scholarly journals Reproductive characteristics of the Caucasian smooth newt, Lissotriton lantzi (Wolterstorff, 1914) from Abrau Peninsula (Northwest Caucasus, Russia)

2019 ◽  
Vol 323 (2) ◽  
pp. 120-126
Author(s):  
A.A. Kidov ◽  
E.A. Nemyko
Keyword(s):  
Water Temperature ◽  
Reproductive Biology ◽  
Reproductive Behavior ◽  
Total Duration ◽  
Oviposition Period ◽  
Breeding Period ◽  
Exogenous Feeding ◽  
Smooth Newt ◽  
Egg Incubation ◽  
Plastic Containers

The publication presents results of the reproductive biology study of the Lissotriton lantzi (Wolterstorff, 1914) from the Abrau Peninsula (Krasnodar Territory, Russia). Ten females and ten males of this species were caught before breeding began. Animals were kept in plastic containers with water at a temperature of 11.5–23.0°C, one pair of newts in each container. Every day the reproductive behavior was recorded and laid eggs were selected. Males showed reproductive behavior (mating dance and position of spermatophore) within 1–36 days after the start of the research. Position of first eggs was observed in different females from 6 to 16 of April at a water temperature of 13.0–16.5°C. All ten females bred in April and May, only five females laid eggs in June and three females in July. The total duration of the oviposition period in different females was 41–99 days. Last eggs were found from May 26 to July 18 at a temperature of 17.5 to 23.0°C. Fertility of females in the breeding period was 67–832 eggs. The eggs of newts had a length of 3.1–4.0 mm and width of 1.9–2.8 mm. The duration of egg incubation at a temperature 14.5–20.5°C was from 13 to 24 days. Pre-larvae length after the hatching was equal to 6.5–9.8 mm. The larvae started to eat during 0–5 days after hatching. The length of larvae at the beginning of exogenous feeding was 8.2–11.3 mm. It is noted that most of the studied females (9 out of 10) had higher fertility than previously noted for this species (283–832 against 70–220 eggs).

scholarly journals Air versus water temperature of aquatic habitats in Delhi: Implications for transmission dynamics of Aedes aegypti

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gaurav Kumar ◽  
Veena Pande ◽  
Shweta Pasi ◽  
Vijay P. Ojha ◽  
Ramesh C. Dhiman
Keyword(s):  
Water Temperature ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Data Loggers ◽  
Breeding Habitats ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Near Future ◽  
Plastic Containers ◽  
Local Weather ◽  
Container Material

The present study was planned to characterize the microclimate experienced by Aedes larvae in different breeding habitats by determining the temperature variations in water kept in containers during different months under natural conditions. The study was conducted in three municipal zones of Delhi. In each site, four types of container material (plastic, cement, iron and ceramic) were chosen for recording the water temperature in the containers. Daily air and water temperatures (mean, maximum and minimum values) recorded by HOBO and Tidbit data loggers, respectively, were compared using analysis of variance and Tukey’s honest significant difference (HSD) tests. Mean monthly temperature of water varied from 16.9 to 33.0 °C in tin containers, 17.3 to 35.6°C in plastic containers, 14.3 to 28.5°C in ceramic pots, 23.3 to 30.4°C in cemented underground tanks (UGT) and 15.8 to 35.1°C in cemented overhead tanks (OHTs). Corresponding values for the air temperature ranged from 17.7 to 36.1°C. The difference between temperature of water in the containers and air temperature was highest for ceramic pots. Daily mean, maximum and minimum temperatures recorded by different data loggers differed significantly (P<0.05). When Tukey HSD test was applied for data analysis, the daily mean air temperature differed significantly from the water temperature in tin and ceramic pots as well as cemented OHTs. The temperature of water in the different breeding habitats investigated was lower than the air temperature. Moreover, actual air temperature as recorded by HOBO was higher than the temperature recorded by local weather stations. Considering the ongoing climate change, cemented UGT and earthen pots may be more productive breeding habitats for the Aedes mosquito in the near future, while plastic and cemented OHTs might no longer be suitable for Aedes breeding.

