scholarly journals Efek Tayangan Demonstrasi Sebagai Stimulus Untuk Pengaruhi Aktivitas Denyut Jantung Sebagai Representasi Reaksi Kemarahan

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 159-170
Author(s):  
Erik Saut H Hutahaean ◽  
Yuarini Wahyu Pertiwi ◽  
Hema Dayita Pohan ◽  
Tiara Anggita Perdini ◽  
Ryan Bastoro
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Blood Flow ◽  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Mental Activity ◽  
Heart Rates ◽  
Preliminary Study ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Comparative Trials ◽  
Made In

Abstract   Heart rate is an indicator to see mental activity in humans. Anger is a mental activity that has been investigated in many previous studies. There have been uses of impressions as a stimulus, but not yet in 360 format (virtual reality). This study is a preliminary study to determine the impact of demonstration impressions on heart rate activity. Impressions are made in two forms; Riot demonstrations and peaceful demonstrations, which were given to the subjects using the Virtual Reality Box. A total of 40 subjects were involved to reject their heartbeats and were given the intervention of broadcast 1 for riot demonstration and broadcast 2 for peace. Heart rate is measured through the blood flow read by a sensor bracelet, to further differentiate heart rate differences that occur in subjects. The results of the observation analysis found that there was a difference in the subject's heart rate when given 1 and 2 impressions. The results of comparative trials have proven that demonstration impressions can have an impact on different heart rates when compared to peaceful demonstrations.   Keywords: Anger, Demonstrations, Heart Rate, Impressions   Abstrak   Denyut jantung menjadi indikator untuk melihat aktivitas mental pada manusia. Kemarahan merupakan aktivitas mental yang banyak dipelajari pada penelitian yang sebelumnya. Penggunaan tayangan sebagai stimulus sudah pernah ada yang melakukannya, tetapi format tayangannya belum dalam format 360 (virtual realitiy). Studi ini merupakan kajian awal untuk menggali dampak tayangan demontrasi terhadap aktivitas denyut jantung. Tayangan dibuat dalam dua bentuk; demontrasi rusuh dan demontrasi damai, yang diberikan kepada subjek dengan menggunakan Virtual Reality Box. Sebanyak 40 subjek dilibatkan untuk diukur denyut jantungnya dan diberikan intervensi tayangan 1 untuk demontrasi rusuh serta tayangan 2 untuk demonstrasi damai. Denyut jantung diukur melalui aliran darah yang terbaca oleh sensor wristband, untuk selanjutnya diperiksa perbedaan-perbedaan heart rate yang terjadi pada subjek. Hasil analisis pengamatan mendapatkan adanya perbedaan heart rate pada subjek saat diberikan tayangan 1 dan diberikan tayangan 2. Hasil hitung uji perbandingan berhasil membuktikan bahwa tayangan demontrasi rusuh dapat berdampak kepada heart rate secara berbeda ketika dibandingkan dengan demontrasi yang damai.   Kata kunci: Kemarahan, Demontrasi, Heart Rate, Tayangan

Effect of heart rate on myocardial blood flow in dogs with left ventricular hypertrophy

1980 ◽  
Vol 239 (5) ◽  
pp. H621-H627
Author(s):  
T. R. Vrobel ◽  
W. S. Ring ◽  
R. W. Anderson ◽  
R. W. Emery ◽  
R. J. Bache
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Blood Flow ◽  
Left Ventricular Hypertrophy ◽  
Myocardial Blood Flow ◽  
Ventricular Hypertrophy ◽  
Lateral Wall ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Myocardial Mass ◽  
Previous Suggestion ◽  
Heart Rates

Because of the previous suggestion that subendocardial perfusion may be inadequate in the hypertrophied heart, this study was carried out to examine the response of transmural myocardial blood flow to pacing induced tachycardia in dogs with chronic left ventricular hypertrophy. Myocardial hypertrophy, produced by banding the ascending aorta of puppies at 5-6 wk of age, resulted in an 87% average increase in relative left ventricular mass compared with the control dogs. Myocardial blood flow was examined during ventricular pacing at heart rates of 100, 200, and 250 beats/min using radionuclide-labeled microspheres. Mean blood flow per unit myocardial mass was similar in the two groups of dogs at a heart rate of 100 beats/min and increased regularly during pacing in both groups of animals. Increasing heart rates did not change the transmural pattern of myocardial blood flow in the normal dogs, but in the animals with left ventricular hypertrophy pacing at 250 beats/min resulted in a significant redistribution of perfusion away from the subendocardium, with the ratio of subendocardial/subepicardial blood flow falling from 1.03 +/- 0.08 at 100 beats/min to 0.83 +/0 0.06 at 250 beats/min (P < 0.01). This redistribution of blood flow away from the subendocardium was especially marked in the regions encompassing the papillary muscles and the intervening left ventricular lateral wall.

