scholarly journals Saliva as a non-invasive material for early diagnosis

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monika Woźniak ◽  
Czesława Paluszkiewicz ◽  
Wojciech Maria Kwiatek
Keyword(s):  
Early Stage ◽  
Critical Factor ◽  
Treatment Monitoring ◽  
The Body ◽  
Diagnostic Tools ◽  
Blood Collection ◽  
Pathological Changes ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Proper Diagnosis ◽  
Oral Area

The proper diagnosis is a critical factor to reduce further disturbances at the early stage of the disease and plays an important role in increasing the success rate of the therapy. The traditional diagnostic tools such as biopsy or blood collection are always associated with patient’s discomfort, the possibility of infections and time-consuming procedures. This article describes the non-invasive and easily accessible saliva as a source of numerous molecular biomarkers. The salivary fluid can provide information about the pathological changes not only in the oral area but also in other parts of the body, therefore salivary tests may be promising tools for risk prediction and treatment monitoring of many disorders.

The performance triangle: a model for corporate agility

2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 341-356 ◽  
Author(s):  
Herbert Nold ◽  
Lukas Michel
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Organizational Design ◽  
Critical Factor ◽  
The Body ◽  
Diagnostic Tools ◽  
Valuable Insight ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Critical Elements ◽  
Constructive Dialogue ◽  
Triangular Model

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to synthesize ten years of case studies and data analysis from which emerged an organizational design that facilitates adaptability, agility, and resilience. The resulting triangular model of culture, leadership, and systems is proposed. Design/methodology/approach – Analysis of over 100 case studies over ten years along with statistical analysis of survey data from 50 of those companies resulted in the emergence the triangular model and provides quantitative support for validity. Findings – People drive a complex and dynamic system with culture, leadership, and systems as key factors driving organizational success in a rapidly changing environment. The critical factor in adapting to change is designing organizations to maximize the vast tacit knowledge base within organizations. Diagnostic tools are necessary to identify underlying strengths and weaknesses to initiate targeted discussions and provide a baseline for measurement. Research limitations/implications – All of the organizations were from Europe, Africa, or the Middle East. Practical implications – The emergent people-centric triangular model with culture, leadership, and systems at the points along with the development of a diagnostic tool offers a methodology for executives to gain valuable insight into critical elements of their organizations from which to initiate constructive dialogue leading to effective action. Originality/value – Many authors have offered theories on developing agile organizations. The emergent people-centric performance triangle and evolving diagnostic instrument add to the body of existing literature and lays the groundwork for practical tools and methods to yield practical results.

scholarly journals The Impact of Single Nucleotide Polymorphism in the Long Non-coding MEG3 Gene on MicroRNA-182 and MicroRNA-29 Expression Levels in the Development of Breast Cancer in Egyptian Women

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olfat Shaker ◽  
Ghada Ayeldeen ◽  
Amr Abdelhamid
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Target Genes ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Critical Factor ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
Expression Levels ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Competing Endogenous Rnas ◽  
Egyptian Women ◽  
The Impact

Early-stage detection of BC is a critical factor for effective treatment of the disease and can increase the survival rate of BC patients. Long non-coding RNAs can act as miRNA decoys by sequestering miRNAs, thus acting as competing endogenous RNAs and leading to re-expression of miRNA target genes. Maternally expressed 3 (MEG3) is LncRNA and it was reported to be tumor suppressor in breast cancer. The study aims to investigate the effect of MEG3 SNP (rs7158663 G/A) and its association with breast cancer risk in the Egyptian population. In addition, demonstrate the consequence of the MEG3 polymorphism on the expression levels of MEG3, miR-182, and miRNA-29. MEG3 rs7158663 G/A was genotyped and serum MEG3, miRNA-182, and miRNA-29 were measured in 180 breast cancer, 120 FA, and 150 controls by the qPCR. Frequencies of MEG3 rs7158663 GA/AA genotype and A allele were significantly higher in BC patients compared to the controls results showed that serum MEG3 levels were significantly lower, according to the presence of the A allele in different study groups while the expression of miR-182 and miRNA 29 were significantly elevated. MEG3, miR-182, and miRNA-29 are key genes involved in the development of BC, are considered as a novel potential non-invasive diagnostic biomarker for BC.

