scholarly journals Gastric Ulcer Prevention by Lansoprazole

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 01-03
Author(s):  
Stalin reddy Challa ◽  
Prasad Garrepally
Keyword(s):  
Synergetic Effect ◽  
Double Emulsion ◽  
Entrapment Efficiency ◽  
Particle Size Analysis ◽  
Size Analysis ◽  
Compatibility Study ◽  
Formulation Development ◽  
Diffusion Controlled ◽  
Stabilizer Concentration ◽  
Percentage Yield

The objective of the current investigation is to formulate ethyl cellulose and hydroxypropyle methyle cellulose based sustained release microspheres, containing lansoprazole as model drugs. lansoprazole is type II anti-ulcer agent when administered shows synergetic effect in their action. Microspheres were prepared by W/O/O double emulsion solvent evaporation method with different stabilizer concentration and at different speeds of emulsification while maintaining constant amount of lansoprazole. Drug excipient compatibility study was performed prior to formulation development and only compatible excipients were used in the fabrication of microspheres. Prepared microsphere formulations were characterized by percentage yield, particle size analysis, entrapment efficiency, invitro release behavior, differential scanning colorimetry (DSC) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). SEM studies showed that the microspheres were spherical with rough surface morphology. The drug loaded microspheres showed 10.4-57.9% entrapment capacity for lansoprazole and The invitro release profile showed a slow and steady release pattern for lansoprazole. A 95-98% was releases within a period of 12 hrs . The drug release was found to be diffusion controlled mechanism. The n value of Korsmeyer Peppas equation indicated non Fickian type of diffusion.

scholarly journals DESIGN AND IN VITRO CHARACTERIZATION OF FLUTRIMAZOLE MICROSPHERES LOADED TOPICAL EMULGEL

2019 ◽  
pp. 242-251
Author(s):  
MUTHADI RADHIKA REDDY ◽  
SOUMYASTUTIPATNAIK
Keyword(s):  
Controlled Release ◽  
Entrapment Efficiency ◽  
Particle Size Analysis ◽  
Angle Of Repose ◽  
Size Analysis ◽  
Infrared Study ◽  
Topical Gel ◽  
Percentage Yield ◽  
Model Drug

Objective: Flutrimazole is a topical antifungal agent which displays potent broad spectrum in vitro activity against dermatophytes, filamentous fungi, and yeasts. The purpose of the present study is to formulate and evaluate microspheres loaded topical gel containing flutrimazole as model drug microspheres were prepared using aqueous ionotropic gelation method. Methods: Different polymers, the different drug to polymer(s) ratio(s) and other parameters were screened to study their effects on the properties of microspheres and to optimize each parameter. The controlled release emulgel was formulated by changing the polymer ratio. Fourier transform infrared study confirmed the purity of the drug, concede no interaction between the drug and excipients and analyze the parameters affecting the morphology and other characteristics of the resultant products employing scanning electron microscopy. Results: Microspheres loaded topical gel has been shown that encapsulation and controlled release of flutrimazole could reduce the side effect while also reducing percutaneous absorption when administered to the skin. The microspheres obtained were subjected to the preformulation studies such as bulk density, tapped density, angle of repose, Carr’s index, and Hausner’s ratio the results obtained were within the limit. The microspheres were characterized by percentage yield, drug entrapment efficiency, and particle size analysis, then the optimized microspheres formulation were incorporated into the gel prepared with various polymer(s) ratio(s) and were evaluated by parameters such as visual inspection, pH measurement, spreadability studies, viscosity, and in vitro drug release using Franz diffusion cell. Conclusion: The result of studies revealed that the optimized batch shows 97.24% release in 12 h and stable for around there. The microsphere loaded gel has advantages such as efficient absorption and more drug retention time.

scholarly journals FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF DASATINIB LOADED SOLID LIPID NANOPARTICLES

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 14 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Yasmin Begum ◽  
Prathyusha Reddy Gudipati
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Drug Release ◽  
Zeta Potential ◽  
Solid Lipid Nanoparticles ◽  
Entrapment Efficiency ◽  
Lipid Nanoparticles ◽  
Size Analysis ◽  
Compatibility Study ◽  
Solid Lipid ◽  
Poly Dispersity Index

