scholarly journals METHOD FOR SELECTING TECHNOLOGICAL TYPE COWS FOR ROBOTIC MILKING

2021 ◽  
Vol 246 (2) ◽  
pp. 272-275
Author(s):  
D.R. Sharipov ◽  
◽  
O.A. Yakimov ◽  
I.Sh. Galimullin ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Milk Yield ◽  
Robotic Technology ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Research Material ◽  
Milk Flow ◽  
Peasant Farm ◽  
Robotic Milking ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Daily Milk Yield ◽  
Daily Milk

The technological properties of the udder of cows have been studied under the conditions of using a robotic milking system. The research material was Holstein cows in the peasant (farm) economy of the Republic of Tatarstan, serviced by "Astronaut A4" robotic milking from "Lely Industries N.V.". A method for selecting cows for robotic milking has been developed. At the same time, in the herd, first, cows of the 1st lactation at 2-4 months of lactation are assessed according to the duration of milking and animals with duration of milking from 3 to 6 minutes are selected. Then, cows are selected from this group, whose lactation intensity indicator at 2-4 months of lactation exceeds the average value of this group by 0.5 sigma (M + 0.5σ), where M – the arithmetic mean of the indicator; σ – the standard deviation of the indicator. The proposed selection method makes it possible to form a breeding core and increase the milk yield in 305 days of lactation in the group of first-calf cows by 9.5 % (P˂0.01), daily milk yield – 14.4 % (P˂0.001), the milk flow rate – 33 % (P ˂ 0.001) and reduce the duration of cows' stay in the boxing by 17.5 %, the duration of milking cows – 21.7 %. When using this method, the efficiency of using robotic technology for milk production is increased.

scholarly journals Adaptation strategy of different cow genotypes to the voluntary milking system

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 145-150
Author(s):  
O. O. Borshch ◽  
B. V. Gutyj ◽  
O. I. Sobolev ◽  
O. V. Borshch ◽  
S. Yu. Ruban ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Milk Yield ◽  
Adaptation Strategy ◽  
Adaptation Period ◽  
Adaptation Time ◽  
Brown Swiss ◽  
Holstein Breed ◽  
Number Of Visits ◽  
Robotic Milking ◽  
Daily Milk Yield ◽  
Daily Milk

The aim was of this study was to discover the adaptation indicators of different breeds first-calving cows to voluntary (robotic) milking system during the first month of lactation. The research was carried out in a robotic farm on German Holstein, French Holstein breeds and Brown Swiss breed of cows. During the adaptation period, the German Holsteins were differed from the rench Holsteins and Brown Swiss breed by milk yield, multiplicity of milking, and the amount of consumed concentrated feed. On the 30th day (end of adaptation period), the German Holstein breed dominated over the French Holstein breed and Brown Swiss having average daily milk yield by 0.73 and 4.12 kg, milking times by 0.26 and 0.34, the amount of consumed concentrated feed by 0.32 and 0.61 kg higher. In addition, the German Holstein breed during the adaptation period was distinguished by higher multiplicity of passages through the selection gate and the number of visits to feed stations. Important indicators of adaptation to free keeping and voluntary milking are the number of cases of forced milking. On the 5th day of lactation, some 69.4–86.2% of cows of all the groups did not enter the milking robot. This indicator has been steadily declining every five days. On the 30th day of lactation the cases of operator-forced milking were 24.3–35.9% and they were the lowest in cows of the German Holstein breed, indicating the best adaptive qualities of this cattle. The German Holstein breed had more lower (by 0.30 and 0.26 mS/cm) electrical milk conductivity on the 30th day compared with French and Brown Swiss breeds. In addition, the number of somatic cells in its milk was lower by 19.4 and 17.1 thousand cells per cm3 compared with French Holstein and Brown Swiss breed. Therefore, we suggested that the German Holstein breed has more higher stress tolerance, and hence a shorter adaptation time to the keeping.