Effect of delayed mating on reproductive biology of the Oriental fruit moth (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae)

2001 ◽  
Vol 133 (2) ◽  
pp. 219-227 ◽  
Author(s):  
H.W. Fraser ◽  
R.M. Trimble
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rate ◽  
Reproductive Biology ◽  
Mating Disruption ◽  
Oriental Fruit Moth ◽  
Oviposition Period ◽  
Egg Hatch ◽  
Female Longevity ◽  
Successful Control ◽  
Black Head ◽  
Egg Fertility

AbstractThe effect of delayed mating on the reproductive biology of females of the Oriental fruit moth, Grapholita molesta (Busck), was studied in the laboratory. Expected reproduction, defined as t-th day survival rate × percent successful mating × total viable eggs, was reduced by 13, 36, and 74%, respectively, after a 2-, 5-, and 10-d delay in pairing with a male compared with females that were paired with a male on their day of emergence. Female fertility (percentage of females laying fertile eggs), fecundity (total number of eggs laid), egg fertility (percentage of eggs developing to black head stage), and egg hatch (percentage of eggs hatching) were reduced by delays in mating. The pre-oviposition period of females mated within 24 h of emergence was longer than that of females mated 2, 5, or 10 d after emergence. The duration of the oviposition period declined with delays in mating. Female longevity increased with delays in mating and was greatest in virgin females. The number of eggs laid per day was similar in females paired with a male 2, 5, and 10 d after their emergence. Commencing 2 d after pairing, females paired on their day of emergence exhibited a daily oviposition rate similar to that of females paired 2–10 d after emergence. These observations suggest that the successful control of the Oriental fruit moth using sex-pheromone-mediated orientation disruption (mating disruption) is more likely accomplished by preventing mating than by delaying mating.

Parasitic castration of Buccinanops cochlidium (Gastropoda: Nassariidae) caused by a lepocreadiid digenean in San José Gulf, Argentina

2010 ◽  
Vol 84 (4) ◽  
pp. 381-389 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Averbuj ◽  
F. Cremonte
Keyword(s):  
Water Temperature ◽  
Digestive Gland ◽  
Host Size ◽  
Oviposition Period ◽  
San Jose ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Parasitic Castration ◽  
Penis Size ◽  
First Time ◽  
Healthy Males

AbstractParasitic castration of Buccinanops cochlidium from San José Gulf, Argentina, caused by a lepocreadiid digenean, is reported for the first time. Rediae and ophtalmotrichocercous cercariae probably belonging to Opechona sp. were identified in the gonad and digestive gland. Opechona sp. has been reported previously parasitizing B. monilifer from a northern locality in the Argentine Sea. Overall prevalence of infection was 15.5%; it varied seasonally, rising during the warm months after the host oviposition period. Cercariae were expelled at the same time as the hatching of snail embryos (during the higher water temperature period). Rediae affected male and female snails equally, but prevalence increases along with host size. The parasite causes the complete castration of the host. Parasitized adult snails showed a reduction of penis size in comparison with healthy males. It remains to be confirmed whether the peak of cercariae emission coincides with the presence of jellyfishes and scombrid or other fishes in the area, which could act as second intermediate and definitive hosts, respectively.

Spring breeding of a northern temperate crayfish, Orconectes rusticus

1982 ◽  
Vol 60 (11) ◽  
pp. 2641-2645 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Berrill ◽  
Michael Arsenault
Keyword(s):  
Water Temperature ◽  
Temperature Increase ◽  
Laboratory Experiments ◽  
Breeding Period ◽  
Orconectes Rusticus ◽  
Southern Ontario ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Sexually Mature

In southern Ontario in the springs of 1980, 1981, and 1982 the crayfish Orconectes rusticus bred explosively when water temperatures rose above 4 °C. Copulations occurred frequently as sexually mature males and females wandered over the substrate at night. Males fought with each other and interrupted copulating pairs. In 1980 and 1981, females began to sequester themselves and extrude their eggs 11–12 days after copulations began. Males then gradually wandered and fought less, began feeding, and the breeding period ended approximately 4 weeks after the initiation of frequent copulations. In 1982, a delayed spring resulted in a far shorter breeding period. Laboratory experiments indicated that although a rise in water temperature initiated breeding events, including egg extrusion, the degree of necessary temperature increase may be inversely correlated with the duration of lengthening photoperiod to which females are exposed. Females which did not copulate in spring extruded eggs which were mostly infertile, emphasizing the importance of spring copulation in this northern orconectid.

scholarly journals PENGARUH SUHU AIR TERHADAP DAYA TETAS TELUR DAN PERKEMBANGAN LARVA NILA MERAH (Oreochromis sp.)

