State support for agricultural sector: challenges and development prospects

Nowadays agricultural production is experiencing certain difficulties that negatively affect the profitability of agricultural organizations. Despite all the efforts of the state and its attempts to support agricultural producers, one can observe a decrease in production volumes of some types of products, as well as a lack of high-tech equipment. These challenges can be solved by improving the tools and by methods of regulating the activities of agricultural organizations. The implementation of new state control scientific approaches, primarily financial and credit, informative consulting and personnel issues of agricultural sector, will help overcome negative trends. The priority task of strengthening the state stimulating role in control of inter-farm relations in the regional agricultural sector is state support for the development of peasant (farm) households and cooperation in agriculture, while maintaining the existing level of support for medium and large agricultural. The article presents an assessment of the effectiveness of public investments in the development of agriculture on the example of the Chuvash Republic, which indicates a decrease in the effectiveness of the selected forms of support for the agricultural sector. There is a growing need to develop new tools to stimulate the innovative development of the agro-industrial complex.

Features of the biochemical composition of winter fodder plants in the Indigirka river basin

The article describes the value of the feed of winter pastures in the extreme north of Yakutia. Winter pastures of the Momsky district are located in marsh places and are used as horse food. Equis?tum fluviatile grows on pastures. Equis?tum Fluviatile is winter-green plants. Equis?tum Froviatile is of the greatest value for the horses of the Momsky district. The research was carry out in the Chiskhan peasant farm of the Momsky district, in the Ulakhan-Chistay village and at the Mercury peasant farm in the Myandigi village of the Amginsky district of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) at the end of November. 2020. Samples of winter feed take from pastures near the floodplain of the Moma River, which consisted mainly of marsh horsetail. In the Amga district, a cereal plant - creeping wheatgrass is the standard fodder for Yakutian horses; We are study the biochemical features of Equis?tum Froviatile in the conditions of the Arctic, which complement and expand ideas about the signs of the accumulation of nutrients in winter feed, depending on the cultivation zone. Winter pastures consisted mainly of Equis?tum fluviatile. In the Momsky district, the indicators are higher in cheese protein - 3.05%, for raw fat by 1.65%, for raw materials of fiber by 13.44% than in the Amginsky district. In the Momsky district, the indicators are higher in macro microelements by 1.5-2 times. It is assumed that plants of the Far North accumulate a significant amount of minerals due to their adaptive properties to growing conditions and have a high ability to absorb mineral compounds from the soil.

EFFECT OF NEEDLES DIET SUPPLEMENT ON GEESE PRODUCTIVE QUALITIES

The quantity of young geese for fattening depends on the geese parent flock and its reproductive qualities. There-fore, an important technological point is the organization of balanced feeding of the parent flock. The research goal was tostudy the effect of needles diet supplement on the egg production of geese. The experiment was carried out in the peasant farm enterprise “KFKh Shuvaeva Marina Anatolyevna” on the geese of the parent flock of the Lindovskaya breed. To achieve this goal, two groups of 1000 geese were formed. The first group was the control and received the basic diet which nutritional value corre-sponded to the standard; the second group was the trial group, and its basic diet contained 0.5% of the needles feed supplement. This supplement was obtained by extru-sion and contained 199 mg of carotene per kg. The use of the needles supplement in geese diets of the parent flock at a dose of 0.5% increased the gross hatching egg yield per laying female housed by 10.14 and 11.1, respectively. At the same time, the economic effect from 1 head of the parent flock made 77.4 rubles.

Reporting of peasant (farm) farms

Intensive development of small businesses in rural areas is one of the priority directions of state policy in the field of sustainable development of the agrarian economy and rural areas. At the same time, the level of professional legal awareness and entrepreneurial thinking among farmers largely determines the effectiveness of small agricultural formations. This level depends on many factors, including the availability of knowledge of taxation issues, the ability to competently maintain accounting records, observing the requirement of rationality, the ability to navigate the regulations governing this organizational form of doing business. The article discusses the procedure for the formation and features of the presentation of reporting forms of activity of peasant (farmer) farms taking into account various factors of activity, since it is this area that underlies the construction of the entire system of accounting and analytical work.

Formation of structural elements of spring wheat productivity based on foliar application

This article provides analyzes of data of long-term production experiments (2016-2020) conducted on peasant farm enterprise Makarenko E.I. located in Volokonovsky district of the Belgorod region. The outcomes of a comprehensive assessment of applying a growth regulator and liquid micronutrient fertilizers on the Prokhorovka spring wheat variety are presented. The available data enabled to draw conclusions concerning the positive effect of the studied growth regulators and liquid micronutrients on the length of the growing season of wheat plants, which on average tended to decrease the growing season of experimental options from 2 to 13 days. Options implying the treatment of seeds and vegetative plants of spring wheat benefited productivity. On average, the spike length was greater by one plant, the number of spikelets and grain content were better than in the control. On average, over five years, the yield in the experiment varied from 2.39 t/ha to 3.04 t/ha, the increments to the control varied from Nerthus Planta Peg – 0.14 t/ha or 5.8% to Polydon N+ – 0.65 t/ha or 27.1%.

THE ROLE OF PERSONAL AUXILIARY FA RMS IN ENSURING FOOD SECURITY IN THE CONDITIONS OF CONSUMER COOPERAT ION DEVELOPMENT

The subject of the research is to identify the place and role of personal subsidiary plots in social production in general and in agriculture in particular; object — personal subsidiary plots as a form of non-entrepreneurial activity for the production, processing and sale of agricultural products. The purpose of the study is to identify the importance of the functioning of personal subsidiary plots in ensuring the implementation of the state agrarian policy in terms of ensuring food security. The objectives of the study are to analyze the state of functioning of personal subsidiary plots, to identify their role in ensuring the country's food security. The novelty of the research: the relationship between consumer cooperation and personal subsidiary plots has been revealed. Conclusions: the role of consumer cooperatives in ensuring food security increases with the strengthening of their purchasing and marketing ties with personal subsidiary and peasant (farm) households.

MANAGING THE SOCIO-ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT OF SMALL FORMS OF GREEN TOURISM

This paper considers the economic and social aspects of organizing the functioning of small forms of green tourism. The importance of developing this type of recreational business as a form of self-realization of peasant farms has been proven. The role of rural entrepreneurship as a factor of regional development has been substantiated. The paper proposes the means to improve the procedure of estimating the efficiency of small forms of entrepreneurial activity. It has been recommended to use indicators that imply an alternative form of estimating the costs of labor by the members of a peasant farm. This paper has proposed a model of a green farm as a form of alternative self-actualization of peasant farms. The positive impact on the level of income of peasants in the case of its practical implementation has been substantiated. The need has been indicated to create a system of appropriate information support for subjects of green tourism at the regional level.

THE CURRENT STATE OF GRAIN PRODUCTION IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION

The level of providing the population with livestock products at the expense of their own production largely depends on the development of grain production, which is an important strategic component of the country's food security. Achieving this goal is possible only with the stable functioning of the entire agricultural sector, the main direction of which is to increase the volume of grain production and increase the economic efficiency of its organization and management. Grain farming is the basis of agricultural production, which has a decisive influence on the development of all its branches. In connection with the above, the analysis of the state of grain production in the Russian Federation in the conditions of transition to export-oriented production becomes relevant. In this connection, the analysis of the sown areas of grain and leguminous crops in farms of all categories, in the context of the main categories of farms of the Russian Federation, was carried out. In addition, a study of the yield of grain and leguminous crops in the context of the main categories of farms of the Russian Federation was conducted, all this allowed us to state that the intensive development of grain production for the period from 2016 to 2020. it became possible due to a change in the structure of sown areas, an increase in the yield of grain and leguminous crops. Thus, in the main category of grain producers, the gross harvest increased by 8.1 %, amounting to 93.2 thousand tons. in peasant (farm) farms, the volume of grain production increased by 17.7 % or from 33.47 to 39.41 million tons. In the households of the population, the gross grain harvest was distinguished by a downward trend – from 1023 thousand tons to 858 thousand tons, or by 16.1 % compared to the level of the base year

Characteristics of labor resources by types of peasant (farm) households

The article presents the results of development and testing of methods for identifying types of peasant (farm) households using the method of equal-frequency grouping and analysis of labor resources based on them. The subject of the study is a system of statistical indicators of peasant (farm) households, the object is a set of peasant (farm) households of three Russian regions with different natural and climatic conditions (the Republic of Buryatia, the Lipetsk region, and the Stavropol region). The source of information was the form of departmental reporting 1-KFH “Information on the production activities of the heads of peasant (farm) households-individual entrepreneurs”. The scientific novelty of the study consists in the development of a methodology for the typification of peasant (farm) households using the method of equal-frequency grouping, in the justification of a system of indicators for the analysis of the labor resources of peasant (farm) households by the selected types, as well as in the assessment of the impact on the income level of the availability of labour force and of agricultural equipment peasant (farm) households on the basis of the construction of production functions.

Transformation of Rural Life on the Example of Farms in the South of Russia

The possibilities of small-scale economic activities, which include peasant (farm) farms, in the preservation and development of rural areas of the country, in solving the problems of employment and income of rural residents require a deep interdisciplinary analysis in order to develop effective support measures in the future. Farmers are a significant subject of socio-economic processes in modern Russian rural areas and the implementation of state food security programs. Most of their farms are multi-industry, they are engaged in grain growing, animal husbandry, vegetable growing, beekeeping, etc. In order to understand what processes are taking place in farms, what factors constrain and what, on the contrary, contribute to their development, how the farming way of life adapts to the conditions of constantly changing socio – economic reality, how farmers are integrated into the activities of rural societies, it is important to use various research practices to study the various aspects of farms in different regions of the country. This article uses sociological information obtained from rural residents of such large agricultural regions as the Republic of Kalmykia, Astrakhan, Volgograd regions, and Stavropol territory.