scholarly journals К вопросу отбора коров по технологическим признакам вымени

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
L.I. Zubkova ◽  
E.I. Vlasova
Keyword(s):  
Milk Yield ◽  
Blood Levels ◽  
Qualitative Properties ◽  
Holstein Breed ◽  
Milk Flow ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Daily Milk Yield ◽  
Effective Use ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Daily Milk

Исследована зависимость молочной продуктивности и воспроизводительных качеств коров ярославской породы и ярославско-голштинских помесей в стаде от наличия у них дополнительных сосков. Объекты исследований коровы ярославской породы и помеси с голштинской породой разной кровности, содержащиеся в стаде одного из сельскохозяйственных предприятий Ярославской области. Было исследовано 307 коров, при глазомерной оценке стада выявлено 60 голов с полителией и 247 не имеющих дополнительных сосков.При подборе коров для машинного доения важное значение придаётся форме, размерам и расположениям сосков. Определённая стандартизация по этим признакам позволяет повысить эффективность доения аппаратами. Из исследуемого поголовья полителия наблюдается у 29 голов ярославской породы и 31 ярославско-голштинской помеси. 32 полителийные коровы (53,3) имели по одному добавочному соску и 28 коров (46,7) по два.Наибольшая встречаемость полителии наблюдается у коров с округлым выменем (47 гол., или 78,3), наименьшая у коров с ваннообразной формой вымени (6 гол., или 10). Для исследования функциональных, качественных свойств молочной железы к выборке животных срудиментарными соскамибыли подобраны сверстницы по возрасту, возрасту 1-го отёла и количеству законченных лактаций. Установлено, что надой за 305 дней 1-й лактации больше у коров без полителии на 308 кг, суточный удой выше на 2,8 кг, скорость молокоотдачи на 0,12 кг/мин. Коровы-сверстницы без дополнительных сосков превышают практически все показатели молочной продуктивности полителийных коров. Таким образом, селекция по морфофункциональным свойствам вымени будет способствовать повышению продуктивности коров стада и эффективному использованию доильного оборудования, снижению себестоимости продукции.The dependence of milk productivity and reproductive qualities of cows of the Yaroslavl breed and Yaroslavl-Holstein crossbreeds in the herd on the presence of additional dugs was studied. Objects of research are cows of the Yaroslavl breed and crossbreeds with Holstein breed of different blood levels containing in the herd of one of the agricultural businesses of the Yaroslavl region. 307 cows were examined, 60 animals with polythelia and 247 animals without additional dugs were found with a visual appraisal of the herd. When selecting cows for machine milking, great importance is attached to the shape, size and location of the dugs. A certain standardization on these features can increase the efficiency of milking by machines. From the studied livestock polythelia is observed in 29 heads of the Yaroslavl breed and 31 in the Yaroslavl-Holstein crossbreed. 32 polythelial cows (53.3) each had one additional dug and 28 cows (46.7) each had two dugs. The highest occurrence of polythelia is observed in cows with a round udder (47 heads or 78.3), the smallest - in cows with a bath-shaped udder (6 heads or 10). To study the functional, qualitative properties of the mammary gland herdmates were selected according to the age, age of the first calving and the number of completed lactations for a sample of animals with rudimentary dugs. It was found that milk yield for 305 days of first lactation is 308 kg more for cows without polythelia, daily milk yield is 2.8 kg higher, milk flow rate is 0.12 kg/min. Cows-herdmates without additional dugs exceed almost all indicators of milk production of polythelial cows. Thus, selection by the morphofunctional properties of the udder will increase the cow productivity of herd and the effective use of milking equipment, reduce the cost of production.

scholarly journals Phenotypic features of black and red dairy cattle populations in the Siberian region

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 ◽  
pp. 00178
Author(s):  
Irina Trotsenko ◽  
Irina Ivanova ◽  
Elena Yurchenko
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Milk Productivity ◽  
Siberian Region ◽  
Milk Flow ◽  
Production Technologies ◽  
Phenotypic Features ◽  
Daily Milk Yield ◽  
Daily Milk