scholarly journals FDOPA-(18F): a PET radiopharmaceutical recently registered for diagnostic use in countries of the European Union

2007 ◽  
Vol 50 (spe) ◽  
pp. 77-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanna-Marina Chevalme ◽  
Françoise Montravers ◽  
Jean-Philippe Vuillez ◽  
Michel Zanca ◽  
Charles Fallais ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Reports ◽  
The Body ◽  
Clinical Usefulness ◽  
Diagnostic Tools ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Commercial Preparation ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Positron Emission ◽  
Pet Ct ◽  
Pet Radiopharmaceutical

Positron emission tomography (PET) and its recent update PET/CT are very effective diagnostic tools for non-invasive imaging of metabolic or functional disorders in target tissues. The clinical usefulness of fluorodeoxyglucose-(18F) (FDG) has been now widely accepted. Recently, the clinical usefulness of fluoroDOPA-(18F) or FDOPA, an aminoacid labelled with the same positron emitter fluorine-18, has been evaluated and recognised in France and subsequently in several EU countries. FDOPA is diagnostic PET agent, which has been used for decades in imaging the loss of dopaminergic neurons in Parkinson's disease, and more recently to detect, stage and restage neuroendocrine tumours and to search for recurrence of viable glioma tissue. The present article summarises the body of evidence that led the French Medicines Agency (AFSSAPS) to grant a marketing authorisation to IASOdopa, a commercial preparation of FDOPA. Brief case reports and figures illustrate the diagnostic performance of FDOPA PET or PET/CT in the different settings that are currently approved in oncology.

scholarly journals Diagnostic Limitation of Chikungunya Fever and its Future Prospect: A Review Update

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 64-70
Author(s):  
Mahmuda Yeasmin ◽  
Md Abdullah Yusuf ◽  
Muhibbur Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Chikungunya Virus ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Febrile Illness ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Disease Diagnosis ◽  
Diagnostic Tools ◽  
Viral Diseases ◽  
Infected Adult ◽  
Proper Diagnosis

Chikungunya is a febrile illness which is usually self-limiting caused by Chikungunya virus (CHIKV). It is transmitted bythe bites of infected adult female mosquitoes mainly Aedesaegypti and Aedesalbopictus from human to human; these vectors also transmit other viral diseases including dengue, zika virus and yellow fever. These viral diseases presented in a similar manner in their early stage of infection specially dengue and chikungunya since neither of them possesses any specific feature to be distinguished clinically. Their outcome and treatment strategies are distinct so early and accurate diagnosis is mandatory for better management and taking appropriate measures to prevent or reduce severity of complications. An early confirmation of any infection demands diagnostic tools that are highly specific and cost effective. Currently no diagnostic tool is available for CHIKV detection which can fulfill these criteria. Moreover effective surveillance, outbreak control, vaccine design and drug development all this demand proper diagnosis. In this review we focus on limitation of available laboratory tests related to diagnosis of chikungunya virus and discuss priorities for further studies needed for disease diagnosis in early stage to control the outbreaks Bangladesh Journal of Infectious Diseases, December 2018;5(2):65-70

scholarly journals BODYTUNE: Multi Auscultation Device – Personal Health Parameter Monitoring at Home

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 5-8
Author(s):  
Rutuja Salvi ◽  
Patricio Fuentealba ◽  
Jasmin Henze ◽  
Anja Burmann ◽  
Moritz Spiller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Big Data ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Audio Signal ◽  
The Body ◽  
Machine Learning Techniques ◽  
Personal Health ◽  
Self Monitoring ◽  
Early Detection Of Disease ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Learning Techniques