2002 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 22
Author(s):  
Rustadi Rustadi
Keyword(s):  
Ambient Temperature ◽  
Water Temperature ◽  
Seed Production ◽  
Incubation Time ◽  
Soft Drink ◽  
Circulation System ◽  
Hatching Rate ◽  
Red Tilapia ◽  
Egg Incubation ◽  
Optimum Water

Artificial incubations of red tilapia eggs and fry were conducted in the effort to increase fish seed production and its quality. These experiments were done to determine suitable water temperature for egg incubation and larvae rearing. Four different water temperature­s, 24, 27, 30, and 33oC with variance 1oC and ambient temperature were tested in triplicates. One liter of plastic incubators made from soft drink bottles were set to water re-circulation system and provided with filter means.The fertilized eggs were stocked at 150 eggs. The hatching rate of egg increased as the increase of water temperature. The increase of water temperature decreased the incubation time of eggs, but increased hatching rate and the growth of larvae. The optimum water temperature was 29,87oC. 

scholarly journals Histology of Tritia mutabilis gonads: using reproductive biology to support sustainable fishery management

2021 ◽  
Vol 34 ◽  
pp. 6
Author(s):  
Alicia Mallet ◽  
Jean-Yves Jouvenel ◽  
Morgane Broyon ◽  
Nelly Pirot ◽  
Benjamin Geffroy
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Biology ◽  
Fishery Management ◽  
Shell Height ◽  
Management Plan ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Breeding Period ◽  
Management Measures ◽  
Baseline Information ◽  
Sustainable Fishery ◽  
First Maturity

The mutable nassa, Tritia mutabilis, a marine gastropod that is widely exploited on the Adriatic coast is an important source of income for small-scale fishermen in the Mediterranean Sea, particularly in the Gulf of Lion. However, the lack of knowledge on the ecology and biology of this species limits our capacities to propose and produce an effective management plan. As a result, stocks are currently declining, especially in Italy. In order to optimize a management plan for this fishery, we designed a study to better characterize the reproductive biology of T. mutabilis, using gonad histology and performing a regular monitoring of population size frequency. The average shell height of individuals during the breeding period was 24 ± 2.7 mm for males and 30 ± 3.7 mm for females. The presence of small females (10 mm) and large males (32 mm) in the whole sample challenged previous assumptions regarding protandry (sex change from male to female). The size at first maturity was estimated for males and females at 17.5 mm and 24.4 mm shell height, respectively. In Italy, current management measures include a minimum conservation reference size of 20 mm in shell height. Therefore, it is likely that many individuals that did not reproduce are being caught, which could partly explain the decline observed, despite conservation measures introduced more than ten years ago. Overall, our study provides some baseline information to establish, in consultation with fishermen, management measures for this small-scale fishery in France.

scholarly journals Reproductive behavior of the marine gastropod Charonia seguenzae (Aradas & Benoit, 1870) in captivity

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
CHRYSA K. DOXA ◽  
ASPASIA STERIOTI ◽  
PASCAL DIVANACH ◽  
MAROUDIO KENTOURI
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Biology ◽  
Collaborative Care ◽  
Reproductive Behavior ◽  
Maternal Care ◽  
Egg Laying ◽  
Marine Gastropod ◽  
Temperature Range ◽  
In Captivity ◽  
Evolutionary Level

The reproductive behavior of the gastropod Charonia seguenzae (Aradas & Benoit, 1870) was studied through the description of 19 copulation and 21 egg laying events of 134 wild individuals. Findings in the present study regarding a part of the reproduction temperature range (20 to 23oC) and the demonstration of maternal care provided important information on their biology, behavior and ecology. Furthermore, observed polyandry by the females and collaborative care of embryonic sacks, were two aspects of the species reproductive biology that pose new questions both at ecological and evolutionary level.

scholarly journals Seasonal development and ovipositing behavior of Marchalina hellenica (Hemiptera: Margarodidae)

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
pp. 27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sofia Gounari
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Life Span ◽  
Adult Female ◽  
Reproductive Behavior ◽  
Reproductive Capacity ◽  
Oviposition Period ◽  
Seasonal Development ◽  
Pine Trees ◽  
Three Stages ◽  
Marchalina Hellenica

Marchalina hellenica, Gennadius (Hemiptera: Margarodidae) is the main honeydew producing insect of pine trees ίη Greece. Its behavior during oviposition, the reproductive capacity, oviposition period, pre-hatching period, and life span of the οviposited female and other aspects of its reproductive behavior in the field and in the laboratory, have been recorded in a three-year research. Μ. hellenica completes one generation per year. It is mainly parthenogenetic. The adult female appears on the trees, looking for an oviposition site from late March to late April. Its oviposition period in the field lasts about 20 days, while the hatching period lasts about 30 days. Live females can be found on the trees until the end of May, so there is a coexistence of three stages of Μ. hellenica, adult, eggs and 151 stage nymphs, in the field for about one month. Μ. hellenica is able to oviposit in the laboratory in room conditions. Its ovipositing period is as long as 16 days, while the total number of eggs laid is on average 262. Body weight was significantly correlated with the total number of eggs laid.

scholarly journals Embriogenesis and larval ontogeny of the "piau-gordura", Leporinus piau (Fowler) (Pisces, Anostomidae) after induced spawning

2004 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 117-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fábio Luiz Borçato ◽  
Nilo Bazzoli ◽  
Yoshimi Sato
Keyword(s):  
Embryonic Development ◽  
Water Temperature ◽  
Larval Development ◽  
Exogenous Feeding ◽  
Histological Techniques ◽  
Final Development ◽  
Complete Absorption ◽  
Vegetative Pole ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Embryonic And Larval Development

Mature males and females of Leporinus piau (Fowler, 1941) were induced to reproduce through a hypophysation process. Extrusion occurred 12 h or 312 hours-degree after the hypophysation, at a water temperature of 26°C. Fertilized eggs were maintained in incubators at 24°C. Embryonic development, was evaluated using every 10 minutes, fresh egg samples which were analyzed under stereoscopic microscope. The larvae were collected at 24-hour intervals for seven days after hatching, fixed in Bouin's fluid and were submitted to routine histological techniques. The eggs of L. piau were slightly gray, non-adhesive and round-shaped. After 1.5 h the embryo was at the 64-blastomere phase and showed a wide yolk region on the vegetative pole. Within 6.25 h, blastopore closure and the end of gastrula was observed. The differentiation of layers occurred after 7.5 h and hatching after 21 h after fertilization at 24°C or 504 hours-degree. During the first three days of the larvae development there was a gradual yolk sac reduction until its complete absorption on the fourth day, indicating the necessity of exogenous feeding. From the fourth to the seventh day, the final development of the heart, gill arches, swimblader, kidney, hepatopancreas, stomach and intestine were observed. The embryonic and larval development of L. piau were similar to other Anastomidae species.

Reproductive biology of the great capricorn beetle,Cerambyx cerdo(Coleoptera: Cerambycidae): a protected but occasionally harmful species

2017 ◽  
Vol 107 (6) ◽  
pp. 799-811 ◽  
Author(s):  
L.M. Torres-Vila
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Biology ◽  
Body Length ◽  
Relative Size ◽  
Reproductive Traits ◽  
Oviposition Period ◽  
Female Size ◽  
Egg Volume ◽  
Ecological Features ◽  
Management Measures ◽  
Cerambyx Cerdo

AbstractCerambyx cerdo(Cc) is a protected saproxylic beetle in Europe, although it is increasingly reported as an oak ‘pest’. Cc ecological features are relatively well known, but, its reproductive biology is still poorly understood. Hence, we investigated the reproductive traits of Cc under laboratory conditions. In females, body length was 44.1 ± 0.9 mm, 28–53 (mean ± SE, range); fecundity 143 ± 11 eggs, 33–347; fertility 78 ± 1%, 65–93; oviposition period 44 ± 3 days, 13–128 and longevity 59 ± 5 days, 16–157. Fecundity was positively correlated with female size, longevity and oviposition period. Daily fecundity was 3.5 ± 0.2 eggs/day, 0.9–6.5 showing a fluctuating synovigenic pattern with a slight decreasing trend over time. Egg length was 3.74 ± 0.01 mm, 2.3–6.0 and egg volume 5.45 ± 0.04 mm3, 2.4–9.6. Egg size was correlated with female size, but, the relative size of eggs was larger in smaller females. Incubation time was 13.5 ± 0.1 days, 7–28. Hatching was superior in larger eggs and neonate size was positively correlated to egg volume. Females were polyandrous (up to 19 matings), but, multiple mating did not enhance fecundity or fertility. In males, body length was 41.8 ± 0.8 mm, 29–53 and longevity 49 ± 3 days, 9–124. Male longevity was unrelated to body size. Males were polygynous (up to 16 matings) and mating number did not affect male longevity. Overall, females were larger and lived longer than males. Cc reproductive traits are compared with those other Cerambycidae, especially with the congeneric pestCerambyx welensii. Our data may be valuable to improve the protection/management measures of Cc in dehesa woodlands and other oak forests.

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