The surveys have identified features of the exterior for 742 breeding cows of black-motley and red steppe breed in the Omsk region conditions. It was found that black motley cows are larger than peers of the red steppe breed are; these differences are 4.7 cm in height at the withers, 8.3 cm - in chest circumference, 1.4 cm and 5.6 cm - in width at the shoulders and ischial tubercles respectively. The studying animals received 83–84 points for the general type of development, which corresponds to the assessment “B+”. The average daily milk yield of black motley cows was 24.1 kg with an average milk flow rate of 2.24 kg / min. Red steppe cows' average daily milk yield is lower by 2.0 kg and it is about 22.1 kg, the milk flow rate is lower by 0.36 kg / min than for cows of the black motley breed. Phenotypic features of the two cows’ dairy cattle populations of the Siberian region characterize it like animals with the correct exterior, severe forms of milk and able to exhibit a high milk productivity in the conditions of modern milk production technologies. Phenotypic exterior evaluation of the broodstock reveals all the necessary provisions for potentially high-yielding offspring.

Effects on milk yield of milking interval regularity and teat cup attachment failures with robotic milking systems

2005 ◽  
Vol 72 (1) ◽  
pp. 101-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alex Bach ◽  
Isabel Busto
Keyword(s):  
Milk Production ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
Coefficient Of Variation ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Random Effect ◽  
Robotic Milking ◽  
Daily Milk Yield ◽  
Daily Milk

A database consisting of 35291 milking records from 83 cows was built over a period of 10 months with the objectives of studying the effect of teat cup attachment failures and milking interval regularity on milk production with an automated milking system (AMS). The database collected records of lactation number, days in milk (DIM), milk production, interval between milkings (for both the entire udder and individual quarters in case of a teat cup attachment failure) and average and peak milk flows for each milking. The weekly coefficient of variation (CV) of milking intervals was used as a measure of milking regularity. DIM, milking intervals, and CV of milking intervals were divided into four categories coinciding with the four quartiles of their respective distributions. The data were analysed by analysis of variance with cow as a random effect and lactation number, DIM, the occurrence of a milking failure, and the intervals between milkings or the weekly CV of milking intervals as fixed effects. The incidence of attachment failures was 7·6% of total milkings. Milk production by quarters affected by a milking failure following the failure was numerically greater owing to the longer interval between milkings. When accounting for the effect of milking intervals, milk production by affected quarters following a milking failure was 26% lower than with regular milkings. However, the decrease in milk production by quarters affected by milking failures was more severe as DIM increased. Average and peak milk flows by quarters affected by a milking failure were lower than when milkings occurred normally. However, milk production recovered its former level within seven milkings following a milking failure. Uneven frequency (weekly CV of milking intervals >27%) decreased daily milk yield, and affected multiparous more negatively than primiparous cows.

Characteristics of population genetic and breeding parameters of the traits of milk productivity of black-and-white and Holstein cows of the Republic of Kazakhstan

2022 ◽  
pp. 48-58
Author(s):  
A. Kharzhau ◽  
A. Shamshidin ◽  
A. Sermyagin ◽  
K. Zhumanov
Keyword(s):  
Milk Yield ◽  
Population Genetic ◽  
Breeding Value ◽  
Holstein Cows ◽  
Milk Productivity ◽  
Breeding Parameters ◽  
Black And White ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Daily Milk Yield ◽  
Daily Milk