scholarly journals Dependence of Heart Rate Variability on Immersion in a Virtual Game and Change of Visual Content in the Flow of Virtual Reality

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vasily Pyatin ◽  
Arseny Videnin ◽  
Olga Maslova ◽  
Sergei Chaplygin ◽  
Sergey Rovnov
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Virtual Environments ◽  
Physical Environment ◽  
Emotional State ◽  
Emotional Arousal ◽  
Emotional Needs ◽  
Immersive Environment ◽  
Made In

ABSTRACTA modern person constantly changes the environment of his mental activity, moving real into an immersive environment, for example, from the surrounding reality to the information environment of a smartphone and back. This kind of transition is needed to satisfy many of the cognitive and emotional needs of people. The transition from a real physical environment to virtual reality (VR) with the help of a special headset, for example, the Oculus Rift or HTC vive, occurs less often, causing less frequent emotional state. If at the same time the emotional state of a person is investigated, then, as a rule, the manifestation of heart rate variability (HRV) is used as an indicator. However, there are relatively few studies in the literature on physiological responses using HRV during the perception of VR content. The results of such studies are extrapolated to data evoked in HRV manifestations by stimuli of real and virtual environments. We studied HRV in 55 participants while they were in the flow of VR content of different dynamics. The results were analyzed by statistically testing the hypothesis of the effect of VR immersion and the effect of transitions between realities on HRV manifestations, as well as the effect of VR flow dynamics on HRV. The results showed that the perception of the VR flow and the content transitions made in it determine the change in HRV in the form of such parameters as LF and the Baevsky Index, which can be considered as markers of immersion in VR. An increase in emotional arousal with sequential participation in virtual games in one virtual stream determines the manifestations of HRV - HR, Moda and PAR.The results contribute to understanding the possibilities of using VR technology to recognize emotions during the transition between the natural environment and VR, as well as to determine the level of emotional arousal when immersed in the changing flow of virtual content. These studies are important for the study of the psychology of emotions in the VR flow paradigm.

scholarly journals The Impact of Body Mass Index on Physical Activity and Cardiac Workload

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Myra Jane Bloom ◽  
Lakin Mckenzie Brown ◽  
Scarlet Rae Jost ◽  
Andrew Stuart Ian Donald Lang ◽  
Nancy Viola Mankin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
University Students ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Healthy Lifestyle ◽  
Physically Active ◽  
Heart Rates ◽  
Healthy Lifestyle Interventions ◽  
The Impact

AbstractBackgroundHaving an abnormal body mass index (BMI) adversely affects cardiac workload and level of physical activity.ObjectiveTo examine the relationship between cardiac workload, physical activity, Sex, and BMI.MethodsThe number of steps taken per day (Steps) and minutes per week spent in targeted heart rate zones were collected from primarily first and second year university students (n = 1,801; 62% female) over a standard, 15-week long semester. Other data collected included BMI, Sex, Age, and Class Standing. Sex differences in BMI, Steps, and training heart rate zone (heart rates above 50% of max) minutes (THR) were evaluated, correlations between the study parameters were analyzed, and one-way ANOVA was used to test between competing models. The values p < .05 were considered statistically significant.ResultsStatistically significant (p < .05) differences between males and females were found for Steps, THR, and BMI. Males were more physically active but spent 18% less time with heart rates above 50% of max. Students who had abnormal BMI values, both low and high, experienced greater cardiac workload (p < .05), even though they were found to be less physically active (p < .05).ConclusionOur study revealed that university students with abnormal BMI values experienced greater cardiac workload, even though they are less physically active. Thus, physical fitness and healthy lifestyle interventions should also include underweight students in addition to students who are overweight or obese.

scholarly journals 740-2 The Impact of Heart Rate on Cerebral Blood Flow in Patients with Chronic Fatigue, Dizziness and Episodic Weakness After Implantation of Permanent Pacing Devices

1995 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 151A-152A
Author(s):  
Andreas Hagendorff ◽  
Christian Dettmers ◽  
Luciano Pizzulli ◽  
Heyder Omran ◽  
Alexander Hartmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Blood Flow ◽  
Cerebral Blood Flow ◽  
Chronic Fatigue ◽  
Permanent Pacing ◽  
The Impact

Computational Fluid Dynamics Simulations of Intracranial Aneurysms at Varying Heart Rates: A “Patient-Specific” Study

2009 ◽  
Vol 131 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jingfeng Jiang ◽  
Charles Strother
Keyword(s):  
Fluid Dynamics ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Computational Fluid Dynamics ◽  
Intracranial Aneurysms ◽  
Vortex Formation ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Physical Exertion ◽  
Patient Specific ◽  
Heart Rates ◽  
The Impact