Abstract Auscultation methods allow the non-invasive diagnosis of pathological conditions (e.g., of the lung, heart or blood vessels) based on sounds that the body produces (e.g., breathing, heartbeat, swallowing or the blood flow). Through regular homebased examinations and Big Data combined with Machine learning techniques like Deep Learning, these could help detect diseases in an early stage, thus preventing serious health conditions and subsequently ensuring optimal therapy through continuous monitoring. This paper presents BODYTUNE, a novel inexpensive multi-auscultation system that aims at providing a tool for establishing a baseline of audio signal derived classification parameters that could be used for the self-monitoring of personal health for everybody through the analysis of deviations from that baseline. In the future, Big Data analysis could additionally lead to prediction and early detection of disease events.

scholarly journals A Review: Electrochemical Biosensors for Oral Cancer

Chemosensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yen-Tzu Lin ◽  
Sorour Darvishi ◽  
Anant Preet ◽  
Tzu-Yen Huang ◽  
Sheng-Hsuan Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Cancer ◽  
Electrochemical Impedance ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Case Fatality ◽  
Differential Pulse ◽  
The Body ◽  
Electrochemical Biosensors ◽  
Biomedical Sciences ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Oral Cancer Patients

Oral cancer poses a serious threat worldwide owing to its soaring case-fatality rate and its metastatic characteristics of spreading to the other parts of the body. Despite the recent breakthroughs in biomedical sciences, the detection of oral cancer at an early stage is still challenging. Conventional diagnosis in clinics and optical techniques to detect oral cancer in the initial stages are quite complicated as well as not completely accurate. To enhance the survival rate of oral cancer patients, it is important to investigate the novel methodologies that can provide faster, simpler, non-invasive, and yet ultraprecise detection of the onset of oral cancer. In this review, we demonstrate the promising aspects of an electrochemical biosensor as an ideal tool for oral cancer detection. We discuss the cutting-edge methodologies utilizing various electrochemical biosensors targeting the different kinds of biomarkers. In particular, we emphasize on electrochemical biosensors working at the molecular levels, which can be classified into mainly three types: DNA biosensors, RNA biosensors and protein biosensors according to the types of the analytes. Furthermore, we focus on the significant electrochemical methods including cyclic voltammetry (CV), differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) to analyze the oral cancer biomarkers (such as IL-6, IL-8, CYFRA 21-1, CD 59 and CIP2A) present in body fluids including saliva and serum, using non-invasive manner. Hence, this review provides essential insights into the development of pioneering electrochemical biosensors for the detection of oral cancer at an early stage.

scholarly journals Connections between Different Sports and Ergogenic Aids—Focusing on Salivary Cortisol and Amylase

Medicina ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 57 (8) ◽  
pp. 753
Author(s):  
Cezar Honceriu ◽  
Alexandrina-Stefania Curpan ◽  
Alin Ciobica ◽  
Andrei Ciobica ◽  
Constantin Trus ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Salivary Cortisol ◽  
Invasive Procedure ◽  
Ergogenic Aids ◽  
The Body ◽  
Diagnostic Tools ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Tremendous Amount ◽  
Novel Biomarkers ◽  
Nutrition And Hydration

Athletes are exposed to a tremendous amount of stress, both physically and mentally, when performing high intensity sports with frequent practices, pushing numerous athletes into choose to use ergogenic aids such as caffeine or β-alanine to significantly improve their performance and ease the stress and pressure that is put onto the body. The beneficial or even detrimental effects of these so-called ergogenic aids can be appreciated through the use of numerous diagnostic tools that can analyze various body fluids. In the recent years, saliva samples are gaining more ground in the field of diagnostic as it is a non-invasive procedure, contains a tremendous amount of analytes that are subject to pathophysiological changes caused by diseases, exercises, fatigue as well as nutrition and hydration. Thus, we describe here the current progress regarding potential novel biomarkers for stress and physical activity, salivary α-amylase and salivary cortisol, as well as their use and measurement in combination with different already-known or new ergogenic aids.