Objective: The aim of present work was to formulate and evaluate Dasatinib (DST) loaded solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) as a potential anticancer drug delivery system by enhancing its solubility.Methods: SLNs consist of a solid lipid matrix where the drug was incorporated. Surfactants of GRAS grade were used to avoid aggregation and to stabilize the SLNs. DST-SLNs formulations of varying concentrations were prepared by high speed homogenization technique and evaluated for drug excipients compatibility study, poly-dispersity index, particle size analysis, surface morphology, zeta potential and drug release features.Results: It was observed that DST-SLNs with optimum quantities of poloxomer: lecithin ratio showed 88.06% drug release in 6h with good entrapment efficiency of 76.9±0.84 %. Particle size, Poly dispersity index, zeta potential and drug entrapment efficiency for the optimized formulation was found to be optimum. Stability studies revealed that the entrapment efficiency of the SLN dispersion stored in 4 °C was stable.Conclusion: Thus, it can be concluded that formulations of DST loaded SLNs are suitable carriers for improving the solubility and dissolution related problems. 

scholarly journals STABILITY OF ANTI-ACNE NIOSOME GELS CONTAINING BETEL LEAF (PIPER BETLE L.) ESSENTIAL OIL

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 130
Author(s):  
Mahdi Jufri ◽  
Muthaharrah . . ◽  
Elsa Humairah ◽  
Ernie Hermawati Purwaningsih
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Entrapment Efficiency ◽  
Particle Size Analysis ◽  
Gelling Agent ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Size Analysis ◽  
Piper Betle ◽  
Betel Leaf

Objective: Formulation, antibacterial activity, and stability tests of niosomal gels containing betel leaf (Piper betle L.) essential oil as an anti-acnetreatment were carried out. Niosome vesicular carriers provide drug delivery through the topical and transdermal routes. The aim of creating theniosome preparation was to increase the transfollicular penetration and improve the stability of the gel.Materials and Methods: Betel leaf essential oil extraction was performed using the steam distillation method, and essential oil compoundidentification was completed using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. The niosome formulations were generated with two cholesterol–surfactant amount ratios, specifically, 1:1 (F1) and 1:2 (F2; w/w). The niosomes were evaluated, including the entrapment efficiency test, usingultraviolet-visible spectrophotometry; particle size analysis was performed using a particle size analyzer; and the vesicle morphology test wasconducted using transmission electron microscopy. The niosomes were made into a gel using 0.5% carbopol 940 as the gelling agent. The niosomegels were evaluated for their organoleptic properties, pH, viscosity, antibacterial activity against Propionibacterium acnes, and stability for 12 weeksat three different storage temperatures, namely, low temperature (4±2°C), room temperature (28±2°C), and high temperature (40±2°C).Results: The test results showed that the F2 niosome gel was more stable than the F1 gel was, while the antibacterial activities of the F1 and F2niosome gels did not differ significantly.Conclusion: The niosomal gel preparations’ inhibition of the growth of P. acnes bacteria was decreased compared with that of the essential oils.

scholarly journals Formulation and Evaluation of Microsponges Gel of Havan Ash for the Treatment of Acne

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 74-85
Author(s):  
Sonali Syal ◽  
Vinay Pandit ◽  
Amar Deep Ankalgi ◽  
C.P.S Verma ◽  
M.S. Ashawat
Keyword(s):  
Acne Vulgaris ◽  
Preliminary Investigation ◽  
Particle Size Analysis ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Size Analysis ◽  
Topical Formulation ◽  
Physical Description ◽  
Topical Gel ◽  
Percentage Yield