Rupture of an intracranial aneurysm (IA) is frequently associated with intense physical exertion and/or emotional excitement, events that are typically also accompanied by sudden significant changes in both heart rate and blood pressure. Very few experimental studies of aneurysm hemodynamics have examined the impact on hemodynamic parameters in and around an aneurysm resulting from changes in heart rate. In order to further understanding these changes, as they relate to hemodynamic features that may contribute to rupture of an IA, we examined the characteristics of pulsatile flow in and around two “patient-specific” intracranial aneurysms at three different cardiac frequencies. Three dimensional X-ray angiographic data (3D-DSA) were used to reconstruct accurate and patient-specific aneurysm geometries. Then, computational fluid dynamics techniques were utilized to analyze the characteristics of blood flow in and around the two aneurysms. Physiologically realistic flow conditions, as measured by transcranial Doppler ultrasound, were used in the simulations. Our results showed that there were significant changes in the overall flow patterns (e.g., vortex formation and translation) associated with the changes of heart rates. In both aneurysms, the calculated wall shear stress exhibited substantial increases with an increase in heart rate. Our results suggest that the changes in local hemodynamic forces associated with variations in heart rate are dependent not only on the heart rate but also on the aneurysm geometry. This thus precludes applying our observations about the impact of variations in cardiac rate to aneurysms in general.

scholarly journals Giving Birth on a Beach Women's Experiences of Using Virtual Reality in Labour A Pragmatic Mixed Methods Approach

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Lorna Massov
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Pain Relief ◽  
Pain Intensity ◽  
Labour Pain ◽  
Active Labour ◽  
Pharmacological Method ◽  
Physiological Markers ◽  
The Impact

<p><b>Birth is a normal physiological process, and many women want a natural birth. However, there is worldwide concern over the increasing use of epidural analgesia and other pharmacological pain relief methods for women in labour. This tendency renders birth non-physiological by increasing the use of obstetric interventions with associated risks. Women use a range of non-pharmacological pain relief methods to reduce labour pain intensity, to help manage labour pain and to induce relaxation. The purpose of this study was to explore the experiences of women using virtual reality (VR) as a non-pharmacological method of pain relief in labour and to determine whether there was an effect on labour pain intensity. Virtual reality has been shown to be an effective distraction technique in other acute pain settings and also reduces anxiety.</b></p> <p>This study used a pragmatic mixed method approach with a sequential exploratory design, combining in-depth antenatal and postnatal interviews with an intervention study in labour in a cross-over within-subjects trial. Thematic analysis was used to analyse the qualitative data.</p> <p>Twenty-six pregnant women were recruited to the study. Fourteen participants reported their pain and had their heart rate and blood pressure measured during active labour while using and not using VR. There were significantly lower reported pain scores (6.14 compared to 7.61, p =<.001) and maternal heart rate (79.86 beats per minute compared to 85.57, p = .033) and mean arterial pressure (88.78 mmHg compared to 92.61 mmHg, p = .022) were lower when using VR during active labour. These differences were all statistically significant. Findings from qualitative postnatal interviews indicated a positive response to the use of VR in labour. Several themes were identified in the data. The first theme, Impact of VR on Labour, described the impact of VR on labour in terms of distraction, relaxation, enjoyment and a positive birth experience. The second theme, Managing the Pain, describes how VR was used by the women to manage their labour pain using breathing techniques and gaining a sense of control. In the third theme, The Challenges and Surprises of Using VR in Labour, women’s narratives recounted the various challenges of using the VR technology. Despite these challenges, ninety-four percent of women reported that they would use VR in labour again and would recommend it to a pregnant friend.</p> <p>This study provides a unique and original contribution to the field of VR in labour and birth. It is consistent with other recent findings of reduced pain with the use of VR, and links decreased pain scales to heart rate and blood pressure, the physiological markers of pain. It also identifies VR as an acceptable and positive experience in the management of labour pain. Results from this study have the potential to inform design for future labour specific VR environments and expand its application in the field of biomedical technology.</p>

Renal and systemic hemodynamic responses to sustained submaximal exertion in horses

1990 ◽  
Vol 258 (5) ◽  
pp. R1177-R1183 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. W. Hinchcliff ◽  
K. H. McKeever ◽  
L. M. Schmall ◽  
C. W. Kohn ◽  
W. W. Muir
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Blood Flow ◽  
Cardiac Output ◽  
Total Solid ◽  
Systemic Hemodynamics ◽  
Solid Concentration ◽  
Maximum Heart Rate ◽  
Filtration Fraction ◽  
Systemic Hemodynamic ◽  
Heart Rates