scholarly journals Melanoma Screening with Computer Aided Dermoscopy System Based on the ABCD Criteria

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 01-04
Author(s):  
Heller Richard ◽  
Guilan Shi
Keyword(s):  
Computer Technology ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Skin Surface ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Skin Lesions ◽  
The Body ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Pigmented Skin Lesions ◽  
Early Tumor ◽  
Melanoma Screening

Melanoma mortality rates are the highest amongst skin cancer patients. The 5-year survival rate is 92% if melanoma is diagnosed at an early stage and is localized. If melanoma has spread to other parts of the body, survival is only 13%. Therefore, it is particularly important to develop approaches that can enhance early and accurate diagnosis of melanoma. Dermatoscopy has been widely used to identify early tumor growth. With the addition of computer technology, digital dermatoscopy systems are capable of accurately assessing skin surface features modeled along the ABCD criteria and have been used for clinical assessment of pigmented skin lesions. This paper introduces a non-invasive computerized dermoscopy system that considers lesions on the skin for `diagnosis.

scholarly journals Imaging techniques as a method of sectional examination in forensic veterinary medicine

2018 ◽  
Vol 74 (1) ◽  
pp. 6005-2018
Author(s):  
MAŁGORZATA GRELA ◽  
PIOTR LISTOS ◽  
MAGDALENA GRYZIŃSKA ◽  
WOJCIECH CHAGOWSKI ◽  
GRZEGORZ BUSZEWICZ ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Veterinary Medicine ◽  
Minimally Invasive ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Comprehensive Analysis ◽  
The Body ◽  
Minimally Invasive Techniques ◽  
Pathological Changes ◽  
Body Scanning ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Invasive Techniques

An autopsy or necropsy can be performed only once; therefore, its proper execution is of fundamental importance in explaining the cause of death. The protocol with photographic documentation is an integral part of the autopsy, but sometimes it does not fully reflect the state of the body and the pathological changes observed at each stage of the procedure. These shortcomings are addressed by modern imaging techniques, which are increasingly used during the autopsy of human bodies, but quite rarely during necropsy of animals. Non-invasive techniques (CT, MRI, or photogrammetry with laser body scanning), or in some cases also minimally invasive techniques (biopsy), enable comprehensive analysis of the carcass, but Virtopsy is only a supplement to the classical autopsy, especially in veterinary forensic medicine..

Early Diabetes Discovery From Tongue Images

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Safia Naveed ◽  
Geetha G ◽  
Leninisha S
Keyword(s):  
Human Body ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Texture Features ◽  
The Body ◽  
Body Parts ◽  
Early Diabetes ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Internal Structures ◽  
Invasive Method ◽  
Sugar Levels

Abstract Medical imaging shows the internal structures hidden in the skin and bone to diagnose the disease. Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disorder that causes high blood sugar levels due to the inadequate secretion of insulin or the body does not respond properly to the secreted insulin. This paper proposes a non-invasive method to detect DM at an early stage based on the physiognomy extracted from tongue images. The tongue extends to identify the disease of a human body. However, unpredictable response of the human body parts such as the stomach, pancreas, liver and intestines revert in the tongue. The changes in the tongue ensure the dereliction of the internal organs of the human being. The changes are difference in the color and surface of the tongue. Processing of tongue image is done by fractional order Darwinian particle swarm optimization (FODPSO) algorithm. The system framework involves obtaining the image, alluring of the image, identifying the texture and color feature and finally classified as normal or diabetic. In this paper, the authors propose to diagnose DM at an early stage from tongue digital image. The tongue image is acquired and processed with FODPSO to extract edge and texture features. Tongue reflects and diagnoses diabetes in a person.

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