The aim of this study was to develop the Microsponges containing Havan ash composed gel formulation for the treatment of Acne. Therefore, the topical formulation containing microsponges of Havan Ash will be formulated and evaluated. The preliminary investigation was carried out for the formulation of Havan ash loaded Microsponges by using quasi emulsion solvent diffusion method (MSF1-MSF6). In the preformulation studies of Havan ash the physical description and organoleptic properties, pH, acid insoluble ash, water-soluble ash, IR spectroscopy, identification test, rheological study, atomic absorption spectroscopy is also carried out. On the basis of particle size analysis of Microsponges, percentage yield formulation MSF5 containing Microsponges formula was selected for composition of topical gel formulation. Thus the different gel base formulation (G1-G3) using Carbopol-934 (1,1.5,2.0%) was prepared by emulsification method. By considering all the relevant, physicochemical parameters, G2 gel base was selected for further loading of Havan ash containing Microsponges. The MSF5 formulation was loaded into the selected gel base G2 (1.5%). Then the formulation and evaluation of Havan ash microsponges loaded gel was done. The formulation F3 has better results than other 4 formulations. F3 have its appearance silver colour, consistency very good, Grittiness –ve, homogeneity good, wash ability very good, pH 6.3, Spreadabilty (g.cm/sec) 14.4 ± 0.77 7and viscosity (cps) 18251 ± 50.12, have good result of psychometric analysis. With the revealed results by different evaluation parameters, it is concluded that microsponges drug delivery system has become highly competitive and rapidly evolving technology and more research are carrying out to optimize cost-effectiveness and efficacy of the therapy. Keywords: Havan ash, Antimicrobial, Microsponges, Acne vulgaris, Topical gel.

scholarly journals FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF ISORHAMNETIN LOADED POLY LACTIC-CO-GLYCOLIC ACID NANOPARTICLES

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 177
Author(s):  
Kandakumar Settu ◽  
Manju Vaiyapuri
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Glycolic Acid ◽  
Polymeric Nanoparticles ◽  
Double Emulsion ◽  
Spherical Shape ◽  
Particle Size Analysis ◽  
Size Analysis ◽  
Characteristic Variety ◽  
Sem Image ◽  
Flexible Technology

  Objective: The aim of the present study was formulation and evaluation of isorhamnetin loaded poly lactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA) polymeric nanoparticles (NPs).Methods: The present study was designed to incorporate the isorhamnetin in PLGA formulation by double emulsion solvent evaporation method, which offers a dynamic and flexible technology for enhancing drug solubility due to their biphasic characteristic, variety in design, composition and assembly. Synthesized isorhamnetin-PLGA NPs were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and particle size analyzer. We tested the efficacy of isorhamnetin-PLGA NPs in HepG2 cell lines.Results: From the FTIR result, we concluded that -C-N-, -C=C-, N-H, C-N, N-O, O-H, and C-H are the functional groups present in isorhamnetin-PLGA NPs, SEM image shows spherical shape of particles. The particle size analysis result shows 255-342 nm range of particles. Isorhamnetin-PLGA NPs significantly enhanced (p<0.05) the antiproliferative effect when compared to the plain drug.Conclusion: This study concluded that the newly formulated NP drug delivery systems of isorhamnetin provided an insight into the therapeutic effectiveness of the designed formulation for the treatment of chemotherapy.

scholarly journals Comparing Microspheres with Different Internal Phase of Polyelectrolyte as Local Drug Delivery System for Bone Tuberculosis Therapy

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gang Wu ◽  
Long Chen ◽  
Hong Li ◽  
Chun-Ling Deng ◽  
Xiao-Feng Chen
Keyword(s):  
Release Rate ◽  
Drug Loading ◽  
Double Emulsion ◽  
Particle Size Analysis ◽  
Local Drug Delivery ◽  
Size Analysis ◽  
Burst Release ◽  
Water Solvent ◽  
Internal Phase ◽  
Local Drug Delivery System

We use hydrophobic poly(lactic-co-glycolic) acid (PLGA) to encapsulate hydrophilic ofloxacin to form drug loading microspheres. Hyaluronic acid (HA) and polylysine (Pls) were used as internal phase additives to see their influences on the drug loading and releasing. Double emulsion (water-in-oil-in-water) solvent extraction/evaporation method was used for the purpose. Particle size analysis display that the polyelectrolytes have low impact on the microsphere average size and distribution. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) pictures show the wrinkled surface resulted by the internal microcavity of the microspheres. Microspheres with HA inside have higher drug loading amounts than microspheres with Pls inside. The loading drug amounts of the microspheres increase with the HA amounts inside, while decreasing with the Pls amounts inside. All the polyelectrolytes adding groups have burst release observed in experiments. The microspheres with Pls internal phase have faster release rate than the HA groups. Among the same polyelectrolyte internal phase groups, the release rate increases with the amounts increasing when Pls is inside, while it decreases with the amounts increasing when HA is inside.