Purpose: determination of the selection and genetic parameters of the daily milk productivity of black-and-white and Holstein cows to characterize the population.Materials and methods. The studies were carried out using a database formed on the basis of the information and analytical management system of animal husbandry in the Republic of Kazakhstan (RK) for daily control milking of Holstein and black-and-white cows. The sample included indicators of milk productivity for three lactations of animals bred in 43 herds: I lactation - 14 482 records (3130 cows and 391 bull fathers), II lactation - 13 656 records (2734 cows and 537 bull fathers), III lactation - 4,911 records (886 cows and 260 bull fathers).Results. Phenotypic variability indices (CvP) by lactation varied: daily milk yield - 34.1 ... 38.8%, MJ - 9.8 ... 11.6%, BMD - 6.7 ... 8.6%, SCS - 32.5 ... 37.8%. The additive genetic variability (CvA) was lower and ranged for: daily milk yield - 22.9 ... 27.0%, MJ - 3.8 ... 4.7%, BMD - 2.6 ... 3.1%, SCS - 13 , 8 ... 14.7%. The heritability of indicators of milk productivity on average for three lactations was: in terms of milk yield - h2 = 0.440, percentage of fat - h2 = 0.155, percentage of protein - h2 = 0.121, SCS - h2 = 0.161. Evaluation of the dynamics of changes in daily milk yield and SCS showed the standard nature of the shape of lactation curves with the values ​​of the determination coefficient of the phenotypic trend equation, respectively, R2 = 69.9 ... 86.4% and R2 = 11.8 ... 20.5%. An increase in the number of recorded days of control milking from 1 to 10 increased the accuracy of the forecast of the breeding value (EBV) of animals for signs of milk production by 1.7-2.4 times. Evaluation of cows by their own productivity for milk yield with optimal values ​​of forecast reliability over 70% can be carried out on the basis of 4 control milking units. At the same time, for the percentage of fat and protein, SCS, the number of observations to achieve reliable EBV results ranged from 8 to 10. Based on the average values ​​of the breeding value of cows, the population genetic characteristics of the farmed cattle in the Republic of Kazakhstan were determined in the context of breeds, country and region (population) origin. Holstein animals (+54.3 kg of milk) were characterized by the highest EBV values. Among imported cows, the best breeding value forecast was obtained for cows imported from Germany (+63.3 kg of milk). For the Kazakh population of cattle, leading positions in terms of genetic prognosis were achieved in East Kazakhstan region (KZF, +334.4 kg of milk). A principal component analysis based on an assessment of the breeding value of cows showed clear differentiation by breed level, country and region of origin of the livestock. The most significant differences were found for animals originated in the Kostanay region (KZP).Conclusion. Analysis of the results of population-genetic and breeding parameters of the characteristics of milk productivity of black-and-white and Holstein cattle showed that there are necessary prerequisites for the development of their own breeding base, increasing the efficiency of selection of animals for breeding groups.

scholarly journals Genetic parameters of milk productivity for three lactations of Holstein cattle with different genotypes of LEP gene

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
pp. 00061
Author(s):  
Tahir M. Akhmetov ◽  
Natalia Yu. Safina ◽  
Azat M. Alimov ◽  
Margarita I. Varlamova
Keyword(s):  
Milk Yield ◽  
Holstein Cows ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Allelic Polymorphism ◽  
Dna Testing ◽  
Pcr Method ◽  
Lep Gene ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Daily Milk Yield ◽  
Daily Milk

The research presents the findings of DNA testing of allelic polymorphism by the AC-PCR method of the LEP gene. The research was conducted among 172 Holstein cows at Integrated Agricultural Production Centre “Stud farm named after Lenin” in Atninsky district of the Republic of Tatarstan in 2017–2018. All genotypes of the LEP gene were identified through the research. Associations of the leptin gene polymorphism with dynamics of milk production during three lactations of Holstein cows were established. The best indicators for all three lactations were found in a group of animals with the TT genotype of the LEP gene. These individuals are characterized by increased milk yield, a high yield index, and tend to increase the average daily milk yield during three lactations. These individuals are characterized by increased milk yield, a high milk yield index, and tend to increase the average daily milk yield during three lactations.

ВЛИЯНИЕ СКАРМЛИВАНИЯ СЕНАЖА, ЗАГОТОВЛЕННОГО С ПРЕПАРАТОМ НА ОСНОВЕ ПРОПИОНОВОКИСЛЫХ БАКТЕРИЙ, НА ПРОДУКТИВНЫЕ КАЧЕСТВА КОРОВ

2019 ◽  
pp. 25-28
Author(s):  
I.V. MIRONOVA ◽  
KH.KH. TAGIROV ◽  
YU.A. LYSOV ◽  
L.A. ZUBAIROVA
Keyword(s):  
Milk Yield ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Milk Composition ◽  
Corn Silage ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Process Solution ◽  
Republic Of Bashkortostan ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Daily Milk Yield ◽  
Daily Milk

В статье приводятся данные молочной продуктивности и состава молока коров черно-пестрой породы, потребляющих сенаж из люцерны, заготовленный с применением разных доз закваски. При заготовке сенажа использовали препарат в концентрации рабочего раствора 2, 4 и 6 л на 1 т консервируемой массы. Опыт, заложенный в СПК-колохоз «Алга» Чекмагушевского района Республики Башкортостан, проводился в период 2017—2018 гг на коровах черно-пестрой породы. Были сформированы 4 группы  животных по 12 голов. В контрольной группе (I) коровы получали основной рацион, включающий сенаж без консервантов. Животные II—IV опытных групп потребляли сенаж с консервантом в указанных выше дозах. Рацион коров состоял из сена и сенажа люцернового, силоса кукурузного, свеклы кормовой, ячменя, овса, жмыха подсолнечного, патоки кормовой. Анализ полученных данных указывает на эффективность использования биологического консерванта в дозе 4 л рабочего раствора на 1 т массы. Данная дозировка обеспечивает увеличение удоя коров за 120 дней лактации по сравнению с контрольными сверстницами на 240,14 кг (8,97%; Р<0,001); удоя за 100 дней лактации — на 164,4 кг (7,27%; Р<0,001); среднесуточного удоя за 2-й мес лактации — на 2,14 кг (8,69%; Р?0,001); 3-й — на 2,37 кг (10,86%; Р?0,001); 4-й — на 3,44 кг (18,11%; Р?0,001). В молоке подопытных животных наблюдается увеличение концентрации сухого вещества на 0,24 п.п.; жира — на 0,11 п.п.; белка — на 0,05 п.п.; лактозы — на 0,04 п.п.The paper presents the data of milk yields and milk composition in cows of the black and motley  breed, fed alfalfa haylage preserved with  the use of yeast based product. When harvesting haylage, the drug was used in the concentration of 2, 4 and 6 liters of the process solution  per 1 ton of the preserved mass. The experiment was conducted on “SPK [Agricultural Production cooperative] Alga” farm of Chekmagushevskiy district of the Republic of Bashkortostan during 2017-2018. Cows of the black and motley breed were used in the experiment. The animals were divided into four groups, 12 heads each. The first control group consisted of cows fed the basic diet, including haylage without preservatives. Animals of the 2nd, 3rd and 4th test groups consumed haylage with preservatives at the specified doses. The diets comprised hay and haylage of alfalfa, corn silage, beet fodder, barley, oats, sunflower seed meal, feed molasses. Analysis of the obtained data showed that the biological preservative was efficient at a dose of 4 liters of the process solution per 1 ton of mass. This dosage provides an increase of 240.14 kg (8.97%; P<0.001) in milk yield of cows per 120 lactation days, and an increase of  164.4 kg (7.27%; P<0.001) in milk yield per 100 days of lactation compared with the control group animals. The average daily milk yield rose by 2.14 kg (8.69%; P<0.001) for the second month of lactation, by 2.37 kg (10.86%; P<0.001) for the third month, by 3.44 kg (18.11%; P<0.001) for the fourth month of lactation.  An increase of 0.24 pp in the concentrated dry matter, of 0.11 p.p. in fat, of 0.05 p.p. in protein and of 0.04 p.p. in lactose is reported in the paper.

scholarly journals The effect of milking frequency and intervals on milk production and functional properties of the cows’ udder in automatic milking systems

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
pp. 00036 ◽  
Author(s):  
Delyus Sharipov ◽  
Rubin Kayumov ◽  
Takhir Akhmetov ◽  
Rustam Ravilov ◽  
Firaya Akhmetzyanova
Keyword(s):  
Milk Production ◽  
Functional Properties ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Latency Period ◽  
Milk Flow ◽  
Milking Frequency ◽  
Automatic Milking ◽  
Automatic Milking Systems ◽  
Daily Milk Yield ◽  
Daily Milk

The objective of this study was to describe the association between the milking frequency and milk production and to determine the effect of milking intervals on the functional properties of the udder of cows in automatic milking systems. Thousand eight milking recordings were enrolled in the study, in total, 106 Holstein cows were observed. The results of studies showed that at a daily milk yield per cow of 22.0 ± 0.6 (means ± SD) kg, the milking frequency was 2 times (13.5 % of the total number of milkings), 32.7 ± 0.4 kg – 3 times (57.2 %), 37.7 ± 0.6 kg – 4 times (28.0 %), 51.3 ± 4.1 kg – 5 times (1.3 %). An increase in the daily milk yield due to a reduction in the milking interval has been established (p<0.001). However, milk yield per milking has the opposite tendency (p<0.001). The average and maximum milk flow rates increased with an increase in the milking interval and reached the highest values in the interval of 7.50–8.99 hours – 2.36 and 3.36 kg/min, respectively (p<0.001). Cows with a low indicator of maximum milk flow rate (3.01 ± 0.06 kg/min) had greater milk production (36.6 ± 0.47 kg). With an increase in the milking interval from 4.50–5.99 to 7.50–8.99 hours, it was accompanied by a decrease in the latency period milk flow in the quarters of the udder, when the milking interval reached 9.00–10.49 and 10.50–11.99 hours, the latency period milk flow increased.

Effect of Bypass Protein on Milk Production and Economic of Lactating Crossbred Cows

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (01) ◽  
Author(s):  
RATNESH K CHOUDHARY ◽  
A Saran ROY ◽  
N K SINGH3 ◽  
SANJAY KUMAR ◽  
RAUSHAN K SINGH
Keyword(s):  
Milk Production ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Crossbred Cows ◽  
Lactating Cows ◽  
Feed Cost ◽  
Total Diet ◽  
T1 And T2 ◽  
Daily Milk Yield ◽  
On Farm ◽  
Daily Milk

An On-Farm Trial was conducted on 24 lactating crossbred cows for assessment of feeding formaldehyde treated mustard cake (bypass protein) on milk production and economic analysis of lactating cow. Cows were divided into three groups having 8 cows each, treatments were farmers’ practice (FP); (Control): The lactating animals under this group were fedas per the feeding schedule of the farmers (5 kg. dry roughage as rice straw + 6 hrs grazing as local grass and 4 kg. commercial concentrates), T1: The lactating animals under this group were fed as per farmers practicewith 12% mustard cake of total diet was provided to the cow by replacing the same amount of commercial concentrates andT2: The lactating animals under this group were fed as per farmers practicewith 12% formaldehyde treated mustard cake of total diet was provided to the cow by replacing same amount of commercial concentrates. The average daily milk yield of lactating cows under FP, T1 and T2 was 8.58, 8.82 and 9.85 kg per cow, respectively. Differences between FP and T2 were significant. The daily increase in milk yield was 1.27 kg and 1.03 kg in cows fed T2diet over the cows fed FP and T1diet, respectively. The B: C ratios for FP, T1 and T2 groups were 2.6, 3.0 and 3.3, respectively. The feed cost reduced in T2 group by Rs. 8.64 and increased milk production by 1.27 kg in respect to FP group.

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