
Melanoma Skin

Skin cancer is known as one of the most risky types of cancer. Several kinds of skin cancer, such as melanoma, basal and squamous cell carcinoma, etc., are available. The most unpredictable cancer is melanoma. If we can detect melanoma skin cancer at an early stage, the chances of recovery will be good and we can save many valuable lives. But if we fail to detect early, melanoma can disperse to the different parts of the body and chance of recovery will become difficult. This research presents a developed system to do melanoma diagnosis by using several dermoscopy images. In this research, we preprocessed the images to remove hairs and noises by using some filter techniques such as dull razor technique, median filtering, etc. After that, we segmented the image to find the infected area using some segmentation method and we choose the method that will give us the best results. Then we post-process the images and choose the most infected lesion. After segmentation of the skin lesion, we checked the segmentation accuracy concerning some basic criteria. We compared the segmented skin lesions with the marked skin lesions by a dermatologist. Then we extracted the features of the images of different criteria, such as Asymmetry, Border irregularity, Color variance, Diameter which have the acronym as ABCD. We also analyzed the texture of the lesions and extracted the geometrical features. Finally, we choose decision tree classification methods that gave us the best results

scholarly journals Design of a non-invasive sensing system for diagnosing gastric disorders

ACTA IMEKO ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 73
Author(s):  
Rosario Morello ◽  
Laura Fabbiano ◽  
Paolo Oresta ◽  
Claudio De Capua
Keyword(s):  
Skin Surface ◽  
Detection Algorithm ◽  
Dominant Frequency ◽  
The Body ◽  
Diagnostic Model ◽  
Discrete Wavelet ◽  
Diagnostic Parameters ◽  
Prototype Development ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Sensing System

Gastric disorders are widely spread among the population of any age. At the moment, the diagnosis is made by using invasive systems that cause several side effects. The present manuscript proposes an innovative non-invasive sensing system for diagnosing gastric dysfunctions. The Electro-GastroGraphy (EGG) technique is used to record myoelectrical signals of stomach activities. Although EGG technique is well known for a long time, several issues concerning the signal processing and the definition of suitable diagnostic criteria are still unresolved. So, EGG is to this day a trial practice. The authors want to overcome the current limitations of the technique and improve its relevance. To this purpose, a smart EGG sensing system has been designed to non-invasively diagnose gastric disorders. In detail, the system records the gastric slow waves by means of skin surface electrodes placed in the epigastric area. Cutaneous myoelectrical signals are so acquired from the body surface in proximity of stomach. Electro-gastrographic record is then processed. According to the diagnostic model designed from the authors, the system estimates specific diagnostic parameters in time and frequency domains. It uses Discrete Wavelet Transform to obtain power spectral density diagrams. The frequency and power of the EGG waveform and the dominant frequency components are so analyzed. The defined diagnostic parameters are put in comparison with the reference values of a normal EGG in order to estimate the presence of gastric pathologies by the analysis of arrhythmias (<em>tachygastria</em>, <em>bradygastria</em> and irregular rhythm). The paper aims to describe the design of the system and of the arrhythmias detection algorithm. Prototype development and experimental data will be presented in future works. Preliminary results show an interesting relevance of the suggested technique so that it can be considered as a promising non-invasive tool for diagnosing gastrointestinal motility disorders.

scholarly journals Evaluation of skin-surface interleukin 1 α, interleukin-1 Receptor Antagonist, CXCL-1/2 and β-defensin-1 as non-invasive biomarkers for monitoring psoriasis vulgaris

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kadri Orro ◽  
Kristiina Salk ◽  
Kristi Abram ◽  
Jelena Arshavskaja ◽  
Anne Meikas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disease Severity ◽  
Interleukin 1 ◽  
Skin Surface ◽  
Skin Lesions ◽  
Diagnostic Tools ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Lesional Skin ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Surface Measurements ◽  
Monitoring Treatment

Abstract There is a need for non-invasive diagnostic tools that can objectively measure psoriasis activity and that can be used to monitor therapeutic effects of psoriasis treatment. This study aimed to determine whether non-invasive measurements of proteins from psoriasis lesional skin can be used to assess disease severity and to measure treatment efficacy.Using FibroTx TAP technology for protein-measurements directly from the surface of skin, clear differences in levels of IL-1α, IL-1RA and CXCL-1/2 were found between psoriasis lesional skin and non-lesional skin. No clear correlations were found between FibroTx TAP measurements and PASI scoring, with the exception of a mild correlation between CXCL-1/2 and scaling. Similarly, no clear correlations were found between FibroTx TAP measurements and ultrasound measurements of skin, with the exception of a weak correlation between IL-1RA and SLEB thickness. Monitoring IL-1RA and CXCL-1/2 on skin lesions undergoing narrow-band UVB phototherapy clearly reflected normalisation of skin.Skin-surface measurements of IL-1RA and CXCL-1/2 have potential for assessing severity of psoriasis and for monitoring treatment efficacy. Measurements of IL-1RA and CXCL-1/2 displayed a disease profile distinct from PASI or sonography, thus confirming that measuring the ‘molecular root’ of inflammation has value for scoring disease severity in its own right.

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