scholarly journals Anti-Cancer Cyclodextrin Nanocapsules Based Formulation Development for Lung Chemotherapy

2021 ◽  
pp. 54-63
Author(s):  
. Pankaj
Keyword(s):  
Lung Carcinoma ◽  
Particle Size Analysis ◽  
Size Analysis ◽  
Polymer Complex ◽  
Formulation Development ◽  
Pulmonary Cancer ◽  
Anti Cancer ◽  
Poorly Soluble ◽  
Cancer Agent ◽  
Cancerous Cells

Lung carcinoma is one of the highly malignant carcinoma. Oncologists also face a difficulty in handling lung carcinoma. A novel therapeutically strategy in patients with pulmonary cancer may be the immediate injection of chemical-therapeutic agents within lungs. Many drugs are available for in market for treatment of lung cancer but face difficulty due to poor solubility. The paper discusses about development of cyclodextrin modified cationic polymer complex i.e. polyethylene glycol (PEG), wherein the complex is used for providing drug delivery of poorly soluble drugs, more specifically ellipcitine. The complex was made by coating PEG over cyclodextrin nanocapsules wherein the core of the capsule is filled with PEG-7 Glyceryl Cocoate oil for enhancing the delivery of the anti-cancer agent. The complex was then evaluated under characterization studies which includes particle size analysis, zeta potential, morphological analysis, cytotoxicity analysis and anti-cancer effect of the complex. It was found that the complex was more potent in delivering the drug within cancerous cells and was potent to treat lung carcinoma.

scholarly journals Formulation Development and Evaluation of Sustained Release Microsphere of Levetiracetam

2021 ◽  
Vol 71 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dinesh V. Panpaliya ◽  
Atish Y. Sahare ◽  
Priyanka Lanje ◽  
Pooja Dhoke
Keyword(s):  
Drug Release ◽  
Entrapment Efficiency ◽  
Solvent Evaporation ◽  
In Vitro Dissolution ◽  
Compatibility Study ◽  
Solvent Evaporation Method ◽  
Formulation Development ◽  
Sustained Drug Release ◽  
Evaporation Method

The aim of the present work was to develop and evaluate of oral microsphere of Levetiracetam to reduce the frequency of dosing by achieving 12 hours sustained drug release. The microsphere formed will also mask the bitter taste of the drug and thus increase the compatibility of the drug with the patients. Levetiracetam is a second-generation anti-epileptic agent useful in the treatment of partial onset and monoclinic seizures. It has a short half life of 7 hours and its recommended dose is 500 mg twice a daily. Microspheres are suitable drug delivery system for such drug candidate. For these reasons it is must to formulate a suitable dosage form by which it will be easier to administer the dose and also to get a sustained drug release hence microsphere was prepared using solvent evaporation method. Preformulation studies were carried out to rule out any drug polymer interaction by FTIR technique. In this study formulation was done solvent evaporation method using different percentage of HPMC– K 100, HPMC- K 15 and coated with Eudragit S100. Drug, polymer and physical mixture were evaluated for in compatibility study by Fourier transforms infrared spectroscopy. All the batches of microsphere (F1 to F5) were subjected for in vitro dissolution. Microsphere was evaluated for surface morphology, micromeritics properties, entrapment efficiency and in vitro drug release. The entrapment efficiency of microsphere ranged from 71.16%-73.66%. The size of the prepared microsphere ranges between 42.8 µm to 55.64 µm which was found to increase with increase in RPM at same polymer ratio. Micromeritics studies showed good flow properties. Among the microsphere batches, F5 was observed as an optimized batch as its formulation with polymer i.e. Eudragit-S 100 and HPMC-K 100 was found to be release in sustained manner. The F-5 batch shows is 79.45% drug release at the end of 7 hrs and its stability study indicate that these microspheres were stable at selected temperature and humidity

scholarly journals Formulation and Evaluation of Solid Lipid Nanoparticles of Olanzapine for the Treatment of Psychosis

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (5-s) ◽  
pp. 25-31
Author(s):  
Shubhangi C. Daswadkar ◽  
Abhijit Vasant Atole
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Solid Lipid Nanoparticles ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Entrapment Efficiency ◽  
Antipsychotic Agent ◽  
Tween 80 ◽  
Lipid Nanoparticles ◽  
Particle Size Analysis ◽  
Size Analysis ◽  
Solid Lipid

Solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN) are typically spherical with an average diameter between 1 nm to 1000 nm in range. It is alternative carrier systems to tradition colloidal carriers, such as liposomes emulsions and polymeric micro and nanoparticles. Olanzapine (OZP) is an atypical antipsychotic agent which is used for treatment of Schizophrenia. Its oral bioavailability is around of 40%. OZP is a class II drug so it having low aqueous solubility. To overcome that problem and to increase its bioavailability, the solid lipid nanoparticles of olanzapine are prepared. Formulation batches designed by modifying type of surfactant ( Span 80, Tween 80), concentration of surfactant, Concentration of co-surfactant, type of lipid ( glyceryl monostearate, Stearic acid), Lipid concentration, speed of stirring and time of stirring using customised design  of DOE. The SLN were prepared by high speed homogenization technique, and then characterized by particle size analysis, Drug entrapment efficiency and Drug diffusion study. A formulation containing GMS as a lipid stabilised with tween 80 as surfactant show good drug release, smaller particle size, as compared with other formulations with different lipid and surfactant. The present research findings indicate that OZP loaded solid lipid Nano particulate system for delivery of OZP with better efficacy with minimum adverse effects. Keywords: Olanzapine, SLN, GMS, high speed homogenization and DOE.

scholarly journals Development and evaluation of acyclovir loaded chitosan microspheres and cross linked with glutaraldehyde

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 110-114
Author(s):  
Harshita Jain ◽  
Vivek Jain ◽  
Sunil Kumar Jain ◽  
Pushpendra Kumar Khangar
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Drug Release ◽  
Drug Loading ◽  
Antiviral Drug ◽  
Entrapment Efficiency ◽  
Particle Size Analysis ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Size Analysis ◽  
Burst Release ◽  
Chitosan Microspheres

The guanine derivative antiviral drug acyclovir (ACV) is one of the oldest molecules put downing triumphant market until date, being commercially accessible in a variety of dosage forms for oral, topical and parenteral administrations. Clinical purpose of this drug is better to new antiviral agents due to its potential values such as suppression of recurrence, security profile, negligible drug interactions and being inexpensive. ACV is slightly water soluble, less permeable and poorly bioavailable, yet further potential antiviral molecule, the physicochemical alterations and new dosage form approaches resulted with more than 100 research efforts within a decade. The current study endeavored at the formulation of chitosan microspheres loaded with ACV to conquer the poor bioavailability and recurrent dose administration. Chitosan microspheres were prepared by emulsification technique by glutaraldehyde cross-linking. A variety of formulation and process variables such as polymer, glutaraldehyde, drug, span 80 concentrations, effect of stirring speed and stirring time were optimized. Formulated microspheres were characterized for its drug loading, invitro drug release, entrapment efficiency, surface morphology (SEM), particle size analysis and FTIR spectroscopy. The characterization of the fabricated microspheres demonstrated smooth surface with thin particle size allocation and entrapment efficiency of 80.8% for stirring speed batch. The prepared microspheres showed a controlled drug release of 93.2% over a period of 8 hrs with initial burst release of 56.7 % in the first 2hrs. The FTIR showed that there was no possible drug interaction among the drug and polymer. From the data’s obtained it can be concluded that the chitosan microspheres could be believed as a possible carrier for controlled drug delivery of ACV. Keywords: Acyclovir, Antiviral drug, Microspheres, Chitosan, Glutaraldehyde.

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