We investigated the effects of 1 h of sustained submaximal exertion on the renal and systemic hemodynamics of six horses. The horses ran on a treadmill at a speed that produced heart rates of 55-60% of each horse's maximum heart rate. Exertion produced heart rates of 121 +/- 6.6 and 126 +/- 6.1 (SE) beats/min after 15 and 60 min, respectively. Cardiac output increased significantly (P less than 0.05) from 70.1 +/- 3.1 to 246.2 +/- 4.7 ml.min-1.kg body wt-1 after 15 min of exertion and thereafter did not change. There was no significant change from rest in p-aminohippuric acid and creatinine clearances, filtration fraction, or renal blood flow during exertion. Plasma total solid concentration and hematocrit increased by 3.8 and 8.6%, respectively, between 20 and 60 min of exertion. Pulmonary artery temperature increased significantly from 37.6 degrees C at rest to 38.6 degrees C at 60 min of exertion. This study demonstrates the ability of the horse to maintain renal hemodynamics similar to resting values and systemic hemodynamics at steady-state values despite hemoconcentration and increased body temperature during sustained submaximal exertion.

Hepatic clearance of indocyanine green in man under thermal and exercise stresses

1965 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 384-394 ◽  
Author(s):  
Loring B. Rowell ◽  
John R. Blackmon ◽  
Richard H. Martin ◽  
John A. Mazzarella ◽  
Robert A. Bruce
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Blood Flow ◽  
Indocyanine Green ◽  
Blood Lactate ◽  
Hepatic Blood Flow ◽  
Rectal Temperature ◽  
Hepatic Clearance ◽  
Work Capacity ◽  
Heart Rates ◽  
Icg Clearance

At 78 and 110 F hepatic clearance of indocyanine green (ICG), O2 intake, heart rate, blood lactate, and rectal temperature were measure on nine men unacclimatized to heat during treadmill exercise, requiring 45–95% of maximal O2 intake (max Vo2). Percentage of resting ICG clearance was inversely proportional to percentage of maximal O2 intake at 78 F (ggr = -0.78) and 110 F (ggr = -0.81). Clearance of ICG was 20% less at 110 F than at 78 F at all metabolic rates above 26% of maximal Vo2. Measurements of hepatic blood flow in three men at 110 F validate these estimates of percentage decrements in hepatic blood flow. Submaximal and maximal Vo2 and maximal heart rates were unaltered by heat, but maximal heart rates were reached during submaximal work at 110 F. Decreased work capacity at 110 F was unrelated to rectal temperature or blood lactate; the latter was unaffected by temperature. The liver and the kidneys may divert to the skin sufficient blood to obviate the need for additional increments in cardiac output during work at high temperature. Maximal decrements in hepatic blood flow at lower work intensities may contribute to diminished work capacity at 110 F. hepatic blood flow during exercise; lactic acid and heat stress; rectal temperature; heart rate and temperature; maximal o2 intake, influence of temperature; temperature redistribution of blood flow; work capacity, effect of heat Submitted on October 30, 1964

Alteration of ischemic cardiac function in normal heart by daily exercise

1983 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
pp. 52-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. R. Knight ◽  
H. L. Stone
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Blood Flow ◽  
Myocardial Function ◽  
Exercise Program ◽  
Segment Length ◽  
Tissue Blood Flow ◽  
Myocardial Tissue ◽  
Daily Exercise ◽  
Coronary Collateral Blood Flow ◽  
Made In

Myocardial function, tissue blood flow, and heart rate measurements were studied during control and a 2-min occlusion of the left circumflex coronary artery in conscious dogs. These measurements were made in the same dogs before exercise in the untrained state (UT) and after a 4-wk treadmill exercise program in the partially trained condition (PT). Ultrasonic segment length gauges were used to measure myocardial function in the ischemic zone, defined by staining the myocardial tissue. Microspheres (15 microns), labeled with different isotopes, were used to measure the myocardial tissue flow in the normal and ischemic zones. Myocardial function in the ischemic zone of 20 dogs was reduced 71 +/- 6% in the UT condition; however, after PT, the percent reduction in segment length function was only 33 +/- 4% during occlusion. During occlusion, an increase in heart rate of 46 +/- 7% in the UT condition was observed; yet after PT, heart rate increased only 19 +/- 5%. In 5 UT dogs with heart rate held constant (150 beats/min), the decrease from control in tissue blood flow to the ischemic zone in the subendocardium during occlusion was 60 +/- 7%. After PT, the decrease from control in tissue blood flow in the same dogs was 34 +/- 6%. These data indicate that the improved myocardial function during ischemia was a result of the improved coronary collateral blood flow into the ischemic zone after